Effect of gene polymorphisms in transmembrane protein 18 (TMEM18) and neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) on body mass index in obese subjects

Abstract Background A significant relationship has been documented in the literature between the autonomic nervous system imbalance and cardiovascular mortality. In patients with autonomic failure, water ingestion has been shown to increase blood pressure (BP), induce bradycardia, and cause low heart rate variability (HRV). A few studies showed the altered HRV as an acute effect of ice water intake in healthy subjects. None of the studies have shown light on the relationship of BP and HRV to ice water intake in obese and overweight subjects. The present study is aimed to correlate BP and HRV with body mass index (BMI) after ice water ingestion. Methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 60 subjects of both sexes aged between 18 and 24 years old. Subjects were assigned into three groups based on their BMI: normal, overweight, and obese. Before and after ice water ingestion, BP and HRV parameters were recorded and compared between the groups. Statistically data were analyzed by Student’s paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance. Results Basal HF was significant (p<0.05) in all three groups after ice water ingestion [F(2, 27), 44.1; p-value, 0.02]. After ice water ingestion, all HRV values were significant (p<0.001) in the three groups. The post-hoc Tukey HSD test demonstrated the less mean score for mean RR interval, standard deviation of all NN interval, standard deviation of differences between adjacent, HF and high for HR, LF, and LHR in overweight and obese subjects. Conclusions Because of the effective buffering system, healthy subjects showed increased HR and unchanged BP. Overweight and obese subjects showed decreased HR and increased BP.

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Frequency of Dyslipidemia in Obese

10.53350/pjmhs2115102831 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2831-2832

Author(s):

Ambreen Asif ◽

Kashif Aziz Ahmad ◽

Sohaib Akbar ◽

Talha Munir

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Body Mass ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obese Subjects

Objective: frequency of dyslipidemia in obese subjects Methodology: In this was a cross sectional study, we included a total of 100 cases, between 30 and 70 years of age of either gender having body mass index >30 whereas we excluded all those cases who were already taking treatment of dyslipidemia. A fasting blood sample was followed for lipid profile from the hospital lab and results were followed for presence/absence of dyslipidemia. Results: In this trial, mean age was 44.57+8.52 years. Mean lipid profile was recorded as 210.17+36.73 total cholesterol, 178.83+12.10 triglycerides, 133.55+9.74 LDL and 34.42+6.58 HDL. Mean Body mass index was calculated as 34.11+7.25. Frequency of dyslipidemia in obese subjects was recorded as 51%(n=51) Conclusion: We concluded that frequency of dyslipidemia is higher in obese subjects coming to a tertiary care hospital Lahore. So, it is recommended that every patient who present with obesity, should be sort out for dyslipidemia. However, it is also required that every setup should have their surveillance in order to know the frequency of the problem Keywords: Obese, dyslipidemia, frequency

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An investigation into the effect of body mass index on the agreement between whole-body fat mass determined by MRI and air-displacement plethysmography

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/bjr.20190300 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 92 (1103) ◽

pp. 20190300

Author(s):

Andrew D. Weedall ◽

Adrian J. Wilson ◽

Sarah C. Wayte

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Fat Mass ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Test Objects

Objective: To validate MRI fat measurement protocols using purpose built test objects and by comparison with air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) whole-body fat measurements in non-obese subjects. Methods: Test objects of known fat concentration were used to quantify the accuracy of the MRI measurements. 10 participants with a body mass index in the range 18–30 underwent whole-body MRI using two different Dixon-based sequences (LAVA Flex and IDEAL IQ) to obtain an estimate of their whole-body fat mass. The MRI determined fat mass was compared to the fat mass determined by ADP. Results: MRI test object measurements showed a high correlation to expected fat percentage (r > 0.98). The participant MRI and ADP results were highly correlated (r = 0.99) but on average (mean ± standard deviation) MRI determined a higher fat mass than ADP (3.8 ± 3.1 kg for LAVA Flex and 1.9 ± 3.2 kg for IDEAL IQ). There was no trend in the difference between MRI and ADP with total fat mass. Conclusion: The good agreement between MRI and ADP shows that Dixon-based MRI can be used effectively as a tool in physiological research for non-obese adults. Advances in knowledge: This work found that for ten non-obese subjects body mass index had no effect on the MRI determination of whole-body fat mass.

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Mo1963 - Lactobacillus Probiotics Reduce Body Mass Index, Body Weight, and Fat Mass in Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(18)32927-5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 154 (6) ◽

pp. S-865-S-866 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

George Kunnackal John ◽

Lin Wang ◽

Julie Nanavati ◽

Rajdeep Singh ◽

Gerard Mullin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Body Mass ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Obese Subjects

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Fasting Ghrelin Levels Are Decreased in Obese Subjects and Are Significantly Related With Insulin Resistance and Body Mass Index

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2017.182 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 699-702 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dimitrios Papandreou ◽

Christos Karavolias ◽

Fotini Arvaniti ◽

Eleana Kafeza ◽

Fatima Sidawi

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Insulin Levels ◽

Amino Acid Peptide ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Metabolic Functions ◽

