Agri-environmental grass hay: nutritive value and intake in comparison with hay from intensively managed grassland

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. O. Fiems ◽  
J. L. De Boever ◽  
A De Vliegher ◽  
J. M. Vanacker ◽  
D. L. De Brabander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Intensively Managed

Nutritive value of corn, barley, wheat and oats fed with medium quality hay to fattening steers

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dion ◽  
J. R. Seoane
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Fiber Digestibility ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Daily Gain

Thirty-two large-frame crossbred steers (443 ± 5 kg) were used to determine the nutritive value of cracked corn, rolled barley, rolled oats and rolled wheat in finishing diets for beef cattle fed medium-quality grass hay. Diets contained about 54% grains, 40% grass hay and 6% of a supplement of minerals, vitamins and lasalocid. Total daily dry matter (DM) intake ranged from 9.52 to 10.24 kg, average daily gain from 1.09 to 1.17 kg and gain to feed ratio from 0.113 to 0.121, but these values were not statistically different (P > 0.05). Apparent digestibilities of DM and energy of steers receiving the oats diet were lower than those of steers receiving the wheat diet (P < 0.05), the other diets having intermediate values. Apparent digestion coefficient of protein was higher for the oats diet (P < 0.05) than for other diets. Acid detergent fiber digestibility was higher (P < 0.05) and starch digestibility was lower (P < 0.05) in steers receiving corn than in those receiving barley, oats or wheat. The results indicate that nutritive value of all diets was similar. Key words: Grains, fattening steers, digestibility

Nutritive value of Albizia lebbek supplements for growing sheep

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
i Dwatmadj ◽  
E Teleni ◽  
AR Bird ◽  
JB Lowry
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Albizia Lebbeck ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Albizia Lebbek

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of supplements of siris (Albizia lebbeck) flowers and leaves on Merino wethers fed Mitchell grass hay (Astrebla spp.). Three groups, each of 6 sheep, were fed the following diets: hammermilled Mitchell grass hay ad libitum (M); M + 181 g DM/day of siris flowers (MF), and M + 216 g DM/day of siris leaves (ML). The experiment, conducted over 17 days, measured feed intake and digestibility, nitrogen (N) retention, and plasma glucose and urea concentrations. The total DM intakes by MF and ML sheep were significantly (P<0.01) higher than those in M sheep. As a result of the supplement of siris flowers, the digestibility of the MF diet was highest (P<0.01). Sheep fed the M diet showed negative N retention, while MF and ML sheep showed positive N retention. The increased (P<0.01) N retention in the MF and ML sheep was associated with increased (P<0.01) urinary N excretion. The improved nutritional state of MF and ML sheep was associated with increases in plasma glucose and urea concentrations. Environmental temperature, which reached a mean daily maximum of 31.3�C, did not interact with the dietary treatments.

Yield, Yield Distribution, and Nutritive Value of Intensively Managed Warm-Season Annual Grasses

2001 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1257-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato S. Fontaneli ◽  
Lynn E. Sollenberger ◽  
Charles R. Staples
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Yield Distribution ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Intensively Managed

scholarly journals Effect of legume proportion and physiological age on forage quality and the suitability of Agrostis capillaris L. and Festuca rubra L. for silage making

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 315-323
Author(s):  
H. Laser ◽  
W. Opitz von Boberfeld
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Agrostis Capillaris ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Plot Design

The chemical and physical properties of herbage from low-input grassland usually differ from plant material of intensively managed swards. The experiment in split-plot design with four replicates was carried out to examine, whether legume proportions and the physiological age of herbage are relevant to fermentability of herbage. Lotus corniculatus did not increase nitrate concentrations sufficiently in Festuca rubra and most Agrostis capillaris swards to be able to avoid clostridial fermentation. However, Lotus corniculatus reduced the WSC/BC ratio of the grasses grown in mixture and that of the complete herbage of the mixtures. A late first cut in summer had an unexpected positive effect on the WSC/BC ratio of the grasses in pure stands, though reduced nutritive value of silages made from plants of advanced maturity stages are in all probability because of low energy concentrations in the fresh matter even with high yield proportions of the legume. Absence of fertilisation and late utilisation do not affect the chemical requirements for the fermentation process of grass-rich herbage in principle. However, silage making under these conditions is very demanding concerning ensilage technique: it may be necessary to use nitrate additives and higher fibre contents makes it more difficult to compact herbage.

