Reference Values of Lead in Blood and Related Factors Among Blood Donors in the Western Amazon, Brazil

Aim: To establish the reference values of hematological parameters in blood donors of all the four provinces of Pakistan as a general population. Methods: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted from Jan 2017-Oct 2017 in the blood bank and the Dept. of Haematology, The CH&ICH, Lahore, Fatimid Foundation, Karachi, Bolan medical college, Quetta, Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion, Rawalpindi & Ayub medical college, Abbottabad, KPK. Blood samples of 1060 male and female blood donors were collected from the blood banks of all the centers mentioned above. CBC and differential were performed using an automated hematology analyzer in the respective departments. Results: The mean and 95% reference values (2.5th-97.5th) for males WBC 7.752+4.506×109 cells/L, RBC 4.958 +1.331, HB 14.258 +3.423 g/dl, HCT 41.967 +16.345, MCV 84.584 +15.933, PLT 219.485 +197.331, LYM 3.346 +10.112, NEUT 6.843+23.557, MONO 0.811 +3.601, EO 0.327 +0.995. For females WBC 7.174+3.037, RBC4.567 +1.086, HB 12.972 +2.752, HCT39.647 +48.186, PLT 264.07+175.079, LYM 2.537+5.005, NEUT 4.769+11.314, MONO 0.460 +0.909, EO 0.188+0.39 Conclusion: The hematological profile of the population in all four provinces of Pakistan differed from the reports of other countries and the standard reference ranges described in the textbook. So, our own hematological parameters must be followed. More studies must be carried out on other age groups and even on adults to strengthen our results. Keywords: Normal reference values, Complete blood count, Healthy adults of Pakistan

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Serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and related factors among blood donors of Rio Branco, Acre state, Brazil

ISEE Conference Abstracts ◽

10.1289/isee.2016.3650 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Carmen Freire* ◽

Rosalina Koifman ◽

Sergio Koifman

Keyword(s):

Organic Pollutants ◽

Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Related Factors

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Share experiences: receiving word of mouth and its effect on relationships with donors

Journal of Services Marketing ◽

10.1108/jsm-08-2016-0319 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 322-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Larissa M. Sundermann

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Online Survey ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Word Of Mouth ◽

Reference Group ◽

Service Research ◽

Related Factors ◽

Content Type ◽

Non Profit ◽

The Impact

PurposeAlthough antecedents and consequences for the sender of word of mouth (WOM) are well evaluated in many research fields, non-profit service research focusing on consequences for WOM receivers is limited. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to provide evidence for the positive effect that WOM has on commitment, trust, satisfaction and identification (relationship-related factors) and on intentional loyalty of blood donors. Furthermore, the role of the social reference group and the incentive ethics are analysed.Design/methodology/approachBlood donors of the German Red Cross Blood Donor Service were invited to take part in an online survey during May/June 2016. A total of 702 (23.74 per cent) blood donors, who first donated in 2015/2016, participated. The data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling.FindingsThe results provide evidence that the mere presence of receiving WOM positively influences commitment, satisfaction and identification as well as intentional loyalty. The negative moderation effect of incentive ethics was partially confirmed.Practical implicationsThis study recommends using WOM approaches to bind donors but first evaluating the exact consequences of provided WOM rewards. WOM is an effective strategy, and non-profit organizations (NPOs) should use this to strengthen their relationship with donors.Originality valueThe paper provides and tests a theoretical framework to evaluate the impact of receiving WOM on relationship-related factors and intentional loyalty. It fills a gap in current discussions about the effectiveness of WOM as a marketing strategy to strengthen donor–NPO relationships.

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Symptoms in the general Norwegian adult population - prevalence and associated factors

10.21203/rs.2.20079/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hilde Krogstad ◽

Jon Håvard Loge ◽

Kjersti Grotmol ◽

Stein Kaasa ◽

Cecilie Essholt Kiserud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reference Values ◽

Adult Population ◽

Population Sample ◽

Symptom Burden ◽

Related Factors ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Sum Score ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Patient Health

Abstract Background Patients´ own perceptions and evaluations of symptoms, functioning and other health-related factors, i.e. Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs), are important elements for providing good patient care. Symptoms are subjective and best elicited by the patient orally or by using PRO measures (PROMs). Reference values on frequently used PROMs facilitate the interpretation of PROMs scores both in clinics and research settings, by comparing patient data with relevant samples from the general population. Objectives Study objectives were to (1) present reference values for the M.D. Anderson Symptom inventory (MDASI) (2) examine the occurrence and intensity of symptoms assessed by the MDASI in a general Norwegian adult population sample, and (3) examine factors associated with higher symptom burden defined as the sum score of all symptoms, and factors associated with symptoms` interference on functions Methods In 2015, MDASI was sent by mail to a representative sample of the general Norwegian adult population (N = 6165). Medical comorbidities were assessed by the Self-Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire. Depression was self-reported on the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9). Linear multivariable regression analysis was used to examine for factors associated with MDASI sum score and factors associated with symptoms’ interference on functions. Results The response rate was 36%. More females (54%) than males (46%) responded. Mean age was 55 years (SD 14). The most frequent symptoms were fatigue (59.7%), drowsiness (56.2%) and pain (56.1%). Fatigue, pain and disturbed sleep had the highest mean scores. The presence of one or more comorbidities, increasing PHQ-9 score and lower level of education were associated with higher MDASI sum score (p<0.001). The MDASI sum score and the PHQ-9 score were positively associated with all interference items (p<0.001) except for walking (p=0.22). Conclusion This study provides the first Norwegian reference values for the MDASI. The presence of one or more comorbidities, higher level of depressive symptoms and lower level of education were significantly associated with higher MDASI sum score. These covariates must be controlled for when using the reference values.

