Side effects of academic engagement? How boys’ and girls’ well-being is related to their engagement and motivational regulation

After a short overview of the history of probiotics, the author presents the development of human intestinal microflora based on the newest genetic data and the microbiological features of main probiotics. The indications of probiotic administration have been defined and extended in recent years. The author reviews significant results of probiotic treatment in some gastrointestinal diseases based on meta-analytical data. Probiotics are useful in preventing and treating diarrhoea caused by antibiotics and Clostridium difficile caused diarrhoea. In the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, preparations containing certain Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium strains or Saccaromyces boulardii could enhance by 5–10% the rate of successful eradication and reduce the incidence and severity of the side effects. Some symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and thus the quality of life can be improved by probiotics. Their beneficial effect in ulcerative colitis was proven, while in Crohn’s disease has not yet been defined. The use of probiotics is not included in guidelines, with the exception of the Maastricht IV/Florence consensus. For each disease it is advisable to use probiotics containing strains only with proven beneficial effect. The efficiency of preparations containing mixed strains has not yet been properly investigated. The author reviews the rare but potentially serious side effects of probiotics. In Hungary, there are many probiotic preparations available which can be purchased in pharmacies without prescription: their use is more empirical than evidence-based. The European Food Safety Authority has recently rejected claims for probiotics to be classed as medicines given the lack of convincing evidence on the effects of probiotics on human health and well-being. Clearly, further research is needed to collect evidence which could be incorporated into the international guidelines. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 294–304.

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Men’s experiences of radiotherapy treatment for localized prostate cancer and its long-term treatment side effects: a longitudinal qualitative study

Cancer Causes & Control ◽

10.1007/s10552-020-01380-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

E. Sutton ◽

◽

J. A. Lane ◽

M. Davis ◽

E. I. Walsh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Side Effects ◽

External Beam Radiotherapy ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Well Being ◽

Localized Prostate Cancer ◽

Short Term ◽

Age Related ◽

Qualitative Interview Study ◽

Long Term Treatment

Abstract Purpose To investigate men’s experiences of receiving external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with neoadjuvant Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) for localized prostate cancer (LPCa) in the ProtecT trial. Methods A longitudinal qualitative interview study was embedded in the ProtecT RCT. Sixteen men with clinically LPCa who underwent EBRT in ProtecT were purposively sampled to include a range of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. They participated in serial in-depth qualitative interviews for up to 8 years post-treatment, exploring experiences of treatment and its side effects over time. Results Men experienced bowel, sexual, and urinary side effects, mostly in the short term but some persisted and were bothersome. Most men downplayed the impacts, voicing expectations of age-related decline, and normalizing these changes. There was some reticence to seek help, with men prioritizing their relationships and overall health and well-being over returning to pretreatment levels of function. Some unmet needs with regard to information about treatment schedules and side effects were reported, particularly among men with continuing functional symptoms. Conclusions These findings reinforce the importance of providing universal clear, concise, and timely information and supportive resources in the short term, and more targeted and detailed information and care in the longer term to maintain and improve treatment experiences for men undergoing EBRT.

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A Randomized Trial of Aerobic versus Resistance Exercise in Prostate Cancer Survivors

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.21.4.455 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 455-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Daniel Santa Mina ◽

Shabbir M.H. Alibhai ◽

Andrew G. Matthew ◽

Crissa L. Guglietti ◽

Meysam Pirbaglou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Side Effects ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Training Group ◽

Well Being ◽

Time Points ◽

Home Based

Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) has side effects that significantly impair health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Exercise ameliorates many side effects of ADT, but different modalities, particularly in the home-based setting, have not been well studied. In this study the authors randomly assigned 66 PCa survivors receiving ADT to 6 mo of home-based aerobic or resistance training. Psychosocial well-being and physical fitness were measured at baseline, 3 and 6 mo, and then 6 mo postintervention. Intention-to-treat analyses showed that fatigue and HRQOL were not significantly different between groups; however, in a per-protocol analysis the resistance-exercise training group demonstrated clinically significant improvements in HRQOL. Differential within-group effects on physical fitness were also observed at various time points. At all time points, the aerobic-training group engaged in significantly more physical activity than the resistance-training group, a finding that should be further examined given evidence-based guidelines for activity volume in cancer survivors.

