Is tourism participation in protected areas the best livelihood strategy from the perspective of community development and environmental protection?

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuling Zhang ◽  
Xiao Xiao ◽  
Chunhui Zheng ◽  
Lan Xue ◽  
Yongrui Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Livelihood Strategy

scholarly journals CONTRIBUIÇÕES DAS ÁREAS MARINHAS PROTEGIDAS PARA A CONSERVAÇÃO E A GESTÃO DO AMBIENTE MARINHO

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme FOURNIER ◽  
Andrea De CASTRO PANIZZA
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Conservation And Management ◽  
Reserve Effect

Este artigo apresenta os diferentes aspectos da proteção do ambiente litorâneo abordando três pontos essenciais. O primeiro evoca a instalação de áreas marinhas protegidas (AMP) em um contexto socioeconômico e político, destacando seu funcionamento e a noção de “ efeito reserva”. O segundo mostra a importância das AMP na proteção da biodiversidade marinha. Finalmente, o terceiro ponto exemplifica a avaliação do meio natural e aborda, de maneira geral, o valor econômico das espécies e da “Natureza” na ocorrência de degradação. Contributions of the marine protected areas for the conservation and management of the marine environment Abstract This article presents the various aspects of the littoral environmental protection by approaching three important points. The first evokes the installation of the marine surfaces protected in a socio-economic and political context. The operation of the reserves and the concept of “ reserve effect “ are explained. The second explains the interest of MPA to protect the marine biodiversity. Lastly, the third point shows the evaluation of the natural environment and more generally of the economic value of the species and “Nature” in the event of degradation.

scholarly journals Thinking Like a Mountain: Exploring the Potential of Relational Approaches for Transformative Nature Conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12884
Author(s):  
J Marc Foggin ◽  
Daniele Brombal ◽  
Ali Razmkhah
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Guiding Principles ◽  
Lasting Change

Building on a review of current mainstream paradigms of nature conservation, the essence of transformations necessary for effective and lasting change are presented—namely, convivial solutions (or ‘living with others’), in which relationality and an appreciation of our interdependencies are central, in contrast to life-diminishing models of individualism and materialism/secularism. We offer several areas for improvement centred on regenerative solutions, moving beyond conventional environmental protection or biophysical restoration and focusing instead on critical multidimensional relationships—amongst people and between people and the rest of nature. We focus, in particular, on the potential of people’s values and worldviews to inform morality (guiding principles and/or beliefs about right and wrong) and ethics (societal rules defining acceptable behaviour), which alone can nurture the just transformations needed for nature conservation and sustainability at all scales. Finally, we systematize the potential of regenerative solutions against a backdrop of relational approaches in sustainability sciences. In so doing, we contribute to current endeavours of the conservation community for more inclusive conservation, expanding beyond economic valuations of nature and protected areas to include more holistic models of governance that are premised on relationally-oriented value systems.

scholarly journals Institutional Change on a Conservationist Frontier: Local Responses to a Grabbing Process in the Name of Environmental Protection

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Change ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Local Responses ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
Large Protected Areas

In a wave of global conservationism, Ecuador established two large protected areas in its Amazon region in 1979. One of these is the Reserva de Producción Faunística Cuyabeno (RPFC), located in the northeastern corner of the country. Given that this land was previously managed as commons by local indigenous groups, the establishment of protected areas has had numerous consequences for these people. The research conducted comprised three months’ fieldwork in three of the affected Siona communities, primarily through the use of participant observation. Based on the framework developed by Ensminger, this paper demonstrates how institutional change has occurred in the last few centuries with the arrival of various frontiers overriding the region. This has led to the almost total eradication of traditional institutions and the introduction of a new ideology, namely conservationism. In order to legitimize their existence in the Reserve, indigenous groups are compelled to argue in a conservationist discourse if they want to stay in their ancestral territory. The article discusses tourism as one key impact on the lives of the local Siona, alongside their response to the grabbing process, which takes the form of a re-creation of their identity, including institution shopping from below. This article contributes to the debate on commons grabbing from the perspective of local actors by arguing that institution shopping from below does not necessarily mean a loss of authenticity, considering different ontological perspectives in the process of identity construction.

scholarly journals AGROFORESTRY AS A SUSTAINABLE ALTERNATIVE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REGULARIZATION OF RURAL CONSOLIDATED OCCUPATIONS

