scholarly journals Effects of condensed tannins prepared from leaves of fodder plants on digestive enzymes in vitro and in the intestine of rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Horigome ◽  
R. Kumar ◽  
K. Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Molecular Forms ◽  
Reynoutria Japonica ◽  
Fodder Plants

1. Of the nineteen plants screened, six were found to contain large quantities of condensed tannins. Black locust (Robinia pseudo-Acacia), bush clover (Lespedeza bicolor), wistaria (Wistaria floribunda) and Japanese knotgrass (Reynoutria japonica) were used for the present experiment. Tannins of the investigated plants were fractionated into three or four molecular forms, according to the degree of polymerization, by chromatography on a column of Sephadex LH-20.2. The protein-precipitating capacity of the fractionated tannins increased with the increase in degree of polymerization. The inhibitory effect of tannins on trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4), a-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) and lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) activities in vitro also increased with the increase in degree of polymerization. The digestion of tannin-bovine serum albumin complex by trypsin was related to the degree of polymerization of tannins complexed.3. Inclusion of black locust tannins in the diet (10 g/kg) depressed the activities of trypsin and α-amylase in the upper, middle and lower parts of the intestine of the rats, but the lipase activity was increased in the middle part and remained unaffected in the upper and lower parts. It is presumed that the tannins have little affinity for lipase.4. Digestion trials, when the microflora level of the alimentary canal of rats was reduced by dietary antibiotic treatment, revealed that the inclusion of tannins in the diet (20 g/kg) depressed the digestibilities of proximate constituents, except crude fat, and increased faecal bile acid excretion.

scholarly journals Use of Tannin-Containing Plants as Antimicrobials Influencing the Animal Health

2022 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Mohammed M Dakheel ◽  
Afnan A Al-Mnaser ◽  
Jessica Quijada ◽  
Martin J Woodward ◽  
Caroline Rymer
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
The Subject

The antimicrobial effects of diverse tannin-containing plants, particularly condensed tannins (CTs) produced from various plants, are the subject of this study. CT components can be determined using CT-specific procedures such the HCl-Butanol Acetone assay, Thiolysis reaction, and HPLC/MS analysis. These methods indicate CT contents, including mean degree of polymerization, the procyanidins and prodelphinidins ratio (PC/PD%), the isomers of trans- and cis-, and CT concentration. Tannin-containing plants possess antibacterial action, which can be attributed to their protein linkage technique, and tannin-type variations, particularly CTs extract and their PC/PD%. The effects of CT components on the development of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have been documented for their relative PC/PD%; this is regarded to be a key predictor of tannin characteristics in terms of antimicrobials. In conclusion, tannins, more specific CT compositions, have significant impacts on in vivo trials of animal productions and utilization of metabolites and fermentation in vitro experiments. These findings need further investigations to fully understand how CT-types act on animal feeding in terms of enhanced nutritional quality of animal diets, which may have implications for human and animal health.

Phytochemical Screening and Anti-Diabetic Efficacy of O. Sanctum Seed Extract on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Kavitha K. ◽  
Ponne S.
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Weight Changes

The present study was designed to assess the in vitro and in vivo anti-diabetic efficacy of <em>O. sanctum</em> seed and its phytochemical screening. In vitro inhibitory effect on carbohydrate digestive enzymes like α-amylase and α-glucosidase and in vivo parameters such as fasting blood glucose and body weight changes were studied, a potent inhibitory effect was observed on activities of digestive enzymes and a marked decrease in the glucose level in the <em>O. sanctum</em> seed extract treated streptozotocin induced diabetic rats was noted. Further a marked reduction in body weight was also observed.

scholarly journals In Vitro Inhibitory Effect on Carbohydrates Digestion and Antioxidant Potential of Garlic Scape (P06-076-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dammah Otieno ◽  
Salma Altuwaijri ◽  
Hye Won Kang
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract Objectives Inhibition of carbohydrate absorption from intestine is an efficient way to prevent type 2 diabetes. Some edible plants have shown the potential as anti-diabetic agents by inhibiting carbohydrate-digestive enzymes in intestine. In terms of edible plant's health effect, bioactive compounds’ stability during the process of digestive enzymes has been commonly questioned. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to 1) examine inhibitory effect of garlic scape (GS), the green flower head of garlic on carbohydrate-degrading enzymes and 2) investigate antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) of GS treated with intestinal digestive enzymes. Methods GS extract (GSE) was prepared with 80% methanol (v/v) by homogenization, sonication, and filtration, and evaporation. α-glucosidase, maltase, glucoamylase, sucrase, α-amylase inhibitory activities were determined by measuring glucose hydrolyzed from nitrophenyl-glucopyranoside, maltose, starch, sucrose, and starch, respectively. To prepare gastrointestinal enzyme-digested GSE, GSE was digested with pepsin and a pancreatin-bile solution. GSE and gastrointestinal enzyme-digested GSE were assessed for TPC using a Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and for total antioxidant and radical scavenging activities by the following methods, phosphomolybdeum, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods, respectively. Results GSE (20 mg/ml) showed 30%, 50%, and 42% inhibition on α-glucosidase, maltase, and glucoamylase enzyme activities, respectively. GSE (50 mg/ml) showed 55.1% DPPH radical and 5782 mg vitamin C equivalent (VCE)/g ABTS radical scavenging activities. Total antioxidant activity of the GSE (1.5 mg/ml) exhibited 2.76 mg VCE/g. Consistent with its antioxidant property, the GSE showed a dose-dependent increase in TPC. Gastrointestinal enzymatic treatment resulted in approximately 46% reduction in DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, and TPC of the GSE. Conclusions Garlic scape has the potential as a natural anti-diabetic agent. Garlic scape keeps beneficial effects after the process of intestinal digestive system. Funding Sources The work was supported by USDA.