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Percutaneous Repair Method and Achilles Tendon Rupture Rehabilitation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-86536/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Krzysztof Ficek ◽

Paweł Gwiazdoń ◽

Jolanta Rajca ◽

Grzegorz Hajduk

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Minimally Invasive ◽

Achilles Tendon ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Tendon Rupture ◽

Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽

Well Being ◽

Professional Activity ◽

Rehabilitation Protocol

Abstract Background: Subcutaneous, spontaneous, complete ruptures of the Achilles tendon are usually caused indirectly by trauma associated with rapid movement. When minimally invasive Achilles tendon repair is performed, an active rehabilitation protocol can be implemented that allows for fast, measurable progress, reduced tissue atrophy, and an improved range of motion, thereby reducing pain and increasing patients’ overall physical well-being. However, overestimating the effectiveness of rehabilitative interventions can lead to arbitrary advancements in rehabilitation that significantly exceed the permitted levels of daily or professional activity. This issue can lead to various side effects and slow rehabilitation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of adverse effects on objective outcomes after minimally invasive Achilles tendon repair.Methods: The study included 36 individuals with complete Achilles tendon rupture who underwent the percutaneous Ma-Griffith technique. The same rehabilitation protocol was used.Results: Five side effects were identified during rehabilitation: deformation of the repair construct (DRC), irritation of the sural nerve (SNI), morning ankle stiffness (MAS), edema of the soft tissue around the tendon (OST) and suture knots. DRC and MAS were associated with a longer time being required to achieve full ankle range of motion. SNI and OST were associated with a longer time being required to meet the criteria for dynamic training. None of the side effects were related to the isokinetic strength of the ankle plantar and dorsiflexors.Conclusions: The incidence of the assessed side effects in the postoperative period is not related to the type of activity, whether it is professional or amateur. Among the identified side effects, deformation of the regenerated shape of the heel tendon and MAS cause a delay in the recovery of full ankle range of motion. Calf nerve irritation and soft tissue swelling increase the time it takes to meet the criteria for starting dynamic training.Trial registration:The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Academy of Physical Education in Katowice (no. 13/2007)

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Post-treatment physiological effects, adverse effects and complications after the selected aesthetic treatments. Review of the literature

Aesthetic Cosmetology and Medicine ◽

10.52336/acm.2021.10.5.01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 211-216

Author(s):

Weronika S. Kononowicz ◽

◽

Beata Malara ◽

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Physical Attractiveness ◽

Treatment Effects ◽

Well Being ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Physiological Effects ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Skin Defects

Aesthetic treatments are performed in order to improve physical attractiveness, well-being, and to eliminate skin defects. These procedures are also associated with physiological post-treatment effects, side effects and complications. The aim of the article was to discuss selected aesthetic treatments with their typical complications and to present the types of natural post-treatment effects and dangerous side effects. Knowledge of the causes and occurrence of undesirable effects after various aesthetic treatments allows to increase awareness of the risks associated with the performance of such procedures.

