Blinding Trachoma in Katsina State, Nigeria: Population-Based Prevalence Survey in Ten Local Government Areas

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and sight-threatening conditions among persons with DM aged 50 years and older in Sohag governorate in Upper Egypt.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional survey using the standardised Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness with the addition of the Diabetic Retinopathy module methodology.SettingsSohag governorate in Egypt where 68 clusters were selected using probability proportional to population size. Households were selected using the compact segment technique.Participants4078 people aged 50 years and older in 68 clusters were enrolled, of which 4033 participants had their random blood sugar checked and 843 examined for features of DR.Primary and secondary outcomesThe prevalence of DM and DR; secondary outcome was the coverage with diabetic eye care.ResultsThe prevalence of DM was 20.9% (95% CI 19.3% to 22.5%). The prevalence in females (23.8%; 95% CI 21.4% to 26.3%) was significantly higher than in males (18.9%; 95% CI 17.1% to 20.7%) (p=0.0001). Only 38.8% of persons diagnosed with diabetes had good control of DM. The prevalence of DR in the sample was 17.9% (95% CI 14.7% to 21.1%). The prevalence in females was higher (18.9%; 95% CI 14.0% to 23.8%) than in males (17.1%; 95% CI 13.0% to 21.2%). Up to 85.3% of study participants have never had eye examination. Sight-threatening DR (R4 and/or M2) was detected in 5.2% (95% CI 3.4% to 7.0%) with only 2.3% having had laser treatment.ConclusionThe prevalence of uncontrolled DM in Sohag governorate in Egypt is higher than the national prevalence. There is a high prevalence of sight-threatening retinopathy and/or maculopathy with few people having access to diabetic eye care. A public health approach is needed for health promotion, early detection and management of DR.

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A Population-Based Trachoma Prevalence Survey Covering Seven Districts of Sangha and Likouala Departments, Republic of the Congo

Ophthalmic Epidemiology ◽

10.1080/09286586.2018.1546878 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (sup1) ◽

pp. 155-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

François Missamou ◽

Hemilembolo Marlhand ◽

Angelie S. Patrick Dzabatou-Babeaux ◽

Samuel Sendzi ◽

Jérôme Bernasconi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Based ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

Republic Of The Congo

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Mapping Trachoma in Kaduna State, Nigeria: Results of 23 Local Government Area-Level, Population-Based Prevalence Surveys

Ophthalmic Epidemiology ◽

10.1080/09286586.2016.1250918 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (sup1) ◽

pp. 46-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Nasiru Muhammad ◽

Caleb Mpyet ◽

Mohammed Dantani Adamu ◽

Adamani William ◽

Murtala Muhammad Umar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Population Based ◽

Local Government Area ◽

Level Population

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Population-based prevalence survey of tuberculosis in the Tigray region of Ethiopia

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/1471-2334-13-448 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Gebretsadik Berhe ◽

Fikre Enqueselassie ◽

Elena Hailu ◽

Wondale Mekonnen ◽

Tsigemariam Teklu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Based ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

Tigray Region

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Sociodemographic and clinical correlates of migrant status in adults with psychotic disorders: data from the Australian Survey of High Impact Psychosis

Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences ◽

10.1017/s2045796014000535 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 534-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. Saha ◽

V. A. Morgan ◽

D. Castle ◽

D. Silove ◽

J. J. McGrath

Keyword(s):

Psychotic Disorders ◽

Population Based ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

High Impact ◽

Full Time ◽

Migrant Status ◽

Community Based ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

Clinical Correlates ◽

Catchment Areas

Objective.The links between migrant status and psychosis have attracted considerable attention in recent decades. The aim of the study was to explore the demographic and clinical correlates of migrant v. Australia-born status in individuals with psychotic disorders using a large community-based sample.Method.Data were drawn from a population-based prevalence survey of adults with psychotic disorders. Known as the Survey of High Impact Psychosis (SHIP), it was conducted in seven Australian catchment areas in 2010. Logistic regression was used for the main analyses, examining associations of migrant status with sociodemographic and clinical variables.Results.Of the 1825 participants with psychotic disorders, 17.8% (n = 325) were migrants, of whom 55.7% (n = 181) were male. Compared to Australia-born individuals with psychosis, migrants were more likely to be currently married, to have completed a higher level at school, to have left school later, and to be employed with full-time jobs. Migrants with psychosis were either no different from or less impaired or disadvantaged compared to their Australian-born counterparts on a range of clinical and demographic variables.Conclusions.In a sample of individuals with psychotic disorders, there was no evidence to suggest that migrant status was associated with worse clinical or socio-economic outcomes compared to their native-born counterparts.