CERNE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
Sarita Soraia de Alcântara Laudares ◽  
Luís Antônio Coimbra Borges ◽  
Patrícia Andressa de Ávila ◽  
Athila Leandro de Oliveira ◽  
Kmila Gomes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Great Expectation ◽  
Forest Code ◽  
New Forest

ABSTRACT The great expectation about the New Forest Code consisted in reducing the hermeneutics distortions and increasing legal certainty for farmers. However, the new legislation raised more uncertainties and discussions, mainly because it consolidates the anthropic use and allows of low-impact activities in areas that should, by law, be kept untouched. This study aimed to survey and to describe the legislation related to protected areas on the rural area (APP and RL), to analyze the consolidated forms of use, occupation and low impact activities that can be developed in these areas, and to propose sustainable technical alternatives for interventions in the areas already consolidated and their recovery. The text is based on literature and documents, elaborated on the survey and study of legal aspects about protected areas in rural properties of Brazil and the main low-impact farming techniques, highlighting the agroforestry systems as an alternative of consolidated occupations in environmental protection areas. The text provides in an organized way the main aspects of the legislation on such areas and describes the sustainable activities allowed in APP and RL according to the flexibility of the new Forest Code.

scholarly journals Community-Oriented Protected Areas for Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Langton ◽  
Zane Ma Rhea ◽  
Lisa Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Development Outcomes

Across the globe, community-oriented protected areas are increasingly recognised as an effective way to support the preservation and maintenance of the traditional biodiversity related knowledge of indigenous peoples and local communities. We argue that guaranteed land security and the ability of indigenous and local peoples to exercise their own governance structures is central to the success of community-oriented protected area programs. In particular, we examine the conservation and community development outcomes of the Indigenous Protected Area program in Australia, which is based on the premise that indigenous landowners exercise effective control over environmental governance, including management plans, within their jurisdiction (whether customary or state-based or a combination of elements of both), and have effective control of access to their lands, waters and resources. Key Words: community-oriented protected areas, Indigenous rights, conservation, Australia

The Déjà vu System of International Trusteeship in Continental Antarctica: A Textual Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-131
Author(s):  
Xueping Li
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Intrinsic Values ◽  
Continental Antarctica ◽  
Antarctic Treaty ◽  
Deja Vu ◽  
Déjà Vu ◽  
The Antarctic

In the name of environmental protection, the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting seems to have borrowed the paradigm of international trusteeship of the United Nations for managing the Antarctic land-based protected areas. By comparing and analysing the critical questions highly concerned, this paper offers preliminary thoughts on the development and refinement of the conception of land-based protected areas as a déjà vu system of international trusteeship and its surrounding legal applications and implications in continental Antarctica, and challenges the direction followed by this system in protecting Antarctic intrinsic values in legal discourse.

scholarly journals Carpathian Ecological Network: International Legal Basis and Ukrainian Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
Mariya Vashchyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Landscape Diversity ◽  
Ecological Network ◽  
The Carpathians ◽  
Carpathian Region

The article analyzes the importance of the Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians of 2003 (Carpathian Convention). Carpathian Convention created favourable conditions for the conservation of landscapes and biological diversity of mountain ecosystems of the Carpathian region. Carpathian Convention is a framework instrument, in other words, it determines the general principles concerning the solution of environmental, social and economic problems of the region. The Protocol on Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biological and Landscape Diversity to the Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians has been analyzed. The advantages of international cooperation of the countries of the Carpathian region in achieving a common comprehensive result – conservation of biodiversity and improvement of social and economic level of the region and its inhabitants on the grounds of sustainable development have been defined. Carpathian Convention coordinates the economic needs with the social and environmental protection, promotes the conservation of the unique and authentic cultural and natural heritage of the Carpathian ecoregion for present and future generations. Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians provides the creation of the Carpathian ecological network as a type of ecological networks at the sub-regional level, which is a part of the Pan-European ecological network. Ukraine consistently follows the bilateral and multilateral agreements, concluded with neighboring countries, concerning the protection of the environment and is involved in the creation of cross-border elements of the national ecological network. The peculiarities of the Carpathian network of protected areas have been considered. The Carpathian network of protected areas is a special form of international cooperation in environmental protection, which consists in determining by the Conference of the Parties to the Carpathian Convention the list of protected areas and in approving of regulations about them. The Conference of the Parties to the Carpathian Convention encourages the administrations of these protected areas to participate actively in international cooperation and exchange of experience in the field of the conservation of the unique biological and landscape diversity, and to reduce the negative impact on the environment of the region of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The author proves that the Carpathian Convention, except the traditional approaches concerning the protection of separate areas and species, recognizes the necessity of a broader approach to the conservation of nature. Parties to the Carpathian Convention are obliged to improve the conservation and sustainable management on the areas that are outside of protected areas, with the help of the ecosystem approach. Such an ecosystem approach to the sustainable management is applied to the spatial planning, integrated water management, agriculture, forestry, transport, infrastructure, industry, energy, tourism and cultural heritage conservation. Herewith, the interests of environmental protection shall be taken into account during the development and implementation of the economic and social policies

