Strigolactone regulates plant architecture by inhibiting lateral branch growth in Quercus mongolica seedlings

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Han ◽  
Xin Hao ◽  
Shi Qiu ◽  
Shixin Guan ◽  
Hao Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Lateral Branch ◽  
Quercus Mongolica ◽  
Branch Growth

Interaction between lateral branch growth and pod set in primary inflorescences of lupin

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 957 ◽  
Author(s):  
NG Porter
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Lateral Branch ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Branch Growth ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Lateral Branches

In Lupinus angustifolius, L. luteus and L. mutabilis, flower formation and pod set were largely independent of the basal lateral branches. Partial or complete removal of lateral branches near the primary inflorescence increased the number of flowers formed and pods set. Flower formation was unaffected by most of the experimental treatments and was most closely correlated with the main-stem leaf area in L. angustifolius and L, mutabilis. Loss of leaf area from the main stem reduced flower formation and pod set more in L. mutabilis than in L. angustifolius. Leaves on lateral branches did not contribute significantly to flower formation or pod set in the presence of main-stem leaves, but could compensate for losses of main-stem leaves in L. mutabilis, especially when the upper lateral branches were intact and actively growing. Removal of all growing points from the upper lateral branches enhanced pod set. These findings suggest that crop management can increase pod set on primary inflorescences in lupin crops that have limited water in early summer, by bringing about a temporary restriction in upper lateral branch growth during the pod-setting process. It is concluded that the effect of lateral branch growth is more significant in the control of pod set in lupin species than the autonomous control by abscisic acid.

Effects of light availability and sapling size on the growth and crown morphology of understory Douglas-fir and lodgepole pine

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Williams ◽  
Christian Messier ◽  
Daniel D Kneeshaw
Keyword(s):  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Lateral Branch ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Branch Growth ◽  
Crown Morphology

Information on the dynamics of sapling growth of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm), two dominant species in the interior of British Columbia, Canada, is incomplete and thus the objective of this study was to understand how light availability and sapling size interact to influence their growth and crown morphology. In an undisturbed forest, 360 saplings were randomly selected in three light classes 0-15, 15-30, and >30% PPFD (photosynthetic photon flux density). A number of morphological and growth parameters were measured, including height and lateral branch growth. Douglas-fir had a more plastic crown morphology than lodgepole pine with its leader to lateral branch growth ratio, live crown depth, and number of branches increasing with increasing light class. Sapling size had little effect on morphological characteristics, but larger saplings of both species had greater absolute height growth and lateral branch growth than did smaller saplings. Both Douglas-fir and lodgepole pine were able to survive up to 50 years and attain a height of 3 m at less than 5% PPFD. These results further suggest that shade tolerance is greater on drier sites, although the mechanisms for such increases in tolerance are unknown. The ecological implications of these findings are discussed in a forestry context.

scholarly journals A Genetic Linkage Map of BC2 Population Reveals QTL Associated with Plant Architecture Traits in Lagerstroemia

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Yuanjun Ye ◽  
Lu Feng ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Qifang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Genetic Linkage Map ◽  
Lateral Branch ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Primary Lateral

Plant architecture improvement is of great significance in influencing crop yield, harvesting efficiency and ornamental value, by changing the spatial structure of the canopy. However, the mechanism on plant architecture in woody plants is still unclear. In order to study the genetic control of plant architecture traits and promote marker-assisted selection (MAS), a genetic linkage map was constructed, and QTL mapping was performed. In this study, using 188 BC2 progenies as materials, a genetic map of Lagerstroemia was constructed using amplification fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers, and the QTLs of four key plant architecture traits (plant height, crown width, primary lateral branch height and internode length) were analyzed. The genetic map contains 22 linkage groups, including 198 AFLP markers and 36 SSR markers. The total length of the genome covered by the map is 1272 cM, and the average distance between markers is 6.8 cM. Three QTLs related to plant height were located in LG1, LG4 and LG17 linkage groups, and the phenotypic variation rates were 32.36, 16.18 and 12.73%, respectively. A QTL related to crown width was located in LG1 linkage group, and the phenotypic variation rate was 18.07%. Two QTLs related to primary lateral branch height were located in the LG1 and LG7 linkage groups, and the phenotypic variation rates were 20.59 and 15.34%, respectively. Two QTLs related to internode length were located in the LG1 and LG20 linkage groups, and the phenotypic variation rates were 14.86 and 9.87%. The results provide a scientific basis for finely mapping genes of plant architecture traits and marker-assisted breeding in Lagerstroemia.