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Relationship Between Hip Dysplasia, Pain, and Osteoarthritis in a Cohort of Patients with Hip Symptoms

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.121544 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 40 (9) ◽

pp. 1583-1589 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Johanne Morvan ◽

Ronan Bouttier ◽

Bernard Mazieres ◽

Evelyne Verrouil ◽

Jacques Pouchot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anterior Margin ◽

Hip Dysplasia ◽

Acetabular Dysplasia ◽

Hip Osteoarthritis ◽

Population Based ◽

Hip Pain ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

Center Edge ◽

Study Participants ◽

The Relationship

Objective.The relationship between acetabular dysplasia (HD) and hip osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear, especially for mild forms of dysplasia. Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of HD in a population-based sample with symptoms and to evaluate potential associations linking HD, hip OA, and hip pain.Methods.Individuals 40 to 75 years of age with symptoms in 1 or both hips were recruited during a multiregional prevalence survey. All study participants underwent examination and radiographs. Radiographs were evaluated using Kellgren-Lawrence staging (with stages ≥ 2 indicating hip OA) and HD measures [center-edge (CE) angle, acetabular inclination angle (HTE), acetabular depth (AD), and vertical center-anterior margin angle].Results.We studied both hips of 842 individuals (1684 hips), among whom 203 had hip OA. Compared to left hips, right hips had significantly smaller CE angles and significantly greater AD and HTE values (p ≤ 0.001). Overall, the prevalence of HD ranged from 7.6% to 22.2% of the hips depending on the measure used. The prevalence of HD was higher in individuals with hip OA, with significant differences for abnormal HTE (19.1% vs 11.4%; p < 0.0001) and abnormal CE (11.3% vs 7.5%; p = 0.04). By logistic regression, only abnormal HTE remained associated with OA. Same-side hip pain was not statistically more common in individuals with HD after stratification on OA status (p = 0.12).Conclusion.Our study confirms the relationship between OA and HD, particularly as defined based on the HTE angle.

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Seroprevalence, prevalence, and genomic surveillance: monitoring the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Betim, Brazil

10.1101/2021.10.21.21265140 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ana Valesca Fernandes Gilson Silva ◽

Diego Menezes ◽

Filipe Romero Rebello Moreira ◽

Octavio Alcantara Torres ◽

Paula Luize Camargos Fonseca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Third ◽

Molecular Tests ◽

Epidemiological Monitoring ◽

The City

The Covid-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented need for epidemiological monitoring using diverse strategies. We conducted a project combining prevalence, seroprevalence, and genomic surveillance approaches to describe the initial pandemic stages in Betim City, Brazil. We collected 3239 subjects in a population-based age-, sex- and neighborhood-stratified, household, prospective; cross-sectional study divided into three surveys 21 days apart sampling the same geographical area. In the first survey, overall prevalence (participants positive in serological or molecular tests) reached 0.46% (90% CI 0.12% - 0.80%), followed by 2.69% (90% CI 1.88% - 3.49%) in the second survey and 6.67% (90% CI 5.42% - 7.92%) in the third. The underreporting reached 11, 19.6, and 20.4 times in each survey, respectively. We observed increased odds to test positive in females compared to males (OR 1.88 95% CI 1.25 - 2.82), while the single best predictor for positivity was ageusia/ anosmia (OR 8.12, 95% CI 4.72 - 13.98). Thirty-five SARS-CoV-2 genomes were sequenced, of which 18 were classified as lineage B.1.1.28, while 17 were B.1.1.33. Multiple independent viral introductions were observed. Integration of multiple epidemiological strategies was able to describe Covid-19 dispersion in the city adequately. Presented results have helped local government authorities to guide pandemic management.

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Risk factors for human cysticercosis morbidity: a population-based case-control study

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268897007619 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 119 (2) ◽

pp. 231-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

W. CAO ◽

C. P. B. VAN DER PLOEG ◽

J. XU ◽

C. GAO ◽

L. GE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Taenia Solium ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

History Of ◽

Behavioural Factors ◽

Control Study

A population-based case-control study to determine social and behavioural risk factors for Taenia solium cysticercosis in humans was carried out in a rural area, Shandong province, China. Forty-eight cases with cysticercosis were ascertained through a prevalence survey conducted among 7281 persons in 1993. For each case, four controls residing in the same village and matched for age and sex were randomly selected. Information regarding demographic, social and behavioural factors was collected during house visits through interviews and direct observation. Risk factors strongly associated with human cysticercosis included poor personal hygiene, being unable to recognize cysticerci-containing meat, poor pig-raising practices and a history of passing tapeworm proglottides. The results indicate that health education in combination with chemotherapy for taeniasis is required for the control of cysticercosis in humans.

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