Potential usefulness of the plumage reducing Naked Neck (Na) gene in poultry production at normal and high ambient temperatures

2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.V. Singh ◽  
D. Kumar ◽  
Y.P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Potential Usefulness ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Na Gene

Thermoregulation in naked neck chickens subjected to different ambient temperatures

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. YAHAV ◽  
D. LUGER ◽  
A. CAHANER ◽  
M. DOTAN ◽  
M. RUSAL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Naked Neck ◽  
Ambient Temperatures

scholarly journals A retrospective study of Newcastle disease in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 699-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Auleria A. Apopo ◽  
Henry M. Kariithi ◽  
Leonard O. Ateya ◽  
Yatinder S. Binepal ◽  
Jane H. Sirya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Intensive System ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Abstract Newcastle disease (ND) is a major constraint to Kenya’s poultry production, which is comprised of approximately 80% indigenous chickens (ICs; caged and free-range system) and 20% exotic chickens (intensive system). This study analyzed cases reported as suspected ND in Kenya between 2005 and 2015. Of the suspected 332 ND reported cases from the three production systems in 27 locations within six Kenyan Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZs), 140 diagnosed as infected with avian orthoavulavirus 1 (AOaV-1; formerly Newcastle disease virus) were present in every year in all AEZs. The numbers of AOaV-1-positive cases differed significantly (p < 0.05) between the production systems across the years depending on the season, climate, and location. In the free-range system, both ambient temperatures and season associated significantly (p = 0.001 and 0.02, respectively) with the number of cases, while in the intensive and caged systems, the positive cases correlated significantly with season and relative humidity, respectively (p = 0.05). Regardless of the production systems, the numbers of clinically sick birds positively correlated with the ambient temperatures (r = 0.6; p < 0.05). Failure to detect AOaV-1 in 58% of the ND cases reported, and mortalities exceeding the observed numbers of clinically sick birds suggest deficiencies in the current ND reporting and diagnostic system. Intensive farmers were the slowest in reporting the cases and diagnostic deficiencies were most evident by failure to test the exposure of ICs to natural infection with AOaV-1 and for the AOaV-1-negative cases lack of testing for other pathogens and/or AOaV-1 variants. This study indicates a need for improved surveillance and diagnostics in Kenyan domestic poultry.

scholarly journals Polyphenols as Potential Attenuators of Heat Stress in Poultry Production

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruizhi Hu ◽  
Yujia He ◽  
Muhammed Arowolo ◽  
Shusong Wu ◽  
Jianhua He
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Antioxidant Ability ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Ambient Temperatures

Heat stress is a non-specific physiological response of the body when exposed to high ambient temperatures, which can break the balance of body redox and result in oxidative stress that affects growth performance as well as the health of poultry species. Polyphenols have attracted much attention in recent years due to their antioxidant ability and thus, can be an effective attenuator of heat stress. In this paper, the potential mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect of polyphenols on heat stress in poultry has been reviewed to provide a reference and ideas for future studies related to polyphenols and poultry production.

scholarly journals Epidemiology, Genetic Characterization, and Pathogenesis of Avian Influenza H5N8 Viruses Circulating in Northern and Southern Parts of Egypt, 2017–2019

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2208
Author(s):  
Mohamed Tarek ◽  
Mahmoud M. Naguib ◽  
Abdel-Sattar Arafa ◽  
Laila A. Tantawy ◽  
Karim M. Selim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
H5n8 Virus ◽  
Na Gene ◽  
Geographical Locations

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of subtype H5N8 continue to circulate, causing huge economic losses and serious impact on poultry production worldwide. Recently, HPAIV H5N8 has been spreading rapidly, and a large number of HPAI H5N8 outbreaks have been reported in Eurasia 2020–2021. In this study, we conducted an epidemiological survey of HPAI H5N8 virus at different geographical locations in Egypt from 2017 to 2019. This was followed by genetic and pathogenic studies. Our findings highlight the wide spread of HPAI H5N8 viruses in Egypt, including in 22 governorates. The genetic analyses of the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) gene segments emphasized a phylogenetic relatedness between the Egyptian HPAI H5N8 viruses and viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b recently isolated in Europe. These findings suggest that a potential back transmission of Egyptian HPAI H5N8 virus has occurred from domestic poultry in Egypt to migratory wild birds, followed by further spread to different countries. This highlights the importance of continuous epidemiological and genetic studies of AIVs at the domestic–wild bird interface.

scholarly journals EGG QUALITY OF THE NIGERIAN LOCAL CHICKEN AS INFLUENCED BY SOME MAJOR GENES

