John Brinsley

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Comprehensive Account ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lengthy Discussion

Summary John Brinsley (1566-c.1630) seems to have been the first English scholar to publish a comprehensive language-teaching course for students of Latin. His first textbook, which appeared in 1612, was a lengthy discussion of teaching method; it was followed by a grammar, and by translations of Latin texts of varying degrees of difficulty, arranged in a special format to assist private study. His last publication was a dictionary devoted to the kind of vocabulary relevant to the practical needs of the early 17th century, when Latin was still the language of the professions. So valuable did English schoolmasters find his works — which also stressed the necessity of studying the vernacular — that they were reprinted two or three times, and one (the grammar) reached a fifteenth edition. But they did not attain the continuing success which they deserved, because they were superseded from the 1630’s by the textbooks of Jan Amos Comenius (1592–1670) which were more specifically directed towards the growing scientific interests of the seventeenth century. Although the name of Brinsley has long been known to historians of education, no comprehensive account has previously been given of his writings or of his biography. This study is an attempt to supply more detailed information about both, and to assess his importance in the history of applied linguistics.

scholarly journals "Monarchists" and "Republicans" in the Western European Political and Legal Thought of the 17th Century

Lex Russica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-150
Author(s):  
I. V. Galkin
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western European ◽  
Revolutionary Situation

The paper is devoted to the problem of theoretical approaches to monarchical and republican forms of government that were reflected in the works of representatives of Western European political thought of the 17th century. The seventeenth century is the century that opens the period of Modern Times. It was a turning point not only in the history of Western European civilization, but also in the history of philosophical knowledge and "positive" sciences, including in such a specific field as political thought, which developed at the intersection of philosophy and science. The political theory of the period, was able to rise to the realization of the objective of the imperfection of existing political institutions and give its recommendations for addressing the identified deficiencies, as far as it was possible in terms of initial imperfections is given to us in sensations of the world. The political thought of the historical period under consideration showed a lively theoretical polemic between the supporters of the monarchical and republican forms of government. The revolutionary situation developed in some of the advanced European states during the alarming seventeenth century made it possible to understand the advantages or disadvantages of the existing forms of government. It seems quite natural that the formation of the theoretical views of specific political thinkers or jurists was formed under the influence of the dominant ideology (or competing ideologies) of that time. Moreover, it should be noted that the monarchist or republican views of specific authors are not always theoretically well-reasoned, but are often based on the subjective preferences of thinkers. Thus, this paper highlights a rather ambiguous problem of the features of monarchical and republican forms of government in the political thought of the 17th century.

scholarly journals Methods and Approaches of Teaching English: a Historical Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-98
Author(s):  
Omar A. Albukbak ◽  
Amel M. Msimeer
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Method ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Teaching Learning

It might be quite difficult to say that one teaching method or approach is the best to be adopted in English classes. A little knowledge of the history of these methods and approaches can lead to unsuccessful application inside language classrooms. Therefore, this methodological research paper presents a historical background of some teaching methods and approaches which have been used in language education throughout history of teaching/learning English. It introduces the principles on which each teaching method and approach is based. Furthermore, it provides details about the advantages and disadvantages of each method and approach besides their limitations. The paper deals with only five methods and approaches of teaching English because of the limited number of pages determined by the journal. Namely they are: Grammar Translation Method, Direct Method, Oral Approach and Situational Language Teaching, Audio-Lingual Method, and Communicative Language Teaching. Finally, the paper ends with a conclusion showing the result of its research and intended work to be done in the near future.