scholarly journals In vitro impact of condensed tannins on the caecal metabolites of chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. e174733
Author(s):  
Mohammed Munis Dakheel ◽  
Mohammed Abdalmalek Ali Al-Bedhawi ◽  
Afnan Ahmed Al-Mnaser ◽  
Martin John Woodward ◽  
Marina Mora-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
End Products ◽  
First Time ◽  
Acetate Butyrate

Tannins are a diverse group of plant phenolic compounds. Condensed tannins (CTs) represent a major subgroup of tannins and were extracted from tilia (Tilia L.) flowers and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) leaves. These extracts were examined for their effects on the metabolic profile of chicken caeca. By using in vitro, a nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), which was combined with multivariate statistics, the current study was applied for the first time to investigate how three different CT compositions, procyanidins (PC) and/or prodelphinidins (PD) units influenced the metabolic end-products in caecal contents of chickens. In the presence of tannins, glutamate, leucine, lysine, pyroglutamate, phenylalanine, proline, and sarcosine were significantly decreased. CT extracts significantly influenced the fermentation, increasing the concentrations of some fatty acids such as acetate, butyrate, and propionate whereas. In contrast, lactate decreased between the treatments. This study identified the key structural features of CTs that contain either high molar proportions of PD or PC, which might be useful to improve the efficiency of feed utilization in chickens.

The Inhibitory effect of hydroalcoholic extract from the Algerian Echium trygorrhizum Pomel roots on α-amylase activity.

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allaoua Nouri ◽  
Lakhder Gasmi ◽  
Chawki Bensebini ◽  
Daoud Harzallah ◽  
Seddik Khennouf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract

Background: Species of Echium trygorrhizum Pomel , are used traditionally in Algeria folk medicine for the treatment of Diabetes, Jaundice and Tonsillitis. To our knowledge, no previous study has been conducted out on the pharmacological activities of this species. Objective: The objective of the present research was to evaluate the content of polyphenols , flavonoids and condensed tannins compounds and to assess in vitro the antioxidant activity and the inhibitory effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of this plant, on α-amylase activity, an enzyme responsible for digestion of carbohydrate before the process of intestinal absorption. Methods: Polyphenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins were evaluated spectrophotometrically using Folin–Ciocalteu, the Aluminum chloride and vanillin methods respectively. The antioxidant activity using DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS, Ferric reducing antioxidant power and β- carotene bleaching tests and the assessment of in vitro α- amylase inhibitory potential by an Aspergillus oryzae α- amylase have been studied. Results: The hydroalcoholic crude extract was able to inhibit the α-amylase enzyme in vitro, with an IC50 of 0.56 ± 0.044 mg/ml, in addition the contents of polyphenols and flavonoids were found to be 157.403 ± 0.835 µg GAE/mg extract and 30.156±2.634µg Q E / mg extract, respectively, Whereas the amount of tannins was 65.293 ± 0.883µg Cat E/ mg of dry extract. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the extract is rich in phenolic compounds, which play a really important role in the scavenging of free radicals. It has been reported the inhibitory capacity of hydroalcoholic roots extract on Aspergillus oryzae α-amylase enzyme might be used as a natural agent within the management of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Complex Tannins Isolated from Jelly Fig Achenes Affect Pectin Gelation through Non-Specific Inhibitory Effect on Pectin Methylesterase

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Ta Wang ◽  
You-Jiang Feng ◽  
Ying-Jang Lai ◽  
Nan-Wei Su
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pectin Methylesterase ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Binding Agent ◽  
Crude Aqueous Extract

