Helminth parasites of the red fox Vulpes vulpes (L., 1758) and the wolf Canis lupus italicus Altobello, 1921 in Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Examples of interspecific interactions have been described for mammalian predators, but less is known regarding disturbances of native predator guilds by domestic predators. We investigated intraguild interactions among three opportunistic predators (dog ( Canis lupus familiaris L., 1758), cat ( Felis catus L., 1758), and red fox ( Vulpes vulpes (L., 1758)) co-occurring in the extensive farmlands of central Poland. Their space use was monitored using tracking stations distributed in field and forest plots along a distance gradient from buildings and analyzed using the occupancy-modeling framework. For all three species occupancy decreased with increased distance from buildings, although for the fox the pattern was relatively weak. The occurrence of cats at the stations was higher in the forest than in the field; for fox and dog, there was a strong variation between study plots. For all three predators, the probability of detection was higher during the night than during the day and varied between the seasons; however, the exact patterns were species-specific. The presence of one predator was also linked to the presence of the other two species—generally, a given species was detected more frequently in the absence of the other two species. We recorded spatiotemporal niche segregation among the three species. We conclude that interspecific antagonistic interactions and differences in foraging ecology are the main drivers shaping co-occurrence of the three species in the agriculture landscape.

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Microanatomical Observations of Hair Characteristics of Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes), Golden Jackal (Canis aureus), and Gray Wolf (Canis lupus): A Comparative Study

Pakistan Journal of Zoology ◽

10.17582/journal.pjz/20200728150743 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmet Arpacik

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Canis Lupus ◽

Vulpes Vulpes ◽

Red Fox ◽

Gray Wolf ◽

Golden Jackal ◽

Canis Aureus

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A Study on the Cestodes of Carnivores in the Northwest of Iran

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x00026559 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 277-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

I. Mobedi ◽

R. A. Bray ◽

F. Arfaa ◽

K. Movafag

Keyword(s):

Echinococcus Granulosus ◽

Canis Lupus ◽

Vulpes Vulpes ◽

Red Fox ◽

Taenia Hydatigena ◽

Taenia Multiceps ◽

Dipylidium Caninum ◽

Northwest Of Iran ◽

Taenia Taeniaeformis

A study of the intestines of 208 carnivores (red fox, wolf and cat) from three different regions of Azerbaijan, Iran, revealed 10 species of cestodes: Taenia polyacantha, Taenia endothoracica, Echinococcus tnultilocularis, Joyeuxiella echinorhynchoides and Mesocestoides lineatus were found in Vulpes vulpes; Taenia multiceps, Taenia hydatigena, Echinococcus granulosus and Dipylidium caninum in Canis lupus; Taenia taeniaeformis in Felis sp.

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First records of Dirofilaria repens in wild canids from the region of Central Balkan

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica ◽

10.1556/avet.2014.021 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 481-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Duško Ćirović ◽

Aleksandra Penezić ◽

Ivan Pavlović ◽

Zoran Kulišić ◽

Nada Ćosić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Canis Lupus ◽

Vulpes Vulpes ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Red Fox ◽

Dirofilaria Repens ◽

Canis Aureus ◽

Wild Canids ◽

Balkan Countries ◽

Human Dirofilariosis ◽

Free Ranging

Dirofilaria repens causes an emerging zoonotic disease in Europe, particularly in its southern part, the Mediterranean region. Many reports on human dirofilariosis have been published recently, but little is known about the wildlife hosts and reservoirs of this parasite in nature. This paper presents the first records of adult D. repens specimens from free-ranging carnivores in Central Balkan countries (Serbia and Macedonia). During the period 2009–2013, a total of 145 regularly shot canids were examined for the presence of D. repens adults. In order to investigate their role as hosts and potential wild reservoirs of this zoonosis, 71 wolves (Canis lupus), 48 foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and 26 jackals (Canis aureus) were examined. Under the skin of two wolves (one from Serbia and one from Macedonia) and of a red fox from Serbia D. repens adults were found. In all three cases only one parasite was present. Further research on wild canids is needed, particularly on species widening their range (such as jackals) and those living near human settlements (foxes and jackals), which facilitates the transmission of the parasites to dogs and humans.

