Learning vocabulary in spoken input- and output-based tasks

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong Thao Duong ◽  
Maribel Montero Perez ◽  
Piet Desmet ◽  
Elke Peters
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Learning Gains ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Oral Form ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Subsequent Task

Abstract This experimental study explores the differential effects of spoken input-based and output-based tasks on vocabulary knowledge. The study also investigates whether such tasks result in more learning gains than exposure to input-only (no subsequent task). The study employed a pretest-posttest design with two groups: an experimental group (n = 32) who completed both input- and output-based tasks in a counterbalanced way and a comparison group (n = 12) who were only exposed to L2 input. Vocabulary gains were measured at three levels of sensitivity: oral spontaneous use, oral form recall and meaning recall. The findings showed that participants who were only exposed to L2 input learned significantly fewer words than participants who completed the input-based and output-based tasks. No difference in learning gains was found between the input-based and output-based tasks.

scholarly journals Differential Effects of Input-based and Output-based Tasks on L2 Vocabulary Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-144
Author(s):  
Phuong-Thao Duong ◽  
Maribel Montero Perez ◽  
Piet Desmet ◽  
Elke Peters
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Online Learning Environment ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
L2 Vocabulary ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Recall Level

This paper reports on a quasi-experimental study that explored the differential effects of input- and output-based tasks on L2 vocabulary learning. The study adopted a pretest- posttest within-participants design, with sixty Vietnamese EFL university students. Participants in the experimental group completed four input and four output tasks in an online learning environment. The target items (ten single words and ten compounds) were counterbalanced across the tasks. The study measured vocabulary gains at four levels of sensitivity: spontaneous use of the target items, form recall, meaning recall and meaning recognition. The analyses showed that the input-based tasks resulted in higher vocabulary gains at the meaning recall level, whereas the output-based tasks resulted in better scores at the form recall level. No difference was found in the spontaneous use and meaning recognition tests.

Quasi-Experimental study of effects of lighting on rest, activity and melatonin in postpartum women

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Furtado Volcov ◽  
Eliana Moreira Pinheiro ◽  
Miriam Harumi Tsunemi ◽  
Fernanda Gaspar do Amaral ◽  
Ariane Ferreira Machado Avelar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Light Regimen ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objectives: to compare the parameters of the activity/rest cycle of early postpartum breastfeeding women under a controlled and uncontrolled long wavelength ray light regimen. Methods: quasi-experimental study with breastfeeding women and their babies during postnatal rooming-in, São Paulo, Brazil. Participants were allocated to either an experimental (intervention) or a comparison group. The intervention involved exposure of the woman in a controlled room with artificial long wavelength ray light at night. Each woman’s level of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin at 24 hours and activity/rest times was analyzed. Results: the mean activity/rest times of women in the experimental and comparison groups were similar. The mean percentages of total load of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin during the day and night were similar (p=0.09). At 24 hours, the experimental group presented a significantly lower mean percentage of total load compared to the comparison group (p=0.04). Conclusions: women who stayed in the room with long-wavelength artificial light showed no difference in activity/rest and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin levels in the early postpartum period.

scholarly journals SCHOOL HEALTH PROMOTION: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CLEAN AND HEALTHY LIVING BEHAVIOR AMONG ELEMENTARY STUDENTS IN JAYAPURA, PAPUA, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
Ellen Rosawita Veronica Purba ◽  
Lely Lusmilasari ◽  
Janatin Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Elementary Students ◽  
School Health ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
School Health Promotion ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: The Indonesian government has launched a clean and healthy living behavior program as one of the efforts for school health promotion. However, the healthy behaviors of the elementary students remain low. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of audiovisual-based education on the knowledge and attitudes of clean and healthy behavior in elementary students.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest comparison group design conducted from 1 October to 17 October 2018. A total sample of 272 students was selected using purposive sampling, with 136 assigned in an experimental group (audiovisual group) and a comparison group (poster only group). Knowledge and attitudes of clean and healthy living behavior were measured using validated questionnaires. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test and independent t-test.Results: There was a significant effect of the interventions given in the experimental and comparison group on knowledge and attitude of clean and healthy living behavior (p<0.05). However, the experimental group showed a higher mean score compared to the comparison group in knowledge and attitudes, which indicated that the use of audiovisual-based education was more effective than the use of poster alone in improving the knowledge and attitudes of clean and healthy living behavior.Conclusion: The students who received audiovisual-based education had higher knowledge and attitudes of clean and healthy living behavior than those who only received poster-based education. This study provides input for pediatric and community nurses to provide better health education for the community, specifically for school health promotion.

