scholarly journals The effect of daily consumption of coconut fat and soya-bean fat on plasma lipids and lipoproteins of young normolipidaemic men

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanthi Mendis ◽  
Ravi Kumarasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol Level ◽  
Total Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
High Intake

The present paper reports the influence on plasma lipids of isoenergetic diets containing 30 YO of energy as fat, with a polyunsaturated: saturated fat ratio of 4.00 or 0.25, consumed for 8 weeks by twenty-five young normolipidaemic males. Approximately 70 % of the fat energy was provided by the test fats: soya-bean fat and coconut fat. During the soya-bean-fat-eating period the total plasma cholesterol level fell significantly compared with baseline values (P< 0.001) and during the coconut-fat-eating phase total plasma cholesterol level increased significantly compared with the soya-bean-eating period (P< 0001).On the soya-bean-fat diet, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol decreased by 15 YO (range 6–35 YO) and plasma triacylglycerols decreased by 25 YO (range 13–37 YO). Results of the present study show that even when the proportion of total fat in the diet is low, a high intake of linoleic acid lowers both total plasma cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, while a high intake of saturated fat elevates both these lipid fractions. Application of regression formulas to the present findings indicates that short-chain saturated fatty acids have a neutral effect on serum cholesterol

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism, Total Plasma Cholesterol Level, and Parkinson Disease Dementia

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Jasinska-Myga ◽  
Grzegorz Opala ◽  
Christopher G. Goetz ◽  
Jerzy Tustanowski ◽  
Stanislaw Ochudlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol Level ◽  
Total Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
E Gene ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Gene

scholarly journals Hypolipidaemic, gastrointestinal and related responses of broiler chickens to chitosans of different viscosity

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Razdan ◽  
D. Pettersson
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Total Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Fat Digestibility

Broiler chickens (1-d-old) were fed ad libitum on a control diet based on maize and maize starch or diets containing low-, medium- or high-viscosity chitosans at an inclusion level of 15 g/kg. Body weights and feed intakes of chickens given chitosan-containing diets were generally depressed in comparison with those of control-fed animals on days 11 and 18 of the experiment. On days 12 and 19, feeding the low-viscosity-chitosan diet reduced plasma triacylglycerol and total plasma cholesterol concentrations in relation to chickens receiving the control diet, while the medium- and high-viscosity-chitosan-containing diets reduced total plasma cholesterol and elevated, although not significantly, plasma HDL-cholesterol concentrations compared with those of control-fed animals. Chitosan feeding generally improved plasma HDL-cholesterol: total cholesterol ratio in comparison with control feeding, which was attributed to the general reductions in plasma cholesterol concentrations rather than increases in plasma HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Feeding the high-viscosity-chitosan-containing diet significantly reduced the ileal digestibility of crude protein (N x 6·25) and crude fat compared with chickens given the control diet. The reduction in ileal crude fat digestibility was greatest among chickens receiving the high-viscosity-chitosan-containing diet and chitosan-containing diets reduced ileal fat digestibility by 8% on average compared with that of control-fed birds. However, increasing the viscosity of the chitosan fraction could not be correlated with increases in terminal ileal digesta viscosity and, therefore, it could not be established that increased ileal lumen viscosity alone contributed to reductions in body weight, feed intake and plasma cholesterol concentrations. However, the fact that ileal digestibility of fat was reduced by feeding chitosan to chickens suggests the action of other hypolipidaemic mechanisms

scholarly journals Red algal cellular biomass lowers circulating cholesterol concentrations in Syrian golden hamsters consuming hypercholesterolaemic diets

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 842-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott V. Harding ◽  
Hai Lin Zhao ◽  
Christopher P. F. Marinangeli ◽  
Anthony G. Day ◽  
Harrison F. Dillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Biosynthesis ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Total Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Red Algal

