scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF PRODUCTION CAPACITY LOSS RATE AFTER THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI IN 2011

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshio Kajitani ◽  
Hirokazu Tatano
Keyword(s):  
Loss Rate ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Capacity Loss

scholarly journals Determination of Cyclability of Li/FeS2 Batteries Based on Measurement of Coulombic Efficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Paul Maldonado Nogales ◽  
Hee-Youb Song ◽  
Soon-Ki Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Loss Rate ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Capacity Loss ◽  
Negative Electrodes ◽  
Short Term Test ◽  
Fading Rate ◽  
Suggested Classification

The electrochemical performance of negative electrodes based on different FeS2 samples was investigated. The study demonstrated a correlation between the coulombic efficiency obtained over 60 cycles and the capacity loss rate evaluated over 15 cycles. The accuracy of the coulombic efficiency and capacity loss rate measurements was advantageous for predicting the aging behavior of half-cells over a short-term test. A suggested classification of the coulombic efficiency and verification via a numerical analysis were proposed to determine the fading rate of batteries during the galvanostatic test.

scholarly journals Integrated Assessment of Economic Losses in Manufacturing Industry in Shanghai Metropolitan Area Under an Extreme Storm Flood Scenario

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijiang Li ◽  
Jiahong Wen ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
Xiande Li ◽  
Shiqiang Du
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Manufacturing Firm ◽  
Capacity Loss ◽  
Extreme Storm

In this paper, we developed an integrated methodology for assessing asset damage, production capacity loss, and inter-sector ripple loss using the depth-damage curve, Cobb-Douglas production function and Input-Output model. We applied this methodology to the detailed individual manufacturing firms in Shanghai under an extreme storm floods scenario to simulate the disaster impact propagation from local individual firms to the entire industrial system and comprehensively estimate the resulting economic losses and their spatial distribution. Our results show that given no floodwall protection, a 1000-year storm flood scenario would cause direct asset damage of US $21 billion to the Shanghai manufacturing industry, including fixed asset damage of US $12 billion and inventory damage of US $9 billion. Due to the shortage of input productive factors of asset and labor, it would further lead to production capacity loss of US $24 billion. In addition, affected manufacturing industry would indirectly result in ripple loss of US $60 billion among dependent sectors, which has a significant amplifier effect. Our results have important implications for reasonable cost-benefit analysis of structural flood control measures in coastal areas, as well as for manufacturing firm location planning and resilience strategy decision-making.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on the Loss Laws of Bearing Capacity of Tunnel Structure

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1951
Author(s):  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Chongbang Xu ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Hualao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Logistic Growth ◽  
Tunnel Structure ◽  
Capacity Loss ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Relative Loss ◽  
Technical Status

The bearing capacity of the tunnel structure is the essential basis for the structural safety of tunnel engineering. Due to the unpredictability and uncertainty in the tunnel’s surrounding environment, a systematic and unambiguous study on the bearing capacity of the tunnel structure is still lacking. The analysis framework of the bearing capacity of the tunnel structure is discussed and a method describing the bearing capacity loss of the tunnel structure is proposed in this paper. Furthermore, the loss laws of the tunnel structure bearing capacity under various characteristic factors are preliminarily investigated, and suggestions on the research of bearing capacity are put forward. First, the current research contents and methods of the tunnel structure technical status, mechanical characteristics, and bearing performance (directly mentioned) are summarized, the relevant concepts related to tunnel structure bearing capacity are analyzed, and it is clarified that the bearing capacity loss of the tunnel structure can be considered according to the technical status of lining damage preliminary. Then, based on analysis of main causes and influence path of the bearing capacity loss, the influencing factors of the bearing capacity of the tunnel structure are attributed to external load action (i.e., all external causes acting on the tunnel structure in the form of external loads) and material deterioration (i.e., all internal causes leading to the decrease in mechanical properties such as structure strength/stiffness). Several typical factors are listed with specific examples, respectively. Considering the uncertainty of the absolute value of the bearing capacity caused by the surrounding environment of the tunnel, a method describing the bearing capacity of the tunnel structure using relative loss rate and relative value of index is proposed based on the current relevant analysis data of mechanical characteristics of the tunnel structure. Based on the given definitions and rules, the related data on the quantitative analysis of mechanical characteristics of lining structure reported in the literature are statistically analyzed again from the view of loss laws of the bearing capacity. Taking three factors including crack, insufficient lining thickness, and cavity as examples, the corresponding model of the bearing capacity loss is preliminarily analyzed and interpreted. The simplest linear model can be employed to preliminarily describe the relationship between defect indexes and relative loss rate of the bearing capacity, especially pertinent mechanical data collected from numerical analysis. Moreover, the loss laws of the bearing capacity in practical analysis and model tests (especially when the variation range of factors is wide) can be simulated by a logistic growth model. Through the analysis of the typical factor model, the key points of the research on the bearing capacity of the tunnel structure are discussed, and some suggestions are put forward for the follow-up related research.