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
S. O. Peters ◽  
C. O. N Ikeobi ◽  
M. O. Ozoje ◽  
O. A. Famakinwa ◽  
Y. S. Oshodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Quality ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Major Genes ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Local Chicken ◽  
Naked Neck Gene ◽  
Na Gene ◽  
Haugh Unit

An investigations was carried out to determine the effect of the major genes of frizzling and naked neck on the external and internal egg quality traits of the Nigerian local chicken. Egg weight significantly (P < 0.01) favoured the frizzled local chicken and the naked-necked local chicken over the fully feathered (normal ) local chicken. The frizzling gene, F, caused an increase of 8.13% in weight while the naked neck gene Na, increased egg weight by 5.85%. The Na gene caused the production of better egg shape index (0.73) when compared to F and nana, ff genotypes. Eggs of frizzed and naked-neck locals also had significantly (P < 0.05) better Haugh unit, percent shell, percent albumen and percent yolk than the normal feathered counterpart. It is therefore reasonable to incorporate the major genes frizzling and naked-neck in producing a locally-adapter commercial egg strain

scholarly journals Effects of Thermal Conditioning on Changes in Hepatic and Muscular Tissue Associated With Reduced Heat Production and Body Temperature in Young Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimitsu Ouchi ◽  
Vishwajit S. Chowdhury ◽  
John F. Cockrem ◽  
Takashi Bungo
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Ambient Temperatures

Effects of increased summer temperatures on poultry production are becoming more pronounced due to global warming, so it is important to consider approaches that might reduce heat stress in chickens. Thermal conditioning in chickens in the neonatal period can improve thermotolerance and reduce body temperature increases when birds are exposed to high ambient temperature later in life. The objective of this study was to investigate physiological and molecular changes associated with heat production and hence body temperature regulation under high ambient temperatures in thermally conditioned chicks. Three-day-old broiler chicks (Chunky) were thermally conditioned by exposure to a high ambient temperature (40°C) for 12 h while control chicks were kept at 30°C. Four days after the treatment, both groups were exposed to 40°C for 15 or 90 min. The increase in rectal temperature during 90 min of exposure to a high ambient temperature was less in thermally conditioned than control chicks. At 15-min of re-exposure treatment, gene expression for uncoupling protein and carnitine palmitoyletransferase 1, key molecules in thermogenesis and fatty acid oxidation, were significantly higher in pectoral muscle of control chicks but not conditioned chicks. Hepatic argininosuccinate synthase (ASS) decreased and hepatic argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) increased after reexposure to a high temperature. The concentrations of hepatic arginosuccinic acid, and ASS and ASL expression, were upregulated in conditioned chicks compared with the control chicks, indicating activity of the urea cycle could be enhanced to trap more energy to reduce heat production in conditioned chicks. These results suggest thermal conditioning can reduce the increase in heat production in muscles of chickens that occurs in high ambient temperatures to promote sensible heat loss. Conditioning may also promote energy trapping process in the liver by altering the heat production system, resulting in an alleviation of the excessive rise of body temperature.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF NEPALESE INDIGENOUS BREEDS OF CHICKEN IN RELATION TO EGG PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Dipesh Giri
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Indigenous Breed ◽  
Master Thesis

Indigenous poultry (Gallus domesticus) is one oldest domesticated bird contributing 55% of total poultry production in Nepal. The indigenous breeds of poultry of Nepal are Sakini, Ghanti Khuile (Naked Neck), and Puwakh Ulte. Sakini is the most adapted indigenous breed of Poultry of Nepal, covering more than 50%. At present, various kinds of literature including journals, research reports, annual reports, proceedings, and master thesis regarding the egg production performance of indigenous breeds were reviewed mainly aiming the comparative evaluation of indigenous breeds of chicken of Nepal with respect to the egg production performance. Egg weight (EW), Egg production per year, Clutch per year, Hatchability, and Age at first laying were the parameters compared. The egg production per year of Sakini and Ghanti Khuile was higher than that of Puwakh Ulte. Also, the hatchability of Sakini was significantly higher than that of Naked Neck. This was due to high feathers in Sakini as compared to Naked Neck. Sakini matures earlier than others and start laying earlier. However, there was not much difference in the egg weight of the indigenous breeds. The clutch per year and of Sakini and Ghanti Khuile was also not significantly different. Sakini starts laying eggs earlier than Ghanti Khuile and Puwakh Ulte. There is a need for increased researches in the indigenous breeds besides Sakini and diseases are major constraints reducing the returns to farmers. Government and concerned agencies should step up and help the farmers to maximize the returns.

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