In Vitro Effect of Aqueous Extract of Garlic (Allium Sativum) on the Growth and Viability ofCryptococcus Neoformans

Phomopsis sojae and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum are responsible for stem and pod dryness and white mold in soybean. These pathologies directly affect the quality of seeds/grains and compromise the entire plant. The use of extracts from different plants has been the subject of research for the control of several phytopathogens. Calotropis procera is among botanical species that synthesize efficient compounds for biocontrol. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of C. procera aqueous extract on P. sojae and S. sclerotiorum. The experiment was carried out in completely randomized blocks in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme (two fungi and five extract concentrations 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) with 4 replicates. C. procera aqueous extract concentrations were added to Petri dishes containing PDA. After 48 hours, the mycelial growth rate was evaluated. After seven days of incubation, the fungal colony area, sporulation, and germination of P. sojae and S. sclerotiorum were evaluated. There was significant interaction between fungi × extract concentrations (p < 0.05) for all variables analyzed. The mycelial growth rate of P. sojae was lower than that of S. sclerotiorum. The diameter of the P. sojae fungal colony was smaller than that of S. sclerotiorum when concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15% were used. As the extract concentration increased, fungi sporulation and germination reduced.

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In vitro effect of aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) on the larvae of Haemonchus contortus as an intestinal parasite of sheep.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1025015/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ana Flávia Lopes Medeiros ◽

Marney Pascoli Cereda Cereda ◽

Gabriel Furrer Matos Braz

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Live Weight ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

Cassava Leaves ◽

Cassava Plant ◽

Vitro Effect

Abstract Cassava is frequently fed to animals. In the case of sheep, the producer relates consumption to a reduction in the parasite load. The literature has proven the effect of phenolic compounds as an anthelmintic in vivo, but no evidence for cyanogenic compounds, also present in all parts of the cassava plant, was found. A controlled in vitro bioassay was used to evaluate the aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves. The efficiency parameter was the immobility of Haemonchus contortus larvae at the L3 stage, also used to evaluate commercial anthelmintics. Cell culture plates with 100 active L3-stage larvae per well were used, being each replicate constituted by three wells. Aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves (FCL), Ivomec® 0.01% (PCI) as the positive control, and distilled water as negative control (NCW), were placed in the culture plate wells. Considering the immobility of the larvae as a positive anthelmintic effect, the results showed that in NCW treatments all larvae were mobile, while in PCI all 300 larvae were immobile. FCL produced a gradient of larval inactivation correlation (R2 0.996). The best-fit equation was y = -33.39ln(x) + 40.517, a logarithmic equation, which allowed the calculation of the Lethal Concentration (CL) of 3.44 µg CN- ml, or 80.0 mg of fresh cassava leaves per milliliter of water, with a performance equivalent to ivermectin. This concentration of free cyanide is compatible with the safe consumption of fresh leaves by live weight of sheep. The exact amount of cassava roots, leaves, or shoots, consumed to provide an effective dose for controlling H. contort should be established in vivo. Although phenolic compounds must also be present in the extract, the immobility was attributed to cyanogenic compounds since the correlation was proportional to the increase in the cyanide concentration. It can be concluded that the consumption of fresh cassava leaves has the potential as an anthelmintic agent to be evaluated in vivo by feeding sheep and goats. Local use could also add value to the production of fresh cassava leaves, with an average potential production of 2.5 tonnes ha-1, available throughout the year, with greater production at the beginning of cultivation and in the summer months. These leaves could be used after the roots harvesting or even after pruning for this purpose. Currently, this amount of good quality protein material remains without use in the field.

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In vitro Effect of LC90 of albendazole and Allium sativum water extract on the fine structure of Capillaria sp. (Capillaridae Nematoda).

Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research ◽

10.21608/jbaar.2016.106916 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 125-135

Author(s):

Amal I. Khalil ◽

Nahla A. Radwan ◽

Gamalat Y. Osman ◽

Alyaa M. Abo Msalam ◽

Omaimah A. M. Maghrabi

Keyword(s):

Fine Structure ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Water Extract ◽

Vitro Effect

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P.144 The effects of aqueous extract of garlic (allium sativum I.) On laryngeal cancer cells (hep-2) and 1929 cells in vitro

Oral Oncology Supplement ◽

10.1016/s1744-7895(05)80507-3 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 190

Author(s):

M.-al-R. Hadjzadeh ◽

J. Tavakol Afshari ◽

A. Ghorbani

Keyword(s):

Cancer Cells ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Laryngeal Cancer ◽

Allium Sativum

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Zizyphus lotus (L.) extracts as prebiotics in the aggregation and adhesion of probiotic and inhibition of pathologic bacteria from patients with colorectal cancer

International Journal of Food Studies ◽

10.7455/ijfs/9.1.2020.a3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Ouldchikh ◽

Aicha TirTouil ◽

Boumédiene Meddah

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Intestinal Bacteria ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Vitro Effect