Preliminary evidence suggests that consumption ofPorphyridium cruentum(PC) biomass results in hypocholesterolaemic effects; however, mechanisms responsible have not been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to determine whether PC biomass lowers circulating cholesterol concentrations, dose dependently, in hamsters fed hypercholesterolaemic diets for 28 d and determine whether cholesterol biosynthesis is affected. Biomass added to diets at 2·5, 5 and 10 % resulted in 14, 38 and 53 % reductions (P < 0·001) in total plasma cholesterol, respectively, compared with a control diet. Similarly, non-HDL-cholesterol concentrations in the 5 and 10 % PC groups were reduced (P < 0·001) 28 and 45 %, respectively,v.controls. These effects were unrelated to cholesterol fractional synthesis rate (FSR), as this did not differ between either treatment or control animals. PC consumption had no effect on food intake, plasma glucose concentrations or energy expenditure, but percentage of body fat was lower (P < 0·001) in the 5 and 10 % PC groups compared with controls. These data show that PC reduces total plasma cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol when incorporated into the diet at levels as low as 2·5 %. The mechanism of action for this reduction may be related to increased excretion since food intakes and cholesterol FSR were not reduced in the animals receiving the PC. In conclusion, the use of PC biomass reduces circulating cholesterol, dose dependently, in hypercholesterolaemic hamsters but not via reductions in cholesterol FSR. There is potential for the use of this biomass as a functional ingredient to aid in the management of blood cholesterol concentrations.

scholarly journals Changes in lipoprotein lipase activity and plasma liver lipids in thiram intoxicated rats.

1993 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Sadurska ◽  
B Boguszewski
Keyword(s):  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Total Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Liver Lipids

Acute thiram (tetramethyl-bis-thiocarbamyl disulphide) poisoning of rat (a single dose of 50% LD50) caused decreased lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in adipose tissue, the greatest inhibition being observed at 72 h after administration of the pesticide. Simultaneously, the levels of total plasma cholesterol, triacylglycerols and the high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were increased. On repeated pesticide administration (5% LD50) decreased LPL activity was observed after 14 and 30 days of poisoning, whereas after 90 days the LPL activity was distinctly increased. The levels of total cholesterol (in all periods of poisoning) and HDL cholesterol (only after 30 days of poisoning) became increased. These changes were accompanied by decreased content of free fatty acids and increase of hepatic triacylglycerols. The changes observed in the lipoprotein lipase activity of thiram-poisoned rats correspond to the profiles of plasma lipoproteins typical of thyroid hypofunction.

Replacement of dietary saturated fat with monounsaturated fat: effect on atherogenesis in cholesterol-fed rabbits clamped at the same plasma cholesterol level

1994 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 148-149
Author(s):  
L.B. Nielsen ◽  
P. Leth-Espensen ◽  
B.G. Nordestgaard ◽  
E. Foged ◽  
K. Kjeldsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol Level ◽  
Monounsaturated Fat

Plasma Lipid Variability in the Toronto Twin Register

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Milner ◽  
Joe C. Christian ◽  
David Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Total Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Mz Twins

Plasma lipids were studied on 92 pairs of twins (66 MZ and 26 like-sexed DZ). The DZ twins had significantly greater total variance than the MZ twins for total plasma cholesterol but not for triglycerides or the high, low, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol fractions.

Effect of Phenobarbitone on Plasma Lipids in Normal Subjects

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Durrington ◽  
C. J. C. Roberts ◽  
Lyn Jackson ◽  
R. A. Branch ◽  
M. Hartog
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Total Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Antipyrine Clearance

1. Phenobarbitone in a dose of 180 mg daily was administered to ten normal subjects for 3 weeks. There was a significant increase in total plasma cholesterol, plasma low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, plasma low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) triglycerides and plasma LDL protein. The increase in plasma LDL cholesterol accounted for the increase in total plasma cholesterol. There was a significant reduction in the ratio of LDL cholesterol to LDL protein. 2. No significant changes were observed in total plasma triglycerides, plasma very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) triglycerides, plasma VLDL cholesterol or plasma VLDL protein. 3. Evidence that drug-metabolizing enzymes were induced by phenobarbitone was provided by an increase in antipyrine clearance. No relationship was observed between changes in plasma cholesterol and changes in antipyrine clearance. Serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase was also increased after phenobarbitone administration, the increase being unrelated to changes in antipyrine clearance or plasma cholesterol.