Extracting multiword expressions from texts with the aid of online resources

2019 ◽  
Vol 171 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuy Bui ◽  
Frank Boers ◽  
Averil Coxhead
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Online Resources ◽  
Learning Gains ◽  
Classroom Intervention ◽  
Multiword Expressions ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract This article reports on a classroom intervention where L2 learners were prompted to look for multiword expressions in texts. The participants were two intact classes of Vietnamese learners of English as a foreign language. Over a period of eight weeks, the experimental group (n = 26) looked for expressions in texts, while the comparison group (n = 28) used the same texts for content-related activities. In pairs, students in the experimental group consulted online dictionaries and an online corpus to help them determine which word strings in the texts were common expressions. The students’ worksheets and audio-recorded interactions suggest they were by and large successful at this, but also reveal the students found it hard to identify the boundaries of expressions and occasionally failed to find the dictionary (sub-)entries that matched them. The two groups’ ability to recall the expressions was gauged by comparing their scores on a pre-test and a post-test administered one week after the last class and again five months later. The learning gains were greater in the experimental group, although the difference fell short of significance in the delayed post-test. Students in the experimental group whose proficiency in English was relatively high tended to benefit the most.

Effectiveness of empathy enhancement programs for social workers working with older adults: A quasi-experimental study

2020 ◽  
pp. 146801732094059
Author(s):  
Areum Han ◽  
Tae Hui Kim
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Compassion Satisfaction ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Group

Summary Empathy is an essential attribute required for care providers to provide quality care and effective relationship-based practice. Cognitive empathy is understanding another person’s experiences, concerns, and perspectives, and affective empathy is sharing another person’s emotion. Cognitive empathy was found to be a significant protector to burnout and stress, while affective empathy was found to be a significant contributor to compassion satisfaction among social workers. This quasi-experimental study assessed the effectiveness of two empathy enhancement programs on 105 social workers working with older adults in South Korea. The experimental group (n = 52) received a simulation-based empathy enhancement program along with a brief mindfulness practice session, and the comparison group (n = 53) watched a 30-minute-long educational video about empathy. Data were collected prior to and two weeks after the intervention. Findings The experimental group showed significantly lower levels of psychosocial stress compared to the comparison group. It also showed significantly higher levels of cognitive empathy and significantly lower levels of compassion fatigue at posttest. Furthermore, the comparison group demonstrated significantly higher levels of a unidimensional factor of empathy, compassion satisfaction, and caring efficacy at posttest. Application Pre- and post-test differences, in different outcome measures from the groups, indicate the benefits of each empathy enhancement program on social workers working with older adults. In particular, the present study validates that the simulation-based empathy enhancement program can enhance the cognitive empathy of social workers and reduce burnout and stress. A further randomized controlled trial study is needed to examine the program’s effectiveness with minimal bias and confounding factors.

scholarly journals Benefits of breast milk for prevention of sore nipple & association with their demographic variables: A quasi-experimental study

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Javaid Ahmad Mir ◽  
Nadiya Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Postnatal Mothers ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Sample Characteristics ◽  
The Right ◽  
Experimental Group