Dry matter intake and rumen fermentation in steers fed untreated grass hay or hay treated with urea, sodium hydroxide or a combination of both

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 114-114
Author(s):  
A. P. Moloney ◽  
A. V. Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Grass Hay

Treatment of poor quality roughages with ammonia or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) has been demonstrated in numerous studies to improve the nutritive value of these materials. Ammonia is usually applied in anhydrous or aqueous forms in stacks at ambient temperature or anhydrous in high temperature ovens (e.g. Mason et al., 1989) while NaOH is usually applied as an aqueous solution either as a spray or by immersion of the test material (e.g. Wanapat et al., 1985). The objective of this study was to determine the effects on composition and subsequent rumen fermentation when low digestibility grass hay was treated with ammonia and/or NaOH by a procedure which might be readily used at farm level.

Grazing defoliation and nutritive value of Setaria pumila and Digitaria sanguinalis in Lolium perenne-based swards

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
K. N. Tozer ◽  
C. A. Cameron ◽  
L. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Early Autumn ◽  
Nutritive Quality ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Intensively Managed

Setaria pumila and Digitaria sanguinalis are undesirable, C4 annual grass species in intensively managed temperate and subtropical dairy pastures. A comparative, small-plot study was established in Lolium perenne-based dairy pastures to determine the extent to which these species are grazed and how this relates to changes in their nutritive value over summer–early autumn. Setaria pumila was taller than D. sanguinalis before grazing (16–24 and 10–17 cm, respectively) and was grazed to lower post-grazing height and less post-grazing groundcover than D. sanguinalis: height 4.1 and 4.7 cm, cover 67 and 83%, respectively, averaged over January–March (summer–early autumn). Nutritive quality was similar for both species (with metabolisable energy values for December–March averaging 11.1, 10.0, 8.5 and 9.0 MJ kg DM–1) and is unlikely to be a key determinant of differences in grazing defoliation. In addition, post-grazing cover and post-grazing height for both annual grasses increased over the grazing season and were associated with declining nutritive value of both species. The nutritive value of L. perenne was higher than that of both S. pumila and D. sanguinalis and it did not decline over the grazing season (December–March: 11.3, 11.5, 9.3 and 11.4 MJ kg DM–1). Although S. pumila and D. sanguinalis were grazed in all months, they readily produced new panicles between grazings. Given this, these annual grasses are likely to spread in Lolium perenne-based dairy pastures unless interventions are used.

scholarly journals In vitro assessment of ruminal fermentation, digestibility and methane production of three species of Desmanthus for application in northern Australian grazing systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Vandermeulen ◽  
Sultan Singh ◽  
Carlos Alberto Ramírez-Restrepo ◽  
Robert D. Kinley ◽  
Christopher P. Gardiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Grass Hay

Three species of Desmanthus adapted to the heavy clay soils of northern Australia were studied to determine their nutritive value and effects on in vitro fermentation with rumen fluid, compared with Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay. Leaves and stems of D. leptophyllus cv. JCU 1, D. virgatus cv. JCU 2 and D. bicornutus cv. JCU 4 were collected in summer, winter and spring of 2014 and analysed for chemical composition. Apparent digestibility as in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVD-OM) and fermentation parameters including methane (CH4) production were measured during 72-h fermentations using rumen fluid from steer donors grazing tropical grasses and legumes. Desmanthus bicornutus was on average more digestible than both D. leptophyllus and D. virgatus at 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation. This species also demonstrated an anti-methanogenic potential, in particular when harvested in summer with a reduction in CH4 production of 26% compared with Rhodes grass hay after 72 h of incubation. At this time point, D. leptophyllus produced higher volatile fatty acids (VFA per g of organic matter fermented) compared with the other forages. This legume also reduced the CH4 production up to 36% compared with the Rhodes grass hay reference. However, D. leptophyllus showed lower IVD-OM. Overall, Desmanthus species produced lower in vitro CH4 and lower volatile fatty acids concentration compared with the reference grass hay. These effects may be due to presence of secondary compounds such as hydrolysable tannins, condensed tannins and/or their combination in Desmanthus species. The IVD-OM was influenced by the season after 72 h of incubation; the digestibility was higher in plants collected in spring. This study suggests that contrasting fermentative profiles in Desmanthus cultivars may offer the opportunity to reduce the greenhouse gas contribution of the beef industry. The next step in demonstration of these promising in vitro results is demonstration of Desmanthus in vivo as proof of concept confirming the productivity and CH4 reduction ability of these legumes in the pastoral systems of northern Australia.

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