Jelly fig (Ficus awkeotsang Makino) is used to prepare drinks and desserts in Asia, owing to the gelling capability of its pectin via endogenous pectin methylesterase (PE) catalyzation. Meanwhile, substances with PE inhibitory activity (SPEI) in jelly fig achenes (JFA) residue were noticed to be able to impede the gelation. In this study, we characterized and isolated SPEI from JFA by a series of PE inhibition-guided isolations. Crude aqueous extract of JFA residue was mixed with acetone, and 90% acetone-soluble matter was further fractionated by Diaion HP-20 chromatography. The retained fraction with dominant PE inhibitory activity was collected from 100% methanol eluate. Results from high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) and hydrolysis-induced chromogenic transition revealed the SPEI as complex tannins. Total tannins content was determined in each isolated fraction, and was closely related to PE inhibitory activity. In addition, SPEI in this study could inhibit activities of digestive enzymes in vitro and may, therefore, be assumed to act as non-specific protein binding agent.

scholarly journals Structural features of condensed tannins affectin vitroruminal methane production and fermentation characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (8) ◽  
pp. 1474-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. HUYEN ◽  
C. FRYGANAS ◽  
G. UITTENBOGAARD ◽  
I. MUELLER-HARVEY ◽  
M. W. A. VERSTEGEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Peg Treatment ◽  
Polymer Size

SUMMARYAnin vitrostudy was conducted to investigate the effects of condensed tannin (CT) structural properties, i.e. average polymer size (or mean degree of polymerization), percentage ofcisflavan-3-ols and percentage of prodelphinidins in CT extracts on methane (CH4) production and fermentation characteristics. Condensed tannins were extracted from eight plants in order to obtain different CT types: blackcurrant leaves, goat willow leaves, goat willow twigs, pine bark, redcurrant leaves, sainfoin plants, weeping willow catkins and white clover flowers. They were analysed for CT content and CT composition by thiolytic degradation, followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Grass silage was used as a control substrate. Condensed tannins were added to the substrate at a concentration of 40 g/kg, with or without polyethylene glycol (+ or −PEG 6000 treatment) to inactivate tannins, then incubated for 72 h in mixed buffered rumen fluid from three different lactating dairy cows per run. Total cumulative gas production (GP) was measured by an automated GP system. During the incubation, 12 gas samples (10µl) were collected from each bottle headspace at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 30, 36, 48, 56 and 72 h of incubation and analysed for CH4. A modified Michaelis-Menten model was fitted to the CH4concentration patterns and model estimates were used to calculate total cumulative CH4production (GPCH4). Total cumulative GP and GPCH4curves were fitted using biphasic and monophasic modified Michaelis-Menten models, respectively. Addition of PEG increased GP, GPCH4, and CH4concentration compared with the −PEG treatment. All CT types reduced GPCH4and CH4concentration. All CT increased the half time of GP and GPCH4. Moreover, all CT decreased the maximum rate of fermentation for GPCH4and rate of substrate degradation. The correlation between CT structure and GPCH4and fermentation characteristics showed that the proportion of prodelphinidins within CT had the largest effect on fermentation characteristics, followed by average polymer size and percentage ofcisflavan-3-ols.

In Vitro Inhibitory Effect on Digestive Enzymes and Antioxidant Potential of Commonly Consumed Fruits

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (20) ◽  
pp. 4610-4617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Podsędek ◽  
Iwona Majewska ◽  
Małgorzata Redzynia ◽  
Dorota Sosnowska ◽  
Maria Koziołkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Potential

Inhibitory effects of bioaccessible anthocyanins and procyanidins from apple, red grape, cinnamon on α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Pınar Ercan ◽  
Sedef Nehir El
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Red Grape

Abstract. The goals of this study were to determine and evaluate the bioaccessibility of total anthocyanin and procyanidin in apple (Amasya, Malus communis), red grape (Papazkarası, Vitis vinifera) and cinnamon (Cassia, Cinnamomum) using an in vitro static digestion system based on human gastrointestinal physiologically relevant conditions. Also, in vitro inhibitory effects of these foods on lipid (lipase) and carbohydrate digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) were performed with before and after digested samples using acarbose and methylumbelliferyl oleate (4MUO) as the positive control. While the highest total anthocyanin content was found in red grape (164 ± 2.51 mg/100 g), the highest procyanidin content was found in cinnamon (6432 ± 177.31 mg/100 g) (p < 0.05). The anthocyanin bioaccessibilities were found as 10.2 ± 1%, 8.23 ± 0.64%, and 8.73 ± 0.70% in apple, red grape, and cinnamon, respectively. The procyanidin bioaccessibilities of apple, red grape, and cinnamon were found as 17.57 ± 0.71%, 14.08 ± 0.74% and 18.75 ± 1.49%, respectively. The analyzed apple, red grape and cinnamon showed the inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (IC50 544 ± 21.94, 445 ± 15.67, 1592 ± 17.58 μg/mL, respectively), α-amylase (IC50 38.4 ± 7.26, 56.1 ± 3.60, 3.54 ± 0.86 μg/mL, respectively), and lipase (IC50 52.7 ± 2.05, 581 ± 54.14, 49.6 ± 2.72 μg/mL), respectively. According to our results apple, red grape and cinnamon have potential to inhibit of lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase digestive enzymes.

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