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Reference values of galectin-3 and cardiac troponins derived from a single cohort of healthy blood donors

Clinica Chimica Acta ◽

10.1016/j.cca.2016.02.014 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 456 ◽

pp. 19-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Thomas Mueller ◽

Margot Egger ◽

Isabella Leitner ◽

Christian Gabriel ◽

Meinhard Haltmayer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reference Values ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Galectin 3 ◽

Cardiac Troponins ◽

Single Cohort

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Thyroid hormone levels in late preterm, early term and term infants: a study with healthy neonates revealing reference values and factors affecting thyroid hormones

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2017-0215 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ozge Nur Aktas ◽

Tugba Gursoy ◽

Elif Soysal ◽

Ecem Esencan ◽

Secil Ercin

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Thyroid Hormone ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Reference Values ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Thyroid Function Tests ◽

Related Factors ◽

Tsh Levels

AbstractBackground:Thyroid function tests in neonates have been challenging to interpret because their levels are affected by several neonatal and delivery-related factors. The aim of the study was to evaluate reference values of thyroxine (T4) and thyrotropin (TSH) levels in different gestational age groups and to demonstrate the affect of perinatal factors on thyroid hormones.Methods:Medical records of 7616 neonates whose gestational age ranges between 34 and 42 weeks were analyzed retrospectively. Gender, mode of delivery, gestational age, postnatal age and birth weight were noted together with TSH and T4 levels.Results:Gestational age (r=0.14, p<0.001) and birth weight (r=0.12, p<0.001) had positive correlation with T4 levels, whereas they had no effect on TSH levels. Males had higher TSH and lower T4 levels (p=0.001 for both) compared with females. T4 levels of babies born via vaginal delivery were lower than the ones born via cesarean section (p=0.01). Multivariable analysis yielded gestational age as the only factor affecting T4 levels (p<0.001). T4 and TSH levels based on 2.5–97.5 percentile cutoffs according to gestational age were presented.Conclusions:The thyroid hormone ranges given in this study can help pediatricians to interpret the thyroid hormone results with ease.

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Reference values of hemostasis related factors of healthy Japanese adults II. protein C

Thrombosis Research ◽

10.1016/0049-3848(91)90154-o ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 345-351

Author(s):

Chieko Tahara ◽

Mutsuyoshi Kazama ◽

Yukari Miyajima ◽

Kenji Matsumoto ◽

Takeshi Abe

Keyword(s):

Reference Values ◽

Protein C ◽

Related Factors ◽

Japanese Adults

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Haematological profile of healthy adult blood donors in Mwanza, Tanzania

Tanzania Journal of Health Research ◽

10.4314/thrb.v20i3.4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Ally Faya ◽

Mwesige Charles ◽

Larry Fred Sembajwe ◽

Haruna I. Dika

Keyword(s):

Haemoglobin Level ◽

Reference Values ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Healthy Adult ◽

Local Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reference Ranges ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Ranges ◽

Haematological Profile

Background: While it is customary to apply the same haematological reference ranges, variations exist between populations. This study was conducted to determine hematologic profiles among a local population of north-western Tanzania.Methods: This was a cross sectional study, which enrolled healthy adult blood donors in Mwanza, Tanzania. Collected blood samples were put in EDTA-coated tubes and haematological indices were determined using Auto Hematology-Analyzer. Results are summarized in medians plus 95% interquartile ranges and compared using either Mann–Whitney U or Kruskal–Wallis tests depending on appropriateness.Results: A total of 163 (143 males and 20 females) adult healthy blood donors (median age= 31 years) were enrolled. We found a median haemoglobin level of 15.1 g/dL [10.5-23.8], erythrocytes of 5.3x106/µL [4.1-8.3 x106], haematocrit of 44.0 % [32.4-71.4], total leucocytes of 4300 cells/μL [1700-8500], lymphocytes 1700/μL [800-3000], neutrophils 2100/μL [300-5300]; mid-sized cells (monocytes, eosinophils and basophils) of 400/μL [100-1400] and platelets of 194x103/μL [55.2-379.0 x103]. We observed significantly higher haemoglobin level (P = 0.017) as well as erythrocytes (P = 0.012) and haematocrit (p = 0.006) among males than females. Conclusion: The percentile range (2.5%-97.5%) which can be used to determine the higher and lower values of haematological profile normal ranges for most indices differ from Western adopted reference values. Therefore, we recommend a large study to establish local normal hematologic reference values.

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