VEGETATIVE AND BUNCH COMPONENTS OF FIRST PSEUDOBACKCROSS OF Elaeis oleifera BRAZIL AND SURINAME ORIGIN IN NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Heri Adriwan Siregar ◽  
Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi ◽  
Retno Diah Setiowati ◽  
Edy Suprianto
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Almost All ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Hybrid Cross

An Attempt to combine the superior traits of Elaeis oleifera and Elaeis guineensis have been done through an interspecific hybrid cross and followed by pseudo-backcross 1 (pBC1). Observation of vegetative morphology and bunch components are presented in this paper. Two populations of pBC1 E. oleifera from the Suriname and Brazil origin were planted in 1990, 1993, 1995, and 2005, and were intensively observed for vegetative morphological properties and bunch components in November 2016 to February 2018. The results showed that almost all the individuals of pBC1 grew upright such as E. guineensis, no longer growing horizontally like the wild E. oleifera and the interspecific hybrid populations. The datas showed that the Suriname population plant architecture are compact or smaller than the Brazilian origin including the height increment and the size of the stem, the frond architecture and its components. Similarly, the bunch components show that the pBC1 Brazil is slightly superior to Suriname pBC1.

Modification of cereal plant architecture by genome editing to improve yields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Julia Hilscher ◽  
Eva Stoger ◽  
Paul Christou ◽  
Changfu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Cereal Plant

scholarly journals Post-Dropping Behavior of Potato Aphids (Macrosiphum euphorbiae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-239
Author(s):  
Rosalind K. Humphreys ◽  
Graeme D. Ruxton ◽  
Alison J. Karley
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Tactile Stimulus ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Tonic Immobility ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Chrysoperla Carnea ◽  
Antipredator Defense ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Potato Aphids ◽  
Lower Plant

AbstractDropping behavior is an effective antipredator defense utilized by many insects including aphids, which drop from plants to lower plant parts or underlying substrates to avoid attack from predatory invertebrates. While research commonly focusses on triggers of dropping, less attention is given to what happens to prey individuals following escape drops. In this study, the duration of tonic immobility, recovery rates, and cases of “instant recovery” (re-clinging to lower plant parts) exhibited by potato aphids (Macrosiphum euphorbiae) that dropped from potted seedlings in response to introduced ladybird (Adalia bipunctata) adults, lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea) larvae, and a standardized tactile stimulus were investigated in relation to a range of environmental factors. Air temperature had a negative correlation with the duration of post-dropping tonic immobility; as temperature increased, time spent motionless decreased. Aphids also showed a pattern of increased recovery rate at higher temperatures. Aphids may be selected to move off the substrate quicker to avoid risks of overheating/desiccation at higher temperatures; and/or higher body temperature facilitates locomotion. Stimulus type also influenced recovery rate back to the original seedling, with aphids generally recovering after the standardized stimulus quicker than after dropping triggered by a real predator. Considering cases of instant recovery onto lower-reaches of the host seedling, seedling height influenced the likelihood of re-clinging, with aphids that managed to instantly recover dropping from, on average, taller seedlings than aphids that dropped to the substrate. Plant architecture could mitigate the costs of dropping for aphids, but further studies quantifying understory foliage cover are needed.

Summer pruning improves the branch growth and tea quality of tea trees (Camellia sinensis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Zhang ◽  
Menghan Li ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Peng Yan ◽  
Lan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Branch Growth ◽  
Tea Quality
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