Investigations on the Relationship between Wear Debris Residence Time in Lubrication Systems and Online Oil Sampling Interval

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-381
Author(s):  
Bin Fan ◽  
Song Feng ◽  
Junhong Mao ◽  
You-Bai Xie
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Production of activated carbon from corn cobs and mango kernels via H3PO4 activation and mediated hydrothermal treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 06020
Author(s):  
Joaquin Victorino Mari Armonio ◽  
Ivan Joshua Caragdag ◽  
Jaylym Aldryne Escorpizo ◽  
Karizza Mae Miranda ◽  
April Joyce Raymundo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
H3po4 Activation

In this study, the activated carbon produced from mango kernels and corn cobs by impregnating the hydrothermally treated raw materials with 85% H3PO4 were characterize for their physical surface morphology and types of surface functional groups using SEM and FT-ir, respectively. Six samples of activated carbon were submerged for 1 hour, the second sample for 2 hours, and the third sample for 3 hours. SEM results showed that both KAC (Kernel Activated Carbon) and CAC (Corn Activated Carbon) had increasing roughness and irregularity along with residence time of the samples. Results from FT-ir (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) testing of the mango kernels samples showed that a C-O stretch, C-H, C=O stretch, and C-N stretch on the surface. While corncobs consist of C-H bend, and O-H bend for the 1-HR sample. The 2-HR and 3-HR samples consist of C-O stretch, C-H wag, C-N stretch. Analysis of the relationship between residence time and adsorptive capacity was done using AAS via batch adsorption in a tri-metal solution of Cu(Copper), Ni(Nickel), and Pb(Lead) with results that showed CAC and KAC, with soaking time of 3 hours is a good adsorbent of Copper and Nickel, while soaking time of 2 hours yields the best adsorption conditions for both CAC and KAC.

The stages in a process of severe metallic wear

1956 ◽  
Vol 236 (1205) ◽  
pp. 250-264 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Debris ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Particle Size Distributions ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Wear Process ◽  
Total Wear ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Severe Type

In order to provide information about the basic processes involved in the wear of metals, a detailed study has been made of a severe type of wear. The particular system chosen was the wear of brass against a harder material under conditions in which the debris produced is metallic. Using radioactivity methods, transfer of metal between the rubbing surfaces was determined concurrently with measurements of the total wear. In experiments at various loads, the relationship between the rates of transfer and wear was studied. Particle-size distributions of the wear debris were obtained and compared with size distributions of the transferred fragments. It is concluded that wear occurs via a layer of transferred metal and that there is no direct production of loose wear particles. The wear process has at least two distinct stages; namely, the removal of metal from the wearing surface by transfer, and the formation of wear debris from the transferred layer on the opposing member. The magnitude of the applied load determines primarily the scale of the phenomena rather than the rate at which they occur.

scholarly journals Weather Conditions Associated with the Release and Dispersal of Zymoseptoria tritici Spores in the Argentine Pampas Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Cordo ◽  
C. I. Mónaco ◽  
R. Altamirano ◽  
A. E. Perelló ◽  
S. Larrán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Zymoseptoria Tritici ◽  
Spore Release ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship

The abundance of Zymoseptoria tritici ascospores and conidia in a field was examined throughout two one-year periods (1998-1999 and 1999-2000) establishing the relationship between spore release and weather variables. Radiation, temperature, intensity of rainfall, and relative humidity significantly affected the dispersal of ascospores and pycnidiospores of this pathogen. Spore traps collected both types of spores, at weekly intervals, at two different stages of the wheat crop (vegetative and wheat stubble stages) and different distances from the sources. Ascospores were the predominant sources of inoculum in the field. The numbers of ascospores and pycnidiospores declined with the increase of distance from the sources. The release of pycnidiospores was associated with the increase in rainfall intensity 7 days before the released event and the increase in radiation 60 days before the same event. Relative humidity 3 and 15 days before the release event was positively correlated with ascospores release and negatively correlated with radiation and temperature in all the sampling interval. Also for the first time, a positive correlation between radiation and pycnidiospores dispersal is reported. Understanding the relationship between environment conditions and spores dispersal event could improve the control strategies of the disease.

scholarly journals A NEW METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE DEFORMATION MONITORABLE INDICATOR OF POINT CLOUD

2016 ◽  
Vol III-7 ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
W. Xuan ◽  
X. H. Hua ◽  
W. N. Qiu ◽  
J. G. Zou ◽  
X. J. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Error Space ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Error Ellipsoid ◽  
Actual Point

With the continuous development of the terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technique, the precision of the laser scanning has been improved which makes it possible that TLS could be used for high-precision deformation monitoring. A deformation monitorable indicator (DMI) should be determined to distinguish the deformation from the error of point cloud and plays an important role in the deformation monitoring using TLS. After the DMI determined, a scheme of the deformation monitoring case could be planned to choose a suitable instrument, set up a suitable distance and sampling interval. In this paper, the point error space and the point cloud error space are modelled firstly based on the point error ellipsoid. Secondly, the actual point error is derived by the relationship between the actual point cloud error space and the point error space. Then, the DMI is determined using the actual point error. Finally, two sets of experiments is carried out and the feasibility of the DMI is proved.