The mucosal surfaces of the intestinal tract harbor a complex microbiota. Bacteria enter in contact with intestinal cells and bestow important nutritional, metabolic and protective functions which benefit the host. Various factors are able to alter the balances between different intestinal bacteria. Dysbiosis has been described in various pathologies and metabolic diseases in humans, such as cancer. Colorectal cancer pathology can benefit from gut microbial imbalance. Its overgrowth may lead to acute symptoms. An alternative strategy to restore this balance is the use of plant extracts which exhibit a prebiotic activity by stimulating of probiotic bacteria and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria colonization. The present study aims to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of phenolic extracts (Aqueous extract "AE" and Methanolic extract "ME" ) from Zizyphus lotus. It aims also to investigate the effect of this extract as a prebiotic on the aggregation of probiotic and inhibitory effects of pathogenic bacteria isolated from faeces of patients with colorectal cancer. Phytochemical analysis of different extracts from Zizyphus lotus by HPLC showed that all are rich in phenolic compounds (225.40 mgAGE/gDW for AE and 63.04 mgAGE/gDW for ME extracts). Moreover, all extracts showed an important antioxidant activity (227 µg/ml for AE and 195 µg/ml for ME). These extracts also exhibited a significant prebiotic effect and antibacterial activity. Characterization of the in vitro effect of the aqueous extract showed that the percentage of autoaggregation and adhesion of probiotic and inhibitory effects of pathogenic bacteria increased in the presence of aqueous extracts.

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In vitro Effect of Aqueous Extract of Fresh Leaves of Abroma augusta L on the Diffusion of Glucose

Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

10.3329/bpj.v16i1.14486 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 21-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md Tariqul Islam ◽

Md Ajijur Rahman ◽

Md Anwar-Ul Islam

Keyword(s):

Dietary Fiber ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

Glucose Absorption ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Concentration Dependent Manner ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽

Vitro Effect

There have been a number of reports concerning the role of dietary fiber in hampering the diffusion of glucose and lowering the postprandial serum glucose. The present study investigates the effect of viscous aqueous leaf extract of Abroma augusta L (Family: Sterculiaceae, Bengali name: Ulatkambal, English name: Devil's cotton, DC) on the diffusion of glucose in vitro. Different mixtures were prepared using varying concentrations of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) and aqueous extract of A. augusta with a fixed concentration of glucose. The diffusion of glucose from these systems into the outer medium through the ultra-fine membrane was measured. The results showed that both Na-CMC and aqueous extract of ulatkambal significantly (p<0.05) reduced the diffusion of glucose compared to control in a concentration-dependent manner. The result of this study suggested that dietary fiber present in the aqueous leaf extract of A. augusta may be potentially effective in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus by reducing post-prandial glucose absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v16i1.14486 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 16(1): 21-26, 2013

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Extracts and semi-purified fractions of Tagetes patula flowers in the control of root-knot nematodes

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n6p3529 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 3529 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vanessa Marquito Munhoz ◽

Fernando Cesar Baida ◽

Gisely Cristiny Lopes ◽

Debora Cristina Santiago ◽

José Roberto Pinto de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Toxic Effect ◽

Plant Species ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Tagetes Patula ◽

Second Stage ◽

Meloidogyne Spp ◽

Vitro Effect

The genus Tagetes constitutes a group of antagonistic plant species that are cytotoxic against plant pathogenic nematodes, with T. patula being particularly efficient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of extracts and semi-purified fractions of T. patula flowers on eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica, and M. paranaensis, as well as to verify the nematicidal effect of the flavonoids present in T. patula flowers. Extracts and semi-purified fractions were obtained from dried T. patula flowers after maceration and liquidification, yielding crude aqueous (CAE) and crude ethanol-water (CEWE) extracts. Dried flowers were also treated with n-hexane to obtain a crude defatted aqueous extract (CDAE) and a crude ethanol-water defatted extract (CEWDE). Then, the CEWE was fractionated, and the ethyl acetate (EAF), ethanol (EF), methanol (MF), and ethanol:water (EWF) fractions were obtained. CAE, CEWE, CDAE, and CEWDE were tested to evaluate their effects on hatching, mobility, and mortality of J2 of M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. paranaensis. EAF, EF, MF, and EWF fractions were tested on the same variables of M. incognita. All extracts significantly reduced J2 hatching of M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. paranaensis when compared to water and water + DMSO. CEWE had nematicidal effects on the three evaluated species, whereas CEWDE demonstrated nematicidal effects against M. incognita and M. javanica, and nematostatic effects on M. paranaensis. This toxic effect showed by CEWE may be related to the high content of quercetin, a major substance present in this sample. It was also observed that EAF accentuated the nematicidal response on Meloidogyne spp., suggesting that other medium polarity (methoxylated) flavonoids act as nematotoxic substances. Thus, these results suggest that quercetin contributes significantly to the nematicidal activity of CEWE and EAF.

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In vitro effect of purified plumbagin of Plumbago indica against motility of Paramphistomum cervi

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1282425 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 77 (12) ◽

Author(s):

N Saowakon ◽

P Kueakhai ◽

N Changklungmoa ◽

N Lorsuwannarat ◽

P Sobhon

Keyword(s):

Plumbago Indica ◽

Vitro Effect ◽

Paramphistomum Cervi

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