Community based vision screening in preschool children; performance of the Spot Vision Screener and optotype testing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Vishal Kapoor ◽  
Shaheen P. Shah ◽  
Timothy Beckman ◽  
Glen Gole
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Vision Screener

scholarly journals Prevalence and characteristics of hearing and vision loss in preschool children from low income South African communities: results of a screening program of 10,390 children

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Eksteen ◽  
Robert H. Eikelboom ◽  
Hannah Kuper ◽  
Stefan Launer ◽  
De Wet Swanepoel
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
South African ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sensory Impairments ◽  
African Community

Abstract Background The majority of children with sensory impairments live in low- and middle-income countries. More studies of hearing and vision impairment prevalence are needed, in order to generate more accurate estimates of trends in sensory impairments. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and describe the characteristics of hearing and vision loss among preschool children (4–7 years) in an underserved South African community following community-based mobile health (mHealth) supported hearing and vision services. Methods A screening program of sensory impairments was undertaken of children attending preschools in the communities of Khayelitsha and Mitchell’s Plain, Cape Town, from September 2017 until June 2019. Hearing and vision screening were done by trained community health workers using mHealth technology. Children who failed hearing and vision screening were seen for follow-up assessments at their preschools. Follow-up assessments were conducted using smartphones that host point-of-care validated and calibrated hearing and vision testing applications (hearTest app, hearX Group, South Africa and PeekAcuity app, Peek Vision, United Kingdom). Descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression analysis were conducted after extracting data from a secure cloud-based server (mHealth Studio, hearX Group) to Microsoft Excel (2016). Results A total of 10,390 children were screened at 298 preschools over 22 months. Of the children screened, 5.6 and 4.4% of children failed hearing and vision screening respectively. Community-based follow-up hearing tests were done at the preschools on 88.5% (514) of children of whom 240 children (54.2% female) presented with hearing loss. A preschool-based follow-up vision test was done on 400 children (88.1%). A total of 232 children (46.1% female) had a vision impairment, and a further 32 children passed the test but had obvious signs of ocular morbidity. Logistic regression analysis found that age was a significant predictor of vision loss (p < 0.05), but not for hearing loss (p = 0.06). Gender was not a significant predictor of hearing (p = 0.22) or vision loss (p = 0.20). Conclusions Hearing loss is prevalent in at least 22 per 1000 and vision loss in at least 23 per 1000 preschool children in an underserved South African community. Timely identification of sensory losses can be facilitated through community-based hearing and vision services supported by mHealth technology.

scholarly journals Agreement and diagnostic accuracy of vision screening in preschool children between vision technicians and spot vision screener

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
RohitC Khanna ◽  
Neha Misra ◽  
AshaLatha Mettla ◽  
Srinivas Marmamula ◽  
JillE Keeffe
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Vision Screener

scholarly journals Prevalence of Thinness among Santal Preschool Children Using New Body Mass Index Cut-Off Points

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Subal Das ◽  
Kaushik Bose
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purulia District

A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of undernutrition using body mass index (BMI) among 2–6-year Santal preschool children of Purulia District, West Bengal, India. A total of 251 (116 boys and 135 girls) children from 12 villages were measured. Commonly used indicators, that is, weight, height, and BMI, were used to evaluate the nutritional status. More boys (59.5%) than girls (53.3%), based on BMI, were undernourished. Significant age differences in weight (F=44.29∗∗∗; df=3), height (F=58.48∗∗∗; df=3), and BMI (F=3.52∗∗∗; df=3) among boys were observed. Similarly, significant differences between ages in mean weight (F=56.27∗∗∗; df=3), height (F=64.76∗∗∗; df=3), and BMI (F=2.62∗∗∗; df=3) were observed among the girls. The present study revealed that the nutritional status of the preschool children of Santal tribal community of these villages was poor with very high rate of thinness in boys and girls (59.5% and 53.3%, resp.).

Contextual Factors Influencing the Sociability of Preschool Children with Disabilities in Integrated and Segregated Classrooms

1997 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Curry Sontag
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Public School ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Antisocial Behaviors ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Solitary Play ◽  
Integrated Classrooms ◽  
Educational Placements

This study compared the contextual classroom features of public school segregated classrooms and community-based integrated classrooms for preschool children with disabilities, examining the relations between classroom characteristics and child sociability. A total of 16 children were pair-matched and observed in their classrooms. Results showed that the contexts of the two classroom conditions were similar. Differences in child sociability were not found. Solitary play and antisocial behaviors were infrequently observed. The findings suggested a significant relationship between teacher verbal prompting and child sociability. Children were much more likely to talk to their peers when a verbal prompt was given. The study presented implications for the educational placements of preschool children.

scholarly journals The impact of vision screening in preschool children on visual function in the Swedish adult population

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 793-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rannveig Linda Thorisdottir ◽  
Tove Faxén ◽  
Jonas Blohmé ◽  
Rafi Sheikh ◽  
Malin Malmsjö
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Feasibility of Safe-Tea: a parent-targeted intervention to prevent hot drink scalds in preschool children

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Verity Bennett ◽  
Linda Hollén ◽  
Harriet Dorothy Quinn-Scoggins ◽  
Alan Emond ◽  
Alison Mary Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
The Uk

ObjectiveDespite the high prevalence of preventable hot drink scalds in preschool children, there is a paucity of research on effective prevention interventions and a serious need to improve parents’ knowledge of first aid. This study investigates the feasibility of ‘Safe-Tea’, an innovative multifaceted community-based intervention delivered by early-years practitioners.Methods‘Safe-Tea’ was implemented at Childcare, Stay&Play and Home Visit settings in areas of deprivation in Cardiff, UK. A mixed-methods approach was used, including preintervention and postintervention parent questionnaires and focus groups with parents and practitioners to test the acceptability, practicality and ability of staff to deliver the intervention, and parents’ knowledge and understanding.ResultsIntervention materials, activities and messages were well received and understood by both parents and community practitioners. Interactive and visual methods of communication requiring little to no reading were most acceptable. Parents’ understanding of the risk of hot drink scalds in preschool children and knowledge of appropriate first aid improved postintervention. Parents knew at baseline that they ‘should’ keep hot drinks out of reach. Focus group discussions after intervention revealed improved understanding of likelihood and severity of scald injury to children, which increased vigilance. Parents gained confidence to correct the behaviours of others at home and pass on first aid messages.ConclusionThis feasibility study is a vital step towards the development of a robust, evidence-based behaviour change intervention model. Work is underway to refine intervention materials based on improvements suggested by parents, and test these more widely in communities across the UK.

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