A newborn baby has only three demands. They are warmth in the arms of his mother, food from her breasts and security in the knowledge of her presence. Breastfeeding satisfies all three. While breastfeeding may not seem the right choice for every parent, it is the choice for every baby because it fulfills the physical needs as well as psychotic complementary of the child. The study aimedto find out the association of nipple soreness in experimental group and comparison group in terms of sample characteristics of postnatal mothers. A quasi experimental study was conducted on 70 postnatal mothers, (35 in experimental group and 35 in the comparison group) who breast feeds their babies were selected conveniently. Feeding pattern was assessed by LATCH scale four times in a day followed by the application of hind milk minimum four times in a day for three or four days as per discharge day of mother. The mother was asked to rub hind milk on nipples after feeding the baby and letting it air dry in front of researcher and nipple soreness scale was used to check the sore nipple at third and fifth day or at the day of discharge. Follow up of postnatal mothers was done telephonically by using interview questionnaire on day 15 in both groups. Study findings revealed that on 3rd day, the mean nipple soreness score was higher in comparison group (1.45) than experimental group (0.10) and thus there was significant difference (t value = 3.87) in nipple soreness score.Study concluded that breast milk application was effective in preventing sore nipples among postnatal mothers. Hence, it can be recommended to use breast milk for the prevention of sore nipple.

INCIDENTAL LEARNING OF COLLOCATIONS FROM MEANINGFUL INPUT

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duy Van Vu ◽  
Elke Peters
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Incidental Learning ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Learning Gains ◽  
Input Enhancement ◽  
Graded Readers ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract This longitudinal study investigates the effect of mode of reading on the incidental learning of collocations and factors that affect learning. One hundred Vietnamese pre-intermediate learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) were assigned to either an experimental group or a control group (no treatment). In 9 weeks, the experimental group read three graded readers containing 32 target collocations in three counterbalanced reading modes: reading-only, reading-while-listening, and reading with textual input enhancement (i.e., underlining). Learning gains were measured by a form recall pretest and delayed posttest. The results showed that reading mode had a significant effect on incidental collocation learning. Reading with textual input enhancement resulted in significantly higher learning gains than the other reading modes. Reading-while-listening was also more beneficial for collocation learning than reading-only. Learners’ prior vocabulary knowledge and congruency of collocations were significant predictors of the learning gains.

THE ROLES OF MODIFIED INPUT AND OUTPUT IN THE INCIDENTAL ACQUISITION OF WORD MEANINGS

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod Ellis ◽  
Xien He
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Vocabulary Acquisition ◽  
Word Meanings ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
New Words ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Dialogic Interaction

This article reports an experimental study of the differential effects of premodified input, interactionally modified input, and modified output on the comprehension of directions in a listen-and-do task and the acquisition of new words embedded in the directions. The modified output group achieved higher comprehension and vocabulary acquisition scores than either of the input groups. There was no difference between the premodified and interactionally modified input groups. The advantage of the modified output group is explained in terms of the qualitatively superior dialogic interaction that occurred in this condition rather than in terms of actual language production.

scholarly journals The Use of Flashcards and Numbered Heads Together Technique to Improve Students' Vocabulary Knowledge

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Rudi Wibowo Aji ◽  
Alief Noor Farida
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Change Score ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Seventh Grade ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Group

This quasi experimental study aims to find out the effectiveness of the use of Flashcards collaborated with Numbered Heads Together Technique compared to the use of only Flashcards to improve seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Tulis, Batang vocabulary knowledge. The data was obtained through pre-test and post-test. Conventional change score data analysis showed that the control group achieved better vocabulary knowledge improvement result with 3.42 compare to 2.66 improvement result of experimental group. Likewise, the data analysis using process-oriented change score by Frost (2014) also favour the control group with 22% improvement than the experimental group with 19% improvement. Thus, Flashcards is more effective than Flashcards collaborated with Numbered Heads Together Technique to improve students’ vocabulary knowledge. Keywords: flashcards; Numbered Heads Together; vocabulary knowledge; quasi experimental research  

In a Working Mood?

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Reinecke ◽  
Sabine Trepte
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mood Management ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Personal Media ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Subsequent Task

Abstract. This quasi-experimental study examined the effects of exposure to a computer game on arousal and subsequent task performance. After inducing a state of low arousal, participants were assigned to experimental or control conditions via self-selection. Members of the experimental group played a computer game for five minutes; subjects in the control group spent the same amount of time awaiting further instructions. Participants who were exposed to the computer game showed significantly higher levels of arousal and performed significantly better on a subsequent cognitive task. The pattern of results was not influenced by the participants' prior experience with the game. The findings indicate that mood-management processes associated with personal media use at the workplace go beyond the alteration of arousal and affect subsequent cognitive performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document