Organization and management of nursing services in NICU, levels of transport

Neonatal Intensive Care is defined as, “care for medically unstable and critically ill newborns requiring constant nursing, complicated surgical procedures, continual respiratory support, or other intensive interventions.” A NICU is a unit that provides high quality skilled care to critically ill neonates by offering facilities for continuous clinical, biochemical and radio logical monitoring and use of life support systems with the aim of improving survival of these babies. Intermediate care includes care of ill infants requiring less constant nursing care, but does not exclude respiratory support. Care of ill infants requiring less constant nursing care, but does not exclude respiratory support. When an intensive care nursery is available, the intermediate nursery serves as a “step down unit” from the intensive care area.

Simulation in pediatric nursing education: Are there enough evidence for future practice?

Research on simulation is still a developing field in nursing and simulation-based learning is gaining momentum with its application over the past two decades in nursing education. Simulation is utilized as a method of training, by helping the learners for competent practice and to improve patient safety, but not much evidence is available for its application in pediatric nursing education.This study aimed to (1) describe the application of simulation in teaching pediatric nursing education and (2) explore the evidence for its application in developing clinical competencies and skills in nursing students taking pediatric courses.A literature search was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, Science Direct & ProQuest for the relevant articles available on the internet. Descriptive, experimental, and systematic reviews concerning simulation in pediatric nursing were included.Mixed results were cited in studies about imparting the knowledge concerning the applicability of simulation in pediatric nursing courses. Available evidence shows that simulation can improve the competency of students in clinical practice and in improving patient care outcomes and communication skills. There is a paucity of studies about the applicability of simulation in pediatric nursing education. Simulation is found to be a useful strategy in providing a near-to-real experience for the students to practice high-risk, rare procedural skills in pediatric nursing education. However, further, evidence is required to replace clinical practice experience with simulation, for sustained improvement in patient care outcomes, and in critical thinking and knowledge retention in nursing students.

A descriptive study to assess the knowledge regarding post COVID complications among adults in the state of Maharashtra

A non experimental survey study was conducted to assess the satisfaction of student nurses’ worked at Covid-19 areas during pandemic situation. 116 student nurses’ have participated in this study. The non-probability convenient sampling technique was used. Data was collected by means of Google form. The tool contain two sections, demographic data and likert scale to assess satisaction level of student nurses’. Objectives of study were to assess the student nurses’ satisfaction level related to clinical posting at covid-19 areas, and to find out the association of satisfaction level with selected demographic variables. The study reveals that out of 116 student nurses’ 28 (24.13%) of them were very satisfied with the clinical posting at covid- 19 areas, 53(45.68%) of them were satisfied, whereas 30 (25.86%) of them were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, and only 5 (4.31%) of them were dissatisfied. The study concludes most of the student nurses’ were satisfied with all the aspects but dissatisfaction was also noticed. 22(18.96%) of student nurses’ were dissatisfied with the administrative support at assigned hospital. In regard to availability of resources at the hospital and use of PPE kit during working hours 26 (22.41%) 0f student nurses’ reported as dissatisfied. 21(18.10%) of student nurses’ were dissatisfied with covid-19 screening carried out before and after clinical. Also in provision of facilities in quarantines period were reported as dissatisfied by 30(25.86%) of student nurses.

Benefits of breast milk for prevention of sore nipple & association with their demographic variables: A quasi-experimental study

A newborn baby has only three demands. They are warmth in the arms of his mother, food from her breasts and security in the knowledge of her presence. Breastfeeding satisfies all three. While breastfeeding may not seem the right choice for every parent, it is the choice for every baby because it fulfills the physical needs as well as psychotic complementary of the child. The study aimedto find out the association of nipple soreness in experimental group and comparison group in terms of sample characteristics of postnatal mothers. A quasi experimental study was conducted on 70 postnatal mothers, (35 in experimental group and 35 in the comparison group) who breast feeds their babies were selected conveniently. Feeding pattern was assessed by LATCH scale four times in a day followed by the application of hind milk minimum four times in a day for three or four days as per discharge day of mother. The mother was asked to rub hind milk on nipples after feeding the baby and letting it air dry in front of researcher and nipple soreness scale was used to check the sore nipple at third and fifth day or at the day of discharge. Follow up of postnatal mothers was done telephonically by using interview questionnaire on day 15 in both groups. Study findings revealed that on 3rd day, the mean nipple soreness score was higher in comparison group (1.45) than experimental group (0.10) and thus there was significant difference (t value = 3.87) in nipple soreness score.Study concluded that breast milk application was effective in preventing sore nipples among postnatal mothers. Hence, it can be recommended to use breast milk for the prevention of sore nipple.

Case report on bilateral cleft palate with protuded premaxilla

Cleft palate (ICD 10-Q 35.9) with Protruding of premaxilla is common feature in patient with bilateral cleft lip and palate it is due to the under trained growth at anterior nasal septal and vomero-premaxillary suture without lateral continuities. Hippocrates (400BC) AND Galen(150AD) mansion cleft lip, but not cleft palate in their writing, Cleft palate –Fanco.(1556), Repair of cleft lip –as early as 255-206 BC in CHINA. The first successful closure of a soft palate defect was reported in 1764 by LEMONNIERa French dentist.

