Continuing with Perm', Turning to Syktyvkar, or Standing on One's Own? The Debate about the Status of the Komi-Permiak Autonomous Okrug

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-151
Author(s):  
Seppo Lallukka ◽  
Liudmila Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Executive Committee ◽  
Central Executive ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Mutual Economic ◽  
The Status ◽  
Economic Ties

On 26 February 1925, the Soviet government, or the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, passed a resolution that, in effect, ensured the continuation of the separate development of the southern and the northern Komi, that is, the Komi-Permiaks and the Komi-Zyrians. In more detail, the Presidium decided,(1) Considering the great territorial distance of the Permiak region from the Komi area, and owing to the lack of mutual economic ties between these two territories, to refuse the request of the Komi autonomous area and representatives of the Permiak population for inclusion of the Permiak region in the Komi area, thus keeping the Permiak region within the Urals province. (2) To consider it expedient to make the Permiak region into a special national okrug [that is, national district] with special concise staff and to subordinate the okrug directly to the Executive Committee of the Urals province.

scholarly journals The first women-deputies in the Supreme Soviet of the BSSR of the first convocation

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-424
Author(s):  
N. V. Barabash
Keyword(s):  
Executive Committee ◽  
Central Executive ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Legislative Body ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Republic

The article, based on the introduction into scientific field a wide range of unknown sources, first shows the holding of elections and the election of deputies to the Supreme Soviet of the BSSR of the first convocation of 1938. The author considers the legal basis for theof the Central Executive Committee of the BSSR and the creation in accordance with the Constitution of the BSSR 1937 the highest legislative body of the republic – the Supreme Soviet. The author examines the policy of the Soviet government to include women to government and government bodies. A quantitative, social, educational analysis of women-deputies in the highest legislative body of the BSSR of the first convocation was carried out

scholarly journals Red Don Cossacks in 1918

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Andrey Venkov
Keyword(s):  
Executive Committee ◽  
Central Executive ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Expected Result ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Economic Ties

Introduction. Red Soviet Cossacks were little studied by Soviet historical science, because their presence and number did not always correspond to the theory of class struggle. Most Cossacks opposed the Bolsheviks during the Civil War, but the Bolsheviks always tried to create their red Cossack military units. At first they tried to revive the old Cossack regiments of the tsarist army, but under the command of Soviet power supporters. Then they tried to mobilize the Cossacks in the Red army, but the mobilization did not give the expected result. Materials. The source used materials from the Cossack Department of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the State Archive of the Russian Federation; funds of the Red Cossack units in the Red Army (23rd Infantry Division) – Russian State Military Archive; information material on the Cossack parts of the Russian State Archive of Social and Political History; similar documentation stored in the funds of the Center for Documentation of Contemporary History of Rostov Region. The author used publications of Bolshevist and anti-Bolshevist periodicals, which show how the Don Cossacks and their Bolsheviks and their opponents characterized the Red Don Cossacks. Analysis. In summer 1918, the interest of Cossacks in economic relations with the cities of Central Russia played an important role, and some Cossack settlements supported the Bolsheviks in order not to break these economic contacts. Nevertheless, Cossack Soviet regiments were created by September–October, 1918. They consisted of volunteers, and their quantity was limited. In the documents of the Cossack Department of the Central Executive Committee we find refers to 4 Soviet Cossack regiments created in the first year after the October revolution. In fact, there were more Cossack units, but not all of them reached the number of a regiment. At the end of 1918, when the Red army launched the offensive, the number of Soviet Cossack regiments increased. Results. When forming Soviet Cossack regiments, the Bolsheviks tried to use old organizational forms – to revive the Don Cossack regiments of the tsarist army, but under new leadership. It succeeded partially. The attempts to mobilize the Cossacks in the Red Army did not give the expected result. In the event of sharp changes in the situation at the front in favor of the enemy, the mobilized either switched to his side or went home. The basis of forming Soviet Cossack units in 1918 formed the principle of voluntariness. Soviet Cossack units were formed primarily under general democratic slogans and where there was no obvious conflict between Cossack and non- Cossack population. In 1918, while the Bolsheviks did not pursue the policy of food dictatorship and did not curtail trade, a significant role for the Red Cossacks was played by the factor of their economic ties with large Russian economic centers. Cossack regiments of the Red Army inherited the high fighting qualities of the Cossack units from the old tsarist army, maneuverability and stamina inherent to the Cossacks, as evidenced by the high score they were given by the representatives of the hostile camp.