scholarly journals Destinação de terras públicas na Amazônia: discricionariedade entre regularização fundiária e criação de unidades de conservação numa área sob pressão agropecuária - Destination of public lands in the Amazon

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neuton Alves De Lima ◽  
Ronaldo Pereira Santos
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Public Lands ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Economic Exploitation ◽  
International Conventions

<p class="western" lang="en-US" align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span lang="pt-BR">O Poder Público deve realizar a gestão, conservação e destinação de suas terras públicas, conforme os preceitos legais e Constitucionais. Contudo, o Executivo Federal tem enfrentado resistência para criação de Unidades de Conservação (UCs) na Amazônia, em detrimento da regularização das posses. O presente artigo faz uma análise jurídica da tomada de decisão e discricionariedade da União na destinação destas terras, à luz da Constituição, das Convenções internacionais e das Leis pátrias, tendo como pano de fundo a análise do caso das UCs no Sul do Amazonas. Conclui-se que as terras públicas são priorizadas à proteção ambiental, mas ainda devem ser observadas todas as ferramentas de governança fundiária, incluindo o Zoneamento Ecológico Econômico (ZEE). O arcabouço jurídico brasileiro indica que nas glebas públicas federais, se não criadas as Terras Indígenas (TI) ou UCs, deve o poder público, subsidiariamente, buscar a regularização fundiária, considerando a aptidão e vocação das terras.</span></span></p><p class="western" lang="en-US" align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span lang="pt-BR"><br /></span></span></p><p class="western" lang="en-US" align="justify"> </p><p>Government must carry out the management, conservation and destination of its lands, according to the legal and constitutional precepts. In Amazon the Federal Government has faced resistance and criticism in setting Protected Areas (PA) in detriment of the economic exploitation by the regularization of the possessions. We make a legal analysis of the State's decision on the destination of these public lands, under Constitution, the International Conventions on the Environment and the Brazilians laws in South of Amazonas´s protected areas . Federal Public lands are prioritized for environmental protection, but all tools of land governance, including Economic Ecological Zoning (EEZ), must still be observed. In case of non-creation of Protected areas, Govenment should seek land regularization, considering the aptitude and vocation of the lands, in a subsidiary way.</p><p class="western" lang="en-US" align="justify"><span style="color: #000000;"><span lang="pt-BR"><br /></span></span></p>

Investigation of Deforestation of Environmental Protection Areas of Madeira River Permanent Preservation Areas in Rondônia Amazon, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rodrigues dos Anjos ◽  
Marla Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Indigenous Lands ◽  
Madeira River ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Areas Of Interest

The deforestation of the Amazon protected areas involves a series of deleterious environmental factors, such as social conflicts, loss of biodiversity, soil degradation, deterioration of watersheds, and environmental services offered, that still are not considered in studies of environmental impacts and when studied, are not valued economically or end up being undersized, resulting in loss of economic opportunities associated to the sustainable use of natural resources in areas of interest for conservation. This study had as objective to point out illegal activities in and around the area of special environmental protection (APA) of the Madeira River in Rondonia in accordance with the provisions of the Terms of Reference, No. 001/CAO-AMB/MP/2006, with action and support of interagency bodies BPM / PM, SEDAM, SIPAM, INCRA, IBAMA, EMBRAGEO in order to understand the dynamics of deforestation in protected areas and indigenous lands of the state.

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