Stratospheric residence time and the lifetime of volcanic aerosol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Toohey ◽  
Yue Jia ◽  
Susann Tegetmeier
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Volcanic Aerosol ◽  
Aerosol Forcing ◽  
Radiative Impact ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Common Era

<p>The cumulative radiative impact of major volcanic eruptions depends strongly on the length of time volcanic sulfate aerosol remains in the stratosphere. Observations of aerosol from recent eruptions have been used to suggest that residence time depends on the latitude of the volcanic eruption, with tropical eruptions producing aerosol loading that persists longer than that from extratropical eruptions. However, the limited number of eruptions observed make it difficult to disentangle the roles of latitude and injection height in controlling aerosol lifetime. Here we use satellite observations and model experiments to explore the relationship between eruption latitude, injection height and resulting residence time of stratospheric aerosol. We find that contrary to earlier interpretations of observations, the residence time of aerosol from major tropical eruptions like Pinatubo (1991) is on the order of 24 months. Model results suggest that the residence time is greatly sensitive to the height of the sulfur injection, especially within the lowest few kilometers of the stratosphere. As injection heights and latitudes are unknown for the majority of eruptions over the common era, we estimate the impact of this uncertainty on volcanic aerosol forcing reconstructions. </p>

215 The Relationship between Residence Time and Posture of a Vibrio alginolyticus near a Wall

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005.43 (0) ◽  
pp. 69-70
Author(s):  
Kensaku BABA ◽  
Tomonobu GOTO ◽  
Yukio MAGARIYAMA ◽  
Masaharu NISHIMURA
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
The Relationship

Correlation Between In Silico Physicochemical Characteristics of Drugs and Their Mean Residence Time in Human and Dog

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Grabowski ◽  
Jerzy Jan Jaroszewski ◽  
Shayne Cox Gad ◽  
Marcin Feder
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Mean Residence Time ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Specific Drug ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
The Relationship

The correlation between 52 physicochemical parameters and mean residence time (MRT) for 27 drugs used in human and dog were investigated. The physicochemical parameter values calculated provided a basis for deriving a series of arithmetic expressions, which were used to build a mathematical model describing the relationship between them and the MRT values. From the entire set of analyzed parameters, a subset of 14 was identified that contributed to the derivation of an arithmetic expression: [Formula: see text] the value of which is highly correlated with the MRT value in dogs ( P < .001) and allowed prediction of the MRT predicted (MRT(pred)). In humans, no correlation was found that allowed the calculation of MRT(pred). These results indicate that predicting the pharmacokinetics of any specific drug for humans based on pharmacokinetic data obtained in the dog should be undertaken with knowledge of the inherent limitations.

Oestrus in a secretive species: endogenous estradiol varies throughout the shed cycle and influences attractiveness in wild northern watersnakes (Nerodia sipedon)

Behaviour ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin C. Jellen ◽  
Sean P. Graham ◽  
Robert D. Aldridge ◽  
Ryan L. Earley
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
Pheromone Production ◽  
Nerodia Sipedon ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Reproductive Females ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sex Pheromone Production

Oestrogen (e.g., 17β-estradiol, E2) stimulates vitellogenesis, female sexual behaviour, and induces sex pheromone production throughout vertebrates. Therefore, the quantification of its role in any one these may prove challenging; particularly in taxa such as snakes where mating coincides with vitellogenesis. Studies examining steroid hormones in snakes are further confounded by the typical sampling interval (monthly) which is likely insufficient to observe the brief hormone fluctuations associated with an oestrus period. Thus, the relationship between oestrus and endogenous sex steroids in snakes remains equivocal. We sampled plasma E2 of 12 radio-equipped free-ranging adult female northern watersnakes (Nerodia sipedon) twice weekly during the 2008–2009 mating periods. Reproductive females experienced a large E2 surge coincident with shedding, movement, and male accompaniment indicating that endogenous E2 is involved in oestrus, a phenomenon that has previously not been documented in snakes.

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