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Australian native mammals recognize and respond to alien predators: a meta-analysis

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2018.0857 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 285 (1885) ◽

pp. 20180857 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Peter B. Banks ◽

Alexandra J. R. Carthey ◽

Jenna P. Bytheway

Keyword(s):

Risk Taking ◽

Canis Lupus ◽

Vulpes Vulpes ◽

Red Fox ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Antipredator Behaviour ◽

Feral Cat ◽

Antipredator Responses ◽

Prey Naiveté ◽

Prey Naïveté

Prey naiveté is a failure to recognize novel predators and thought to cause exaggerated impacts of alien predators on native wildlife. Yet there is equivocal evidence in the literature for native prey naiveté towards aliens. To address this, we conducted a meta-analysis of Australian mammal responses to native and alien predators. Australia has the world's worst record of extinction and declines of native mammals, largely owing to two alien predators introduced more than 150 years ago: the feral cat, Felis catus , and European red fox, Vulpes vulpes . Analysis of 94 responses to predator cues shows that Australian mammals consistently recognize alien foxes as a predation threat, possibly because of thousands of years of experience with another canid predator, the dingo, Canis lupus dingo . We also found recognition responses towards cats; however, in four of the seven studies available, these responses were of risk-taking behaviour rather than antipredator behaviour. Our results suggest that a simple failure to recognize alien predators is not behind the ongoing exaggerated impacts of alien predators in Australia. Instead, our results highlight an urgent need to better understand the appropriateness of antipredator responses in prey towards alien predators in order to understand native prey vulnerability.

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Helminths of Wild Predatory Mammals of Ukraine. Nematodes

Vestnik Zoologii ◽

10.1515/vzoo-2017-0026 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 187-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

E. I. Varodi ◽

A. M. Malega ◽

Y. I. Kuzmin ◽

V. V. Kornyushin

Keyword(s):

Canis Lupus ◽

Vulpes Vulpes ◽

Red Fox ◽

Nematode Species ◽

Lynx Lynx ◽

Felis Silvestris ◽

Forest Zone ◽

The North ◽

Comprehensive Information ◽

The Family

Abstract The article summarizes information on the nematodes parasitic in wild Carnivora of Ukraine. Totally, 50 species of nematodes are known to parasitise carnivorans in the country, 30 species were registered in the present study. Nematodes were found in 14 species of examined hosts from the families Canidae, Mustelidae and Felidae. Maximum diversity of nematodes of carnivorans was observed in Polissia (forest zone in the north of the country) and in Kherson Region in the south. Hosts from the family Canidae harboured 19 nematode species; studied species of the Mustelidae were infected with 15 nematode species, 6 of them were also found in Canidae. The wildcat (Felis silvestris Schreber) and the lynx (Lynx lynx Linnaeus) harboured only two species of nematodes, both are specific parasites of these hosts. The most comprehensive information concerns the nematode communities of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus) and the wolf (Canis lupus Linnaeus), with 19 and 9 nematode species found, correspondingly. From 1 to 6 nematode species were found in other species of carnivorans.

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Distinguishing characteristics of the hairs of wild and domestic canids from Alberta

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z82-080 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 536-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alan. J. Kennedy

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Canis Lupus ◽

Vulpes Vulpes ◽

Red Fox ◽

Canis Familiaris ◽

Domestic Dog ◽

Red Foxes ◽

Distinguishing Features ◽

Region Size ◽

Band Number

Dorsal, ventral, and lateral guard hairs were examined from 12 wolves (Canis lupus), 14 coyotes (Canis latrans), six domestic dogs (Canis familiaris), and six red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) to determine distinguishing features. Wolf and coyote hairs are not separable using present techniques. However, wolf–coyote hair can be identified by its total length, band number and size, and distinctive basal cuticle scale pattern. Red fox hair is characteristic in its length, color, tip region size, basal cuticle scale pattern, and medulla cross section. Domestic dog hair is identified by its length and basal cuticle scale pattern. Several macroscopic and microscopic hair characteristics of Alberta canids are different from those of eastern canids.

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