Applied Linguistics in the Classroom

PMLA ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Moulton
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Method ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
General Topic ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
As If

When our Secretary, George Winchester Stone, asked me last July to address this meeting on the general topic of language teaching and linguistics, it was only with considerable hesitation that I finally agreed to accept. There has been far too much loose talk recently about the application of linguistics to language teaching, and I did not wish to add to it. In some circles linguistics has turned into a sort of fad. There are those who talk of the “linguistic method” of language teaching, as if to oppose it to some hypothetical “non-linguistic method” used in the benighted past. And at meetings of language teachers, bright young things walk up to me and ask, apparently in all seriousness: “Excuse me, professor, but would you please tell me how linguistics handles the subjunctive?” Needless to say, I have no answers to such questions; they merely embarrass me. Linguistics is not a teaching method, but a growing body of knowledge and theory; and though it may offer helpful answers to some of the problems of language teaching, it surely does not know all the answers.

scholarly journals Nuevos textos literarios asturianos del XVII y un nuevo testimonio del entremés de L'Alcalde

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Juan C. Busto Cortina
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
The Real ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The University ◽  
Do So

A partir de la reciente publicación de dos ediciones de poesía asturiana del siglo XVII, se examinan y sistematizan algunas informaciones sobre los poetas que participaron en los certámenes poéticos de 1639, 1665 y 1666. Los treinta años que separan uno y otros certámenes, y el ámbito jesuita donde se desarrolla el primero, hizo que muy pocos de los poetas que intervinieron en el de 1639 participasen en los que tuvieron lugar en la segunda mitad de siglo, hasta hace poco los únicos conocidos. Se pone en relación este tipo de poesía celebrativa que se compone en asturiano con lo que se produce en otros lugares de España. En el ámbito universitario salmantino se acogen textos en sayagués y también se emplea el sayagués (junto con el asturiano) en el certamen ovetense de 1639, en lo que pudo tener que ver la procedencia salmantina de su compilador, el P. Andrés Mendo. Sin embargo, mientras el sayagués pierde importancia en su uso literario a lo largo del XVII (ello se ve claramente en los villancicos), el empleo de otras lenguas irá en cambio en aumento a partir de este siglo. Ello es manifiesto en Galicia, en Navarra y en Asturias, cuyas lenguas vernáculas tendrán cabida en diversos certámenes durante este periodo. Se destaca el interés de otra nueva celebración poética de la que no había noticia hasta ahora: la que tiene lugar con la llegada a Asturias del obispo Ambrosio Ignacio de Spínola. En este contexto surge el nombre de un poeta completamente ignorado: Juan García de Prada, que muestra seguir de cerca el magisterio de Marirreguera en el uso de la octava real y de otros recursos literarios. Se dedica una especial atención al surgimiento de los primeros testimonios literarios manuscritos en asturiano que deben ser datados en la segunda mitad del XVII. Asimismo, se examina el caso particular de alguna obra regueriana: el Romance a Santa Eulalia de Mérida y el entremés de El Alcalde. De este entremés se ofrece una versión inédita contenida en un manuscrito de la primera mitad del XVIII, primer testimonio manuscrito de una obra de Marirreguera. Este testimonio presenta algunos rasgos lingüísticos (el empleo del pronombre -ye en función de dativo) que también aparecen en los poemas de García de Prada de la segunda mitad del XVII.Palabras clave: poesía asturiana del XVII; poesía celebrativa; Juan García de Prada; Andrés Mendo; Marirreguera; historia de la lengua asturiana; teatro de ‘entremés’.From the recent publication of two editions of Asturian poetry of the 17th century, some information on the poets who participated in the poetic contests of 1639, 1665 and 1666 are examined and systematized. The thirty years that separate one and other contests, and the Jesuit area where the first one was developed, made that very few of the poets who intervened in the one of 1639 could do so in those that took place in the second half of the century, the only ones known till recent times. This type of celebratory poetry that is composed in Asturian relates with what is produced in other places of Spain. In the University of Salamanca, texts are given in Sayagués, and the Sayagués (together with the Asturian) is also used in the competition of Oviedo in 1639, with which the Salmantine origin of its compiler, Fr. Andrés Mendo, could have had somethings to do. However, while the Sayagués lost importance in its literary use throughout the seventeenth century (this is clearly seen in the villancicos), the use of other languages will gradually increase from this century on. This is evident in Galicia, Pamplona and Asturias whose vernacular languages will have room in various competitions during this period. The interest of another new poetic celebration of which unknown is highlights: the one that takes place with the arrival in Asturias of the bishop Ambrosio Ignacio de Spínola. In this context comes the name of a completely ignored poet: Juan García de Prada, who shows to follow closely the magisterium of Marirreguera in the use of the real octave and other literary resources. Particular attention is given to the emergence of the first literary manuscripts testimonies in Asturian that must be dated in the second half of the xvii. Also the particular case of some Marirreguera’s work is examined: the «Romance to Santa Eulalia of Mérida» and the «El Alcalde» entremés. From this entremés an unpublished version contained in a manuscript of the first half of the xviii, first manuscript testimony of a work of Marirreguera is offered. This testimony presents some linguistic features (the use of the pronoun -ye in function of dative) that also appear in the poems of García de Prada of the second half of the xvii.Keywords: Asturian poetry of the 17th century; celebratory poetry; Juan García de Prada; Andrés Mendo; Marirreguera; history of the Asturian language; theatrical ‘entremés’.

