Translating Bei Dao

Babel ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-303
Author(s):  
Dian Li

Abstract There is a bold suggestion that Bei Dao's translatability is symptomatic of the fact that his poetry is a "World Poetry" and thus lacks grounding in China's history. Now that Bei Dao's reputation in the West has been on the rise and his works continue to be translated in many Western languages, it is time to treat the lingering questions regarding Bei Dao's translatability seriously and to conceptualize it in the context of modern Chinese poetry, which is , in a large sense, a history of rejuvenation through the translation of Western poetry. The immediate origin of the poet's translatability resides, the paper suggests, in a literary language called the "translation style" in the late 1960s, which served as a protest against the language of authority in Mao's China. Against this historical background, the paper problematizes the use of translatability as a way of reading and critiquing Bei Dao's poetry. The translation of poetry, after all, is a form of idealized interpretation, much limited by information available to the translator. When one says Bei Dao's poetry translates well into English, it is precisely because it has been translated with all its gaps, errors, and ambiguities, all of which are abundant in Bei Dao's English texts. Résumé Certains ont suggéré que la traductibilité de Bei Dao s'explique par le fait que sa poésie est une "poésie universelle" qui ne puise pas ses racines dans l'histoire de la Chine. Aujourd'hui, la réputation de Bei Dao se confirme dans le monde occidental et ses ouvrages y sont traduits dans plusieurs langues occidentales. Il est donc grand temps d'aborder avec sérieux les questions restées en suspens quant à sa traductibilité et de conceptualiser celle-ci dans le contexte de la poésie chinoise contemporaine, qui, à plusieurs égards, est l'histoire d'un rajeunissement opéré par le biais de la poésie occidentale traduite. Dans son article, l'auteur suggère que la traductibilité du poète réside en premier lieu dans le langage littéraire que l'on appellait vers la fin des années soixante "le style traduction", un style utilisé en guise de protestation contre le langage de l'autorité propre à la Chine de Mao. C'est sur cette toile de fond que l'auteur analyse l'utilisation de la traductibilité comme moyen d'aborder et de critiquer la poésie de Bei Dao. En somme, la traduction de la poésie est une forme d'interprétation idéalisée, très limitée par les informations accessibles au traducteur. Si la poésie de Bei Dao se traduit aisément en anglais, c'est précisément parce qu'elle a été traduite avec toutes les lacunes, erreurs et ambiguïtés qui abondent dans les textes du poète chinois.

1999 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 86-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ione Mylonas Shear

The structures along the west side of the Athenian Akropolis have long delighted visitors approaching the site and have challenged scholars for generations. By happy coincidence a variety of different studies has recently been published which emphasized different aspects of the approaches to the citadel and once again remind us of the many problems still remaining to be solved.Ira S. Mark concentrated on the shrine of the Athena Nike. He dealt primarily with the Mycenaean bastion enclosed within the later ashlar masonry of the classical podium, the various early remains of the shrine, which lie roughly 1.30 m. below the floor level of the classical temple, and the historical background of the temple itself. He published a few of the many early drawings of the bastion made by Nikolaos Balanos and his associates and re-examined the early walls crowning the archaic bastion, which he divided into various stages. Although, in my opinion, his chronology needs adjustment, his division of the walls built along the edges of the basion into different phases helps us to understand in more detail the history of the site and is a welcome addition. One of these earlier walls, which had long been considered to be Mycenaean, was dated by Mark to a much later phase (Fig. 1, 15). He suggested that the wall was a post-Mycenaean addition built in this position to enclose the east side of the shrine. This wall lies parallel to the West Cyclopean Wall and had been thought to represent the eastern limit of the bastion. The fragmentary remains of this wall, which are no longer visible, were originally recorded by Panagiotis Kavvadias and Georg Kawerau and its existence has bedeviled all attempts to restore a Mycenaean gate in this area.


