Acute and sublethal effects of organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos on freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajib Majumder ◽  
Anilava Kaviraj
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide

Sublethal effects of environmental concentrations of caffeine on a neotropical freshwater fish

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Andreia dos Santos ◽  
Gabrielle Rabelo Quadra ◽  
Rafael M. Almeida ◽  
Laís Soranço ◽  
Haroldo Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Environmental Concentrations

Description of Freshwater Fish Traditional Smoking in the Western Region, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Felix Meutchieye ◽  
Henri Grisseur Djoukeng ◽  
Youssouf Jamilou Ngouyamsa ◽  
Yacouba Manjeli
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Average Quantity

Western Cameroon is one of the regions most in needs of innovative and healthy solutions for freshwater fish conservation. This study aimed at evaluating the socio-economical characteristics of fish smokers and technical factors on the species smoked in the Noun Division. A total of 91 fish smokers were chosen. The socio-economic data were on age, gender, religion, number of dependents, marital status, ethnic group, education level, economic activities, smoking goals and workforce. The results of this study showed that fish smoking is practiced mainly by women (70%) which is common in Sub Sahara Africa small scale fish sector. The smokers are aged from 20 to 50 years (80%), married (92.2%) and taking care of a family of 1 to 10 persons (80%). These smokers are Muslim (74%), belonging to the Bamoun ethnic group (81%). They were also involved in other activities: agriculture (29%) and trade (1%). About 67% of the sampled smokers’ population had an experience of more than 10 years in the domain. The Purpose of smoking was largely sales (97%) and subsistence (3%). Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was the most smoked species (36%), followed by African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) with a proportion of 32%. The average quantity of fresh fish smoked was 110 kg/day/smoker, with Oreochromis niloticus being more produced (60±4.74 kg/day/smoker). With regard to the smoking techniques used, hygiene measures were poorly respected. The major constraints revealed by the survey were that freshwater’s traditional fish smoking activities in Noun Division are influenced by gender, economic and cultural background. There is a lack of technical support material and financial means. Any implications for future investigations on health and food safety will be suitable for fresh fish smokers and the entire consumers.

scholarly journals Toxicity and Organ Distribution of Mercury in Freshwater Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) after Exposure to Water Contaminated Mercury (HgII)

Toxics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Suhendrayatna ◽  
Arahman ◽  
Sipahutar ◽  
Rinidar ◽  
Elvitriana
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Organ Distribution ◽  
Mercury Analyzer ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Probit Method

The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity and the distribution of mercury (Hg) in the main tissues of freshwater fish (Oreochromis niloticus) after being exposed to water containing Hg(II). A sample group of 10 fish, of mean weight 80–100 g wet weight, were exposed to different concentrations of Hg (0.0012; 0.0049; 0.0141; 0.0524; 0.1126; and 0.5110 mg-HgII/L) for 72 hours under controlled conditions using the static method in ponds. A control medium was also prepared in two replications. Mortality of fish was closely monitored, and the test was repeated three times. For the toxicity test, observations were based on behavior, mortality, and anatomical pathology. The methodology was based on the OECD guidelines for testing of chemicals and lethal concentration (LC50) and particularly using the probit method. Thus, the mean value was obtained from two replications and then further calculated by a software (MiniTab® 16 version). Prior to analysis, samples were first lyophilized. The total concentration of Hg accumulation in the fish organs was analyzed using heat-vaporization atomic absorption spectrometry (HV-AAS) and a MA2000 automatic mercury analyzer. Results showed that toxicity (LC50) of freshwater fish was 0.1435 mg-Hg(II)/L. The internal organs showed some pathological changes including pale gills, anemic eyes, and a whitish body color after the exposure. Furthermore, histopathologically, exposure to mercury might also affect other organs, such as gills, liver, and hepatopancreas. Mercury was found in trace amounts, and its accumulation was found to be at least in the gills. Meanwhile, the highest accumulation was found in the muscle tissue with approximately 5.7183 µg/g dry weight. If they are put in order, the mercury accumulation in the tissue organs was varied from the highest to lowest one: Muscle > eye > bone > head > gill. Finally, it can be concluded that the Hg exposure could affect the histopathological condition of the tested fish.

Sublethal effects of phenol on histology of selected organs of freshwater fish Mystus vittatus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannayiram Muthukumaravel ◽  
Natarajan Vasanthi ◽  
Arumugam Stalin ◽  
Lubna Alam ◽  
Bharathi Santhanabharathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Mystus Vittatus

Acute and chronic metal (Cd, Pb) exposures alter red blood cell ATPase activity in freshwater fish (Oreochromis niloticus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. S98
Author(s):  
Gülüzar Atli ◽  
Ali Eroğlu ◽  
Zehra Doğan ◽  
Esin G. Kanak ◽  
Kadir Kocalar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus

scholarly journals Impact of chlorpyrifos toxicity on gill damage of two species of freshwater fish in Lake Diatas

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
Tivany Edwin ◽  
Taufiq Ihsan ◽  
Aufa Rahmatika ◽  
Nanda Darlis
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Exposure Concentration ◽  
Fish Gill ◽  
Secondary Lamellae ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Lake Diatas is one of the important lake which is influenced by agricultural activities around the lake, and chlorpyrifos is widely used as a pesticide in this area. This study aimed to analyze the damage of the gill tissue of Oreochromis niloticus L. and Cyprinus carpio L. as two freshwater fish, which are mostly caught to be consumed by the residents in Lake Diatas, Indonesia, that were exposed to chlorpyrifos. Methods: Acclimatization was performed for 14 days and continued with toxicity test for 30 days. Chlorpyrifos exposure was tested at various concentrations. Fish gill tissue was observed microscopically in 10, 20, and 30 days of exposure, and damages were scored based on the level of gill tissue damage. Results: It was revealed that O. niloticus L. experienced edema, proximal basal hyperplasia, fusion, hyperplasia in all secondary lamellae, and necrosis at the higher exposure concentration. While C. carpio L. experienced fusion, hyperplasia, clubbing, necrosis, and obvious degradation of gill tissue of fish after 30 days of exposure to chlorpyrifos. There was a significant difference in the damage of fish gill tissue between each variation treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, the higher the concentration of chlorpyrifos and the longer the exposure time, the higher the level of damage in gill tissue.

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