Book Reviews: Turning the wheel of history

1996 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-250
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

Michael Hunter, Science and the Shape of Orthodoxy: Intellectual Change in Late Seventeenth-century Britain . Woodbridge, The Boydell Press, 1995. Pp. xii+345, £55.00. ISBN 0-85115-594-5 Michael Hunter assembles in his new volume 15 chapters, under four heads, from articles and book reviews published over the period 1971-1992. Hitherto unpublished material appears in an introduction and two of the chapters. The introduction explains the provenance of the chapters and their historical significance in relation to ‘A new theory of intellectual change’. The new theory suggests that the intellectual history of Britain during the 17th century may be better understood from the individual case studies Hunter offers, rather than broad generalizations supported by accumulated instances, as provided, for example, by Keith Thomas in his Religion and the Decline and the Decline of Magic (1971).

The Ancient Model – an Aesthetic Program and Method of Teaching During the 17th Century

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoaneta Ancheva ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Artist's Books ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Art Academies

During the 17th century there was a change in the style and the aesthetic principles as well as in the canon, the proportions and the type of the figures depicted. In fact, towards the end of the seventeenth century, studying the ancient models took priority over the study of nature. The “Ancient Model” became not only a teaching method in the art academies, but also an aesthetic base for shaping the style and the manners of work. This is something we can see in the illustrative parts of the anatomy for artist’s books of the era. The presence of images of emblematic ancient sculptures becomes almost obligatory.

scholarly journals Evolución de la metodologia de la enseñanza de las lenguas extranjeras

2018 ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Karolina Janowska
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
New Method ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
History Of

This article reviews the evolution of the most popular methods of teaching foreign languages in Europe. The history of language teaching was marked by continuous methodological changes resulting from the search for an ideal teaching method and various language currents and psychological approaches prevailing at the time of their occurrence. This discipline went through various stages, the most significant of which took place in the twentieth century, to develop a new method for more effective learning, which led to the development of a methodology that would provide clarification of answers to questions raised in the field of language learning. In recent years, what has been distinguished is a task-based language teaching field that provides students with ideal opportunities for developing communication skills and effective learning.

scholarly journals Continuity between Early Paulicianism and the Seventeenth-Century Bulgarian Paulicians: the Paulician Legend of Rome and the Ritual of the Baptism by Fire

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 657-679
Author(s):  
Hristo Saldzhiev
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Belief System ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Early History ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religious Sect ◽  
Shed Light

During the Middle Ages two dualistic communities were active in Bulgaria and Bulgarian lands – Bogomils and Paulicians. Paulicians, unlike Bogomils, survived as a separate religious sect up to the 17th century, when most of them gradually accepted Catholicism. The detailed reports of Catholic missionaries, priests and bishops shed light on different aspects of their beliefs and practices from the 17th century. The aim of the present article is to propose an explanation of a strange ritual and a legend spread among the Bulgarian Paulicians and recorded in the above-mentioned reports. The thesis of the article is that the legend and the ritual in question refer to the early history of Paulicianism. The ritual is related to syncretic religious notions and goes beyond the scope of dualism. I try to examine the legend and ritual in the context of Paulician history in the Balkans, especially in the context of Paulician belief system, inherited from the early Anatolian Paulicians.

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