1952 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-138
Author(s):  
K. P. K. Whitaker

Thetsyr are a comparatively late development in the history of Chinese poetry and less well known in the West than the shy, of which many translations exist. It may be interesting to look at a few examples of tsyr and a few elementary rules of their composition so as to be able to distinguish them from shy and to appreciate their special qualities.


Author(s):  
David Porter

This chapter begins with an overview of the nineteenth-century history of the idea of China as an ‘aesthetic’ culture, or one that might be best apprehended through an aesthetic lens, in contrast to the ‘theoretical’ disposition of the West. In order to examine the function of the idea of a ‘Chinese aesthetic’ for Modernist writers, and the Bloomsbury group in particular, it focuses on Lytton Strachey’s play The Son of Heaven (1913), asking what imaginative needs does it serve and which characteristic features of Modernism the ‘Chinese aesthetic’ enables or brings to the foreground? In doing so it explains the origins of the early 20c obsession with Chinese poetry of the Tang dynasty, and how this poetry came to embody the notion of a Chinese civilizational aesthetic.


1963 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Robert H. G. Lee

A leading figure in the field of modern Chinese philosophy, Fung Yu-lan (Feng Yu-lan) has lived and worked amidst the intellectual and political tensions which have characterised the recent history of his country. His major work, Chung-kuo Che-hsueh Shih (History of Chinese Philosophy), was published in the 1930s, and is known in the West through the monumental translation into English prepared by Professor Derk Bodde of the University of Pennsylvania. Fung's technical philosophical theories were defined and articulated in his wartime writings during the 1940s. Like many of the leading Chinese intellectuals, he has now embraced Marxism-Leninism, the new orthodoxy which provides the doctrinal creed for contemporary China even as Confucianism did for the scholar-officials of the imperial period.


2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
R. J. CLEEVELY

A note dealing with the history of the Hawkins Papers, including the material relating to John Hawkins (1761–1841) presented to the West Sussex Record Office in the 1960s, recently transferred to the Cornwall County Record Office, Truro, in order to be consolidated with the major part of the Hawkins archive held there. Reference lists to the correspondence of Sibthorp-Hawkins, Hawkins-Sibthorp, and Hawkins to his mother mentioned in The Flora Graeca story (Lack, 1999) are provided.


2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-358
Author(s):  
WEN-CHIN OUYANG

I begin my exploration of ‘Ali Mubarak (1823/4–1893) and the discourses on modernization ‘performed’ in his only attempt at fiction, ‘Alam al-Din (The Sign of Religion, 1882), with a quote from Guy Davenport because it elegantly sums up a key theoretical principle underpinning any discussion of cultural transformation and, more particularly, of modernization. Locating ‘Ali Mubarak and his only fictional work at the juncture of the transformation from the ‘traditional’ to the ‘modern’ in the recent history of Arab culture and of Arabic narrative, I find Davenport's pronouncement tantalizingly appropriate. He not only places the stakes of history and geography in one another, but simultaneously opens up the imagination to the combined forces of time and space that stand behind these two distinct yet related disciplines.


2015 ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. D. Mats ◽  
I. M. Yefimova ◽  
A. A. Kulchitskii

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-112
Author(s):  
Pierre Legendre

"Der Beitrag reevaluiert die «dogmatische Funktion», eine soziale Funktion, die mit biologischer und kultureller Reproduktion und folglich der Reproduktion des industriellen Systems zusammenhängt. Indem sie sich auf der Grenze zwischen Anthropologie und Rechtsgeschichte des Westens situiert, nimmt die Studie die psychoanalytische Frage nach der Rolle des Rechts im Verhalten des modernen Menschen erneut in den Blick. </br></br>This article reappraises the dogmatic function, a social function related to biological and cultural reproduction and consequently to the reproduction of the industrial system itself. On the borderline of anthropology and of the history of law – applied to the West – this study takes a new look at the question raised by psychoanalysis concerning the role of law in modern human behaviour. "


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