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Positive Family Environment, General Distress, Subjective Well-Being, and Academic Engagement among High School Students Before and During the COVID-19 Outbreak

School Psychology International ◽

10.1177/01430343211066461 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 014303432110664

Author(s):

José Concepción Gaxiola Romero ◽

Antonio Pineda Domínguez ◽

Eunice Gaxiola Villa ◽

Sandybell González Lugo

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Family Environment ◽

Academic Engagement ◽

Well Being ◽

Family Interactions ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

School Students ◽

General Distress ◽

The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has altered the family dynamics of most people worldwide as well as the mode in which students take classes. The impact of such changes on students’ well-being, academic engagement, and general distress remains unknown. Therefore, this study aims to test the structural relations among positive family environment (a measure of Positive Home-Based Parent Involvement [HBI]), subjective well-being (SWB), general distress, and academic engagement, focusing on Mexican high school students. A longitudinal study was conducted covering two time points: before (T1) and during (T2) the COVID-19 outbreak. A sample of 502 students answered questionnaires in T1 whereas 111 did so in T2. Analyses were conducted using Mplus software. Principal results showed that the positive and significant association between positive family environment and SWB did not substantially change from T1 to T2, whereas the relation between positive family environment and academic engagement became stronger. Data revealed that a positive family environment can play an important role in promoting academic engagement among adolescent students despite the risks brought about by sanitary lockdowns and the increase of family interactions. Results are discussed highlighting the importance of positive family environments and HBI on academic outcomes for Mexican high school students.

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Livelihood vs. Life: The Occupational Well-Being of Women Musician Survivors of Breast Cancer

Medical Problems of Performing Artists ◽

10.21091/mppa.2012.1004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 15-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sarah Schmalenberger ◽

Charles E Gessert ◽

Jean E Giebenhain ◽

Lisa D Starr

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Side Effects ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Body Movement ◽

Well Being ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

Breast Cancer Treatment ◽

Upper Body ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Cancer Treatments

The Life and Livelihood Study was designed to describe and understand the experience of women musicians treated for breast cancer. This report focuses on Phase I of the study, a web-based survey that examined subjects’ physical symptoms and side effects following breast cancer treatment. Subjects were recruited nationally, using advertisements in musicians’ publications and presentations at national meetings. Subjects were asked about specific side effects or symptoms they had experienced, their severity and duration, and the effects of symptoms on their capacity to make music. Subjects were also asked what aspect of their breast cancer treatment they associated with each symptom and were invited to provide comments. A total of 321 individuals logged on: 100 met all inclusion criteria. Of these, 90 completed the entire survey. Commonly reported symptoms included fatigue (70%), problems with cognition (53%), limitations in upper body movement (51%), and pain (45%). Many reported that their symptoms were of moderate or greater intensity, and that they persisted for >12 months or were ongoing. The survey documented that many subjects experienced diminished capacity to function as musicians, especially due to pain, limitations in upper body and extremity movement, numbness in the chest and/or arms, contracture/fibrosis, and shortness of breath. These findings are consistent with emerging studies that describe long-term effects of breast cancer treatments. In planning for breast cancer treatment, rehabilitation and survivorship, consideration should be given to how treatment is likely to affect fitness for ongoing professional work.

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Disease-modifying therapies in advanced cancer

10.1093/med/9780198821328.003.0077 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 800-807

Author(s):

Olav Dajani ◽

Karin Jordan

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Palliative Care ◽

Side Effects ◽

Well Being ◽

Patient Comfort ◽

Optimal Care ◽

Disease Modifying ◽

Critical Components ◽

Improve Patient

In many situations, anticancer therapies may be critical components when optimizing patient comfort, function, quality of life, and duration of survival. Optimal care requires the integration of oncological and palliative care and it is very important for palliative care clinicians to be familiar with oncological approaches to improve patient well-being, and also the limitations of such approaches. This integrative role requires that palliative care clinicians have a basic literacy regarding anticancer therapies and the expectations and side effects of their treatments. Together with anticancer therapies, medical oncology should encompass patient-centred care by providing supportive and palliative interventions at all stages of the disease, from the time of diagnosis.