scholarly journals WONDERFUL STONES OF THE SOVIET ERA IN P.P. BAZHOV’S TALES

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-106
Author(s):  
Yang Yubing ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
The Urals ◽  
New Era ◽  
Happy Life ◽  
The Status ◽  
Post War

Problem statement. This article analyzes the lytic component of P. P. Bazhov’s tales of the 1940s and proves that these tales continue the tradition laid down by the tales of the 1930s, in which malachite, copper emerald, and chrysolite were the main stones reflecting the specifics of mining life. The lytic discourse of new tales, in which the sun stone, the key-stone, the patient pebble appear, makes it possible to expand the understanding of both the ideological component of the tales and the mythopoetics of the writer’s fiction as a whole. The purpose of the article is to study the lytic component of Bazhov’s military and post-war tales, in which the contours of the future happy life of the Soviet people are visible through the image of both real and miraculous stones of the new era. Methodology. The article uses the methodology of cultural-historical, ideological-figurative, and symbolic-contextual analysis. Research results and conclusions. The article sequentially examines a number of stones that, in their appearance and in their symbolic properties, can claim the status of stones of the new Soviet era in the Urals. Among these stones we see both real-life stones (heliolite, golden topaz, and rhodonite), which in their appearance and in their symbolic lytic properties can claim the status of stones of the new Soviet era in the “Tales about Lenin”, and magical stones (key stone, patient pebble, and golden mountain blossom). The latter make it possible to assess the utopian potential of the happy future of the Soviet Urals, which from the point of view of the 1940s did not seem absolutely unattainable to Bazhov.

scholarly journals NORTH OSSETIA IN THE SYSTEM OF THE SOVIET STATEHOOD: THE CONSTITUTION OF THE NOASSR OF 1978

Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.И. КОБАХИДЗЕ
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
The North ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Autonomous Republic

В статье предлагается анализ Конституции Северо-Осетинской АССР 1978 г., отразившей этап развития ее государственности в советский период. Научное осмысление правовых аспектов истории Северной Осетии в статусе автономной республики, анализ ее места и роли в системе советской государственности во многом объясняет противоречия в реализации органами государственной власти республики функций политического самоуправления в эпоху «застоя» и «кризиса социализма». Анализ показывает, что декретированный ранней советской властью национальный суверенитет народов, населяющих советскую Россию, не нашел правового подтверждения в Конституции СССР 1977 г., на основе и в соответствии с которой были разработаны и приняты Конституции РСФСР и входящих в нее автономных республик, в том числе и СОАССР. Фиксация статуса автономной республики в качестве государственного образования без признания ее государственного суверенитета ограничивало пределы компетенции республиканских органов власти и управления и ставило их в фактическую зависимость от вышестоящих властно-управленческих структур даже в решении вопросов, отнесенных к ведению автономной республики. Все это вместе взятое превращало автономную республику в «квазигосударственное образование», высшие государственные органы которой действовали в режиме «местной власти». Противоречивые конституционные положения 1977-1978 гг., закрепленные в Основных законах СССР, РСФСР и СОАССР, стали одним из факторов деструкции советской власти и социалистической системы и последующего затем «парада суверенитетов» бывших автономных образований в пределах РСФСР. The article analyzes the 1978 Constitution of the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which reflected the stage of development of its statehood relevant to the Soviet period. Scientific comprehension of the legal aspects of the history of North Ossetia in the status of an autonomous republic, an analysis of its place and role within the system of the Soviet statehood largely accounts for the contradictions in the implementation by the republican state institutions of the functions of political self-government in the era of "stagnation" and "crisis of socialism". Analysis shows that the national sovereignty of the peoples inhabiting Soviet Russia, that was decreed by the early Soviet government, did not find legal confirmation in the USSR Constitution of 1977, on the basis and in accordance with which the Constitution of the RSFSR and its autonomous republics, including NOASSR, were elaborated and adopted. Fixing the status of the autonomous republic as a state entity without recognizing its state sovereignty limited the competence of the republican authorities and made them in fact dependent on the higher power structures even in resolving issues attributed to the jurisdiction of the autonomous republic. All this taken together turned the autonomous republic into a "quasi-state entity", the highest state bodies of which operated in the regime of "local power". Contradictory constitutional provisions of 1977-1978, enshrined in the Fundamental Laws of the USSR, RSFSR and NOASSR, became one of the factors of the destruction of the Soviet power and the socialist system and the subsequent “parade of sovereignties” of the former autonomous entities within the RSFSR.

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