Abstract 207: Interesterified Fat Rich in Stearic Acid Increases Liver Neutrophil and M1 Macrophage Infiltration and Induces Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Silvia F Lavrador ◽  
Milessa S Afonso ◽  
Marcia Koike ◽  
Dennys E Cintra ◽  
Renata P Bombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Total Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
M1 Macrophage ◽  
Interesterified Fats ◽  
Classically Activated

Introduction: interesterified fats, rich in saturated fatty acid, have been used by food industry to replace trans. Palmitic acid is the most common dietary fat with known deleterious effects. On the hand stearic acid which is consumed in a low amount, has neutral effect on plasma lipids. Unlike vegetable oils, interesterified fats contain palmitic or stearic acid in the sn-2 position and the positional compositon of triglicerides may regulate its metabolic fate. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on the liver metabolism of the interesterified fats rich in stearic or palmitic fatty acids. Methods: Weaning LDLr-KO male mice were randomly distributed into five groups fed a high fat diet (40% of energy as fat) containing polyunsaturated (PUFA), palmitic (PALM), palmitic interesterified (PALM INTER), stearic (STEAR) or stearic interesterified (STEAR INTER) during 16 weeks. Total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, liver total cholesterol, triglycerides and weight, neutrophil (neutr/area) and classically activated/inflammatory M1(CD11b) infiltrated macrophage were determined. Histological markers of NAFLD activity were assessed. Results: There were no differences in dietary intakes among all groups. The interesterification process did not alter plasma lipids concentrations (mg/dL±SD): PALM vs PALM INTER (499.2 ± 81.7 vs 526.8 ± 92.6) and STEAR vs STEAR INTER (342.6 ± 89.9 vs 363.9 ± 90.0). However, PALM and PALM INTER presented higher total plasma cholesterol, and STEAR and STEAR INTER showed total cholesterol concentrations similar to POLI (320.7±47.4). Liver weight, cholesterol and TG contents did not differ among the groups. POLI and STEARIC groups do not elicit NASH (score <3), PALM and PALM INTER presented intermediate stage (score ≤4) between STEARIC/POLI and STEARIC INTER. Nevertheless, STEAR INTER developed NASH (score ≥5), and induce higher neutrophil infiltration (5.53 ±4.1) as compared to all other groups. The M1 macrophage classically activated infiltration was also higher in STEAR INTER group than in all groups as demonstrated by imunofluorescence. Conclusion: STEAR INTER brings on NASH lesion, increased neutrophil and M1 macrophage classically activated/inflammatory infiltration in the liver.

The Effect of n-3 Fatty Acids on Lipids and Haemostasis in Patients with Type lla and Type IV Hyperlipidaemia

1989 ◽  
Vol 62 (02) ◽  
pp. 797-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Berg Schmidt ◽  
E Ernst ◽  
K Varming ◽  
J O Pedersen ◽  
J Dyerberg
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Antigen

SummaryPlasma lipids and haemostasis were investigated in 17 patients with hyperlipidaemia before and after 6 weeks supplementation with 6 g n-3 fatty acids. Nine of the patients had type IIa and 8 had type IV hyperlipidaemia. No effect on plasma cholesterol, LDL- or HDL-cholesterol were seen, but plasma triglycerides decreased after n-3 supplementation. Apolipoprotein B increased and apolipoprotein A1 decreased after the oil supplement. The bleeding time was prolonged, but platelet aggregation was unaltered by n-3 fatty acids. Protein C activity increased in type II a and decreased in type IV after the supplement. Fibrinolysis was markedly depressed while von Willebrand factor antigen was reduced after intake of n-3 fatty acids.

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