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The Role of Psychological Strengths, Coping Strategies and Well-Being in the Prediction of Academic Engagement and Burnout in First-Year University Students [El papel de las fortalezas psicológicas, las estrategias de Afrontamiento y el bienestar en la predicción del engagement y del burnout académico, en estudiantes universitarios de primer curso]

Acción Psicológica ◽

10.5944/ap.15.2.21831 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 51 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Richard Merhi ◽

Ángeles Sánchez-Elvira Paniagua ◽

Francisco José Palací Descals

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Learning Strategies ◽

Academic Engagement ◽

Academic Motivation ◽

Well Being ◽

First Year ◽

Personal Strengths ◽

First Year University ◽

Psychological Strengths

Two of the most significant challenges that higher education institutions are currently addressing are students' failure and drop-out prevention, as well as the promotion of students’ retention and success. The present study aimed at analysing the role that different variables play in the prediction of Academic Engagement and Burnout in first-year university students, under a multivariate perspective. The contribution of relevant psychological strengths in academic environments (Resilience, Personal initiative, and Academic Motivation), Procrastination and different coping strategies facing studies (Persistence, Avoidance and Anxiety) was explored. Also, the perception of academic demands and stress, students' affect (positive and negative) and the academic satisfaction was considered. Finally, an analysis of different engaged and burnt-out profiles of students was carried out. The contribution of the Efficacy subscale of Academic Burnout as an independent personal resource, and the consideration of the so-called Core Burnout, were subject of analysis. A sample of 172 first-year students of face-to-face universities, 68.8% women with a mean age of 22.99 years (SD = 7.62) volunteered to participate online in this study. The results showed, on the one hand, that Academic Engagement consisted mainly on a positive and intrinsic motivational construct, also characterised by academic efficacy, persistence as an active coping strategy, positive affect and satisfaction. On the other hand Core Burnout was mainly characterised by the perception of higher demands (e.g. academic overload), maladaptive learning behaviours and coping strategies such as procrastination and avoidance of difficulties, negative affect and dissatisfaction. Different profiles of engaged and burnt-out students were also analysed showing strong differences regarding personal strengths, coping with learning strategies, well-being and satisfaction with studies.These results could help us to set bases for the development of early support and prevention programs for students’ Burnout, as well as actions aiming at promoting students’ Engagement and well-being during their first academic year.

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Check the effects: systematic assessment of antipsychotic side-effects in an inpatient cohort

Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1177/2045125320957119 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 204512532095711

Author(s):

Caroline Hynes ◽

Stephen McWilliams ◽

Mark Clarke ◽

Ita Fitzgerald ◽

Larkin Feeney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Standard Dose ◽

Well Being ◽

High Dose ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Adherence Assessment ◽

Dose Combination ◽

Antipsychotic Side Effects

Background: Antipsychotics are associated with a range of side-effects that can influence patients’ subjective well-being negatively resulting in poor adherence. In order to limit the negative consequences of side-effects, they should be regularly systematically assessed. The aim of this study was to systematically assess antipsychotic side-effects in an inpatient cohort using validated rating scales. Methods: Eligible individuals prescribed an antipsychotic for at least 2 weeks were invited to have their side-effects assessed systematically. Results: A total of 208 individuals were assessed systematically for antipsychotic side-effects; 71.5% ( n = 138) stated that they had not reported side-effects to their clinician prior to the assessment. The most commonly reported side-effects were daytime drowsiness (75%), dry mouth (58.2%) and weight gain (50.0%), while the most distressing side-effects reported were erectile dysfunction (35.0%), sexual dysfunction (26.3%) and amenorrhoea (26.3%). There was no evidence of an association between side-effect severity/number of side-effects reported/distress caused by those taking high dose/combination antipsychotics versus standard dose monotherapy. Conclusion: Side-effects must be regularly and systematically assessed using a validated rating scale. As distress caused by side-effects plays a major role in non-adherence, assessment should examine distress and data on distressing side-effects should be available to those choosing an antipsychotic. Given the lack of correlation between high dose/combination antipsychotics and side-effects, treatment should be tailored to the individual based on response/tolerance and dose reduction/avoidance of polypharmacy should not be recommended to minimise side-effects.

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