Fasting Plasma ◽

Overnight Fasting ◽

Obese Subjects

BACKGROUND: Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid peptide that predominantly produced by the stomach. Strong evidence indicates the effects of ghrelin in the regulation of metabolic functions and its potential role in the aetiology of obesity.AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of ghrelin levels with obesity, insulin resistance and glucose in normal and obese subjects.METHODS: Thirteen normal (n = 13) and seven (n = 7) obese weight subjects aged 20-22 participated in the study. Fasting plasma ghrelin, insulin and glucose levels were measured after overnight fasting. HOMA-IR was calculated to evaluate insulin resistance.RESULTS: Ghrelin and insulin levels were found to be statistically significantly lower and higher in obese subjects (P < 0.001), respectively. Glucose levels were clinically higher in obese subjects but not statistically significant. Fasting plasma ghrelin was negatively correlated with BMI (r = -0.77, P < 0.001), fasting insulin levels (r = -0.55, P < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (r = -0.66, P < 0.001). There was no correlation between ghrelin and glucose. In multiple regression analysis, insulin levels (Beta: -2.66, 95% CI: -2.49, -2.78, P < 0.001) HOMA-IR (Beta: -2.41, 95% CI: -2.33, -2.55, P < 0.001) and BMI (Beta: -1.77, 95% CI: -1.66, -1.89, P < 0.001) were significant independent determinants of fasting ghrelin.CONCLUSION: Obese subjects have low fasting ghrelin levels that they are significantly related to insulin resistance and body mass index. More prospective studies are needed to establish the role of ghrelin in the pathogenesis of human obesity.

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Segregation Analysis of Body Mass Index in a Large Sample Selected for Obesity: The Swedish Obese Subjects Study

Obesity Research ◽

10.1002/j.1550-8528.1999.tb00403.x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 246-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Treva Rice ◽

C. David Sjöström ◽

Louis Pérusse ◽

D. C. Rao ◽

Lars Sjöström ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Segregation Analysis ◽

Large Sample ◽

Obese Subjects

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A High-Fat Diet Elicits Differential Responses in Genes Coordinating Oxidative Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle of Lean and Obese Individuals

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2010-2253 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 96 (3) ◽

pp. 775-781 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

K. E. Boyle ◽

J. P. Canham ◽

L. A. Consitt ◽

D. Zheng ◽

T. R. Koves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Lipid Oxidation ◽

Body Mass ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Insulin Resistant ◽

Before And After ◽

Mrna Content ◽

Obese Subjects

Context: In lean individuals, increasing dietary lipid can elicit an increase in whole body lipid oxidation; however, with obesity the capacity to respond to changes in substrate availability appears to be compromised. Objective: To determine whether the responses of genes regulating lipid oxidation in skeletal muscle differed between lean and insulin resistant obese humans upon exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD). Design and Setting: A 5-d prospective study conducted in the research unit of an academic center. Participants: Healthy, lean (n = 12; body mass index = 22.1 ± 0.6 kg/m2), and obese (n=10; body mass index = 39.6 ± 1.7 kg/m2) males and females, between ages 18 and 30. Intervention: Participants were studied before and after a 5-d HFD (65% fat). Main Outcome Measures: Skeletal muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were obtained in the fasted and fed states before and after the HFD and mRNA content for genes involved with lipid oxidation determined. Skeletal muscle acylcarnitine content was determined in the fed states before and after the HFD. Results: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) α mRNA content increased in lean, but not obese, subjects after a single high-fat meal. From Pre- to Post-HFD, mRNA content exhibited a body size × HFD interaction, where the lean individuals increased while the obese individuals decreased mRNA content for pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4, uncoupling protein 3, PPARα, and PPARγ coactivator-1α (P ≤ 0.05). In the obese subjects medium-chain acylcarnitine species tended to accumulate, whereas no change or a reduction was evident in the lean individuals. Conclusions: These findings indicate a differential response to a lipid stimulus in the skeletal muscle of lean and insulin resistant obese humans.

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Pituitary-testicular axis in obese men during short-term fasting

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.1210727 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 121 (5) ◽

pp. 727-732 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sven Röjdmark ◽

Anette Asplund ◽

Stephan Rössner

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Food Deprivation ◽

Obese Group ◽

Short Term ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Normal Men

Abstract. To investigate whether short-term fasting affects the pituitary-testicular axis in obese subjects, 9 massively obese men (Body Mass Index 39.0 ± 1.3, mean± sem) were given two identical iv GnRH tests, the first (control) after an overnight fast, the second after 56 h of food deprivation. Short-term fasting augmented the GnRH-induced LH incremental area by 26%(1317±251 vs 1661 ± 297 U · 1−1 · min−1, p <0.05), but failed to affect the corresponding testosterone incremental area. Eight non-obese normal men (Body Mass Index 22.2 ± 0.5) were investigated for comparison. All of them were studied according to the same protocol as the obese group. Short-term fasting increased the GnRH-elicited LH response by 67% in the non-obese group (LH incremental areas 2147 ± 304 vs 3581 ± 256, p <0.01), and the corresponding testosterone response by 180% (testosterone incremental areas 111 ±61 vs 311±49 μg · 1−1 · min−1, p <0.01). These results imply that food deprivation affects the pituitary-testicular axis differently in obese and non-obese men.

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