Impact of COVID 19 on differently-abled children and their parents: A research review

Current Covid -19 pandemic has disrupted life in every corner of the world and will likely affect those children with preexisting disabilities. About 40% of differently-abled students are planning to drop out of schools because of difficulties they are facing in online education. The social distancing measures implemented by many countries have caused social isolation among children and had resulted in increased anxiety; stress and relapse of preexisting issues. This study aimed a) To Review the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on differently-abled children and their parents b) Discuss alternative measures for delivering health services for differently-abled children A literature review through online sources of the database. Studies published from January 2020 up to October 2021 where included The review revealed that lack of socialization due to social distancing creates anxiety, stress, and depression among children and their parents. As schools have been suspended children with disabilities were not able to practice their learned skills which they attained through special education. Tele-medicine and Tele-rehabilitation activities may help to lower the prevalence of mental health issues among children and their parents Everyday life of individuals across the globe has been severely affected due to the covid 19 pandemic. Amidst this, it becomes important to keep children with physical and mental disabilities not only physically safe but also looks after their psychological and emotional well-being.

Physical growth in thalassemic children of 2-12 years with multiple transfusions

The hemoglobinopathies are the most common single-gene defect in man. The thalassemia syndromes are a heterogeneous group of hereditary disorder due to decreased synthesis of either α or β globin chain of Hb A. There are 3 phases of growth disturbances and have three different etiologies. First phase: growth disturbances is mainly due to hypoxia, anaemia, ineffective erythropoiesis and nutritional factors; the Second phase: During late childhood, growth retardation is mainly due to iron overload affecting the GH-IGF-1 axis and other endocrinal complications. Third phase: after the age of 10-11 years, delayed or arrested puberty is an important contributory factor to growth failure in adolescents thalassemic who does not show any growth spurt. Cross-sectional, observational, single-centre, tertiary hospital-based study. Children of thalassemia major of 2-12 years with multiple transfusions was taken over 1 year. Study population was divided into 2 groups: Group1-irregularly transfused; Group 2-regularly transfused. Clinical settings, anthropometry, laboratory tests like serum ferritin, pre-transfusion haemoglobin, total leucocyte count etc. were taken into consideration. Thalassemia children with other comorbidities like tuberculosis, chronic kidney disease, chronic heart diseases etc. were excluded from the study.Among the 200 children, 143 (71.5%) were taking regular (2-4 weekly) transfusion therapy and 57 (28.5%) were taking irregular transfusion (>4weekly). Mean age of diagnosis was 18.66 ± 7.443months in Group 1 (Irregularly transfused) and 18.93 ± 7.218 months in Group 2 (Regularly transfused). Among the regularly transfused thalassemic 17.7% children had W/A < 3 percentile and among the irregularly transfused children it was 15%. Among the irregularly transfused children, 27. 1% and among the regularly transfused children 21.6% had H/A <3rd percentile. In the present study children 61% had normal BMI and only 5.4 % had BMI less than 3rd percentile overall. Among irregularly transfused thalassemic children >10years of age, 86.7% have not attained puberty yet. Among the regularly transfused thalassemic children 96.7% have not attained puberty yet. US and LS individually affected resulting in stunting but it was proportionate innature so US: LS ratio was according to age. A positive correlation between pre-transfusion haemoglobin and W/A and H/A suggested that with decreasing pre-transfusion haemoglobin concentration more child had growth retardation. Mean value of serum Ferritin was 941 ± 608.490 ng/ml in Group 1(Irregularly transfused) and Mean value of serum Ferritin was 1403 ± 685.584ng/ml in Group 2(Regularly transfused). MUAC in the present study was 12.44cm suggesting mild-moderate malnutrition. Extremely variable clinical and haematological findings were observed in these patients. Growth retardation has found in both regularly and irregularly transfused patients. These findings are almost comparable to other Indian studies. Appropriate knowledge regarding prenatal counselling, early diagnosis, regular transfusions and overall treatment can help better management of this group of patients.

Role of pediatric nurse in management of child with special needs

Children facing life with chronic illness and disability are increasing in number. There are multiple factors which are responsible for that. Most of the children survive well into adulthood with early intervention, treatment and care. Pediatric nurses may create excellent professional roles caring for children with special health care needs and their families. The main responsibility will be to provide the children medical care and developmental training so that they can handle basic daily functions and lead happy, healthy lives. The role of a pediatric nurse in this field is not fixed. They may have to carry out different kinds of responsibilities based on the type and extent of special need. Pediatric nurses are responsible for helping children adapt to a hospital setting and prepare them for medical treatment and procedures. These nurses have special training to provide expert care to the child with special needs while working with the family to address their concerns, problems and help them to understand different treatment options and services available for the child with special needs. Pediatric nurses not only focus on the child with special needs but involve themselves in the wellbeing of other family members. They have special training in caring of children, good interacting skills, good empathy, immense love for children, flexibility, having control over their own emotions and stress management skills.

A survey to assess the student nurses’ satisfaction related to clinical posting at Covid-19 areas

A non-experimental survey study was conducted to assess the satisfaction of student nurses’ worked at Covid-19 areas during pandemic situation. 116 student nurses have participated in this study. The non- probability convenient sampling technique was used. Data was collected by means of Google form. The tool contained two sections, demographic data and likert scale to assess satisfaction level of student nurses worked at covid-19 areas. Objectives of study were to assess the student nurses’ satisfaction level related to clinical posting at covid-19 areas, and to find out the association of satisfaction level with selected demographic variables. The study reveals that out of 116 student nurses 28 (24.13%) of them were very satisfied with the clinical posting at covid-19 areas, 53(45.68%) of them were satisfied, whereas 30 (25.86%) of them were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, and only 5 (4.31%) of them were dissatisfied. The study concludes that most of the student nurses were satisfied with all the aspects, but dissatisfaction was also noticed. 22(18.96%) of student nurses’ were dissatisfied with the administrative support at assigned hospital. In regard to availability of resources at the hospital and use of PPE kit during working hours, 26 (22.41%) of student nurses’ reported as dissatisfaction. 21(18.10%) of student nurses’ were dissatisfied with covid-19 screening carried out before and after clinical posting. Also in provision of facilities in quarantines period were reported as dissatisfaction by 30(25.86%) of student nurses.