Re-Increased Male Suicide Rates in the Recovery Phase Following the Great East Japan Earthquake

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatsugu Orui
Keyword(s):  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Temporary Housing ◽  
Period Analysis ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Background: Monitoring of suicide rates in the recovery phase following a devastating disaster has been limited. Aim: We report on a 7-year follow-up of the suicide rates in the area affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, which occurred in March 2011. Method: This descriptive study covered the period from March 2009 to February 2018. Period analysis was used to divide the 108-month study period into nine segments, in which suicide rates were compared with national averages using Poisson distribution. Results: Male suicide rates in the affected area from March 2013 to February 2014 increased to a level higher than the national average. After subsequently dropping, the male rates from March 2016 to February 2018 re-increased and showed a greater difference compared with the national averages. The difference became significant in the period from March 2017 to February 2018 ( p = .047). Limitations: Specific reasons for increasing the rates in the recovery phase were not determined. Conclusion: The termination of the provision of free temporary housing might be influential in this context. Provision of temporary housing was terminated from 2016, which increased economic hardship among needy evacuees. Furthermore, disruption of the social connectedness in the temporary housing may have had an influence. Our findings suggest the necessity of suicide rate monitoring even in the recovery phase.

Review of Flap Monitoring Technology in 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (06) ◽  
pp. 722-726
Author(s):  
Adam Jacobson ◽  
Oriana Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Free Flap ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Postoperative Patient ◽  
Free Flap Monitoring ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Vascular Compromise ◽  
Flap Monitoring ◽  
Multiple Levels

AbstractAdvances in free flap reconstruction of complex head and neck defects have allowed for improved outcomes in the management of head and neck cancer. Technical refinements have decreased flap loss rate to less than 4%. However, the potential for flap failure exists at multiple levels, ranging from flap harvest and inset to pedicle lay and postoperative patient and positioning factors. While conventional methods of free flap monitoring (reliant on physical examination) remain the most frequently used, additional adjunctive methods have been developed. Herein we describe the various modalities of both invasive and noninvasive free flap monitoring available to date. Still, further prospective studies are needed to compare the various invasive and noninvasive technologies and to propel innovations to support the early recognition of vascular compromise with the goal of even greater rates of flap salvage.

Production capacity of Russian industry: Potential of import Substitution and economic Growth

2015 ◽  
pp. 5-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zamaraev ◽  
T. Marshova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Current Level ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Capacity Structure ◽  
Idle Capacity

The article examines the state of production capacity of Russian industry. It is shown that in spite of certain positive shifts, the rate of technological modernization in recent years has been insufficient for marked progressive changes in the capacity structure and quality. In contrast to the industrial growth after the crisis of 1998 that took place in the presence of significant reserves of capacity, the current level of idle capacity is much lower. The lack of mass input of modern and high-tech industries objectively limits the possibilities of import substitution and economic growth.

Mineral/microfibrillated cellulose composite materials: High performance products, applications, and product forms

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (09) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Skuse ◽  
Mark Windebank ◽  
Tafadzwa Motsi ◽  
Guillaume Tellier
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Wet Strength ◽  
Product Forms ◽  
Cellulose Composite

When pulp and minerals are co-processed in aqueous suspension, the mineral acts as a grinding aid, facilitating the cost-effective production of fibrils. Furthermore, this processing allows the utilization of robust industrial milling equipment. There are 40000 dry metric tons of mineral/microfbrillated (MFC) cellulose composite production capacity in operation across three continents. These mineral/MFC products have been cleared by the FDA for use as a dry and wet strength agent in coated and uncoated food contact paper and paperboard applications. We have previously reported that use of these mineral/MFC composite materials in fiber-based applications allows generally improved wet and dry mechanical properties with concomitant opportunities for cost savings, property improvements, or grade developments and that the materials can be prepared using a range of fibers and minerals. Here, we: (1) report the development of new products that offer improved performance, (2) compare the performance of these new materials with that of a range of other nanocellulosic material types, (3) illustrate the performance of these new materials in reinforcement (paper and board) and viscosification applications, and (4) discuss product form requirements for different applications.

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