Contralateral protective effect against repeated bout of damaging exercise: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sunggun Jeon ◽  
Minsoo Kang ◽  
Xin Ye
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Repeated Bout

scholarly journals Effect of probiotic fermented dairy products on incidence of respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Rashidi ◽  
Bahman Razi ◽  
Mina Darand ◽  
Azadeh Dehghani ◽  
Parisa Janmohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Fermented Dairy Products ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Fermented Dairy

Abstract Background Previous studies have suggested that the consumption of probiotic fermented dairy products (PFDP) may have a protective effect on respiratory tract infections (RTIs). However, the results of studies are inconclusive. We aimed to systematically investigate the effect of PFDP on RTIs by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods PubMed and Scopus databases were systematically searched up to October 2020 to identify eligible RCTs. Meta-analysis outcomes were risk of incidence of upper (URTIs ) and lower (LRTIs ) respiratory tract infections. A random-effects model was used to pool the relative risks (RR) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for outcomes following conception of PFDP. Results A total of 22 RCTs, with a total sample size of 10,190 participants, were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, consumption of PFDP had a significant protective effect against RTIs in the overall analysis (RR = 0.81, 95 %CI: 0.74 to 0.89) and in children (RR = 0.82, 95 %CI: 0.73 to 0.93), adults (RR = 0.81, 95 %CI: 0.66 to 1.00), and elderly population (RR = 0.78, 95 %CI: 0.61 to 0.98). The significant decreased risk of RTIs was also observed for URTIs (RR = 0.83, 95 %CI: 0.73 to 0.93), while, this effect was marginal for LRTIs (RR = 0.78, 95 %CI: 0.60 to 1.01, P = 0.06). The disease-specific analysis showed that PFDP have a protective effect on pneumonia (RR = 0.76, 95 %CI: 0.61 to 0.95) and common cold (RR = 0.68, 95 %CI: 0.49 to 0.96). Conclusions Consumption of PFDP is a potential dietary approach for the prevention of RTIs.

scholarly journals The relationship between dairy products intake and breast cancer incidence: a meta-analysis of observational studies

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujing He ◽  
Qinghua Tao ◽  
Feifei Zhou ◽  
Yuexiu Si ◽  
Rongrong Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Fermented Dairy Products ◽  
Fermented Dairy ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The effect of dairy products intake on breast cancer (BC) is highly controversial. This study aims to investigate the relationship between dairy intake and BC incidence. Methods A search was carried out in PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases before January 2021. The primary objective was the risk of BC and intake of dairy products were exposure variables. Results The meta-analysis comprised 36 articles with 1,019,232 participants. Total dairy products have a protective effect on female population (hazard ratio (HR) =0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) =0.91–0.99, p = 0.019), especially for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) (HR = 0.79, p = 0.002) and progesterone receptor-positive (PR+) BC (HR = 0.75, p = 0.027). For ER+/PR+ BC, there is a trend of protection, but it has not reached statistical significance (HR = 0.92, p = 0.075). Fermented dairy products can reduce BC risk in postmenopausal population (HR = 0.96, 95%CI = 0.93–0.99, p = 0.021), but have no protective effect on premenopausal population (HR = 0.98, 95%CI = 0.94–1.03, p = 0.52). Non-fermented dairy products have no significant effect on BC occurrence (p > 0.05). High-fat dairy products are harmful to women, without statistical difference (HR = 1.06, 95%CI = 1.00–1.13, p = 0.066). On the contrary, low-fat dairy products can protect the premenopausal population (HR = 0.94, 95%CI = 0.89–1.00, p = 0.048). Conclusion The intake of dairy products can overall reduce BC risk in the female population, but different dairy products have varying effects on different BC subtypes and menopausal status.

Cell Phone Conversation and Relative Crash Risk Update

2018 ◽  
pp. 5992-6006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Recent Experimental Study ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Naturalistic Driving

This chapter reviews key findings since 2014 that are relevant to estimating the relative crash risk of conversing via a cell phone during real-world and naturalistic driving in passenger vehicles. It updates chapter 102 in the previous edition of this Encyclopedia (Young, 2015a). The objective is to determine if recent data confirms the conclusion in Young (2015a) that engaging in a cell phone conversation does not increase crash risk beyond that of driving without engaging in a cell phone conversation. In particular, a recent estimate is presented of the relative crash risk for cell phone conversation in the Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP2) naturalistic driving study data. This estimate is compared with five other estimates in a meta-analysis, which shows that cell phone conversation reduces crash risk (i.e., has a protective effect). A recent experimental study will also be discussed, which supports the hypothesis that driver self-regulation gives rise to the protective effect by compensating for the slight delays in event response times during cell phone conversation.

scholarly journals Does exercise have a protective effect on cognitive function under hypoxia? A systematic review with meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 562-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myungjin Jung ◽  
Liye Zou ◽  
Jane Jie Yu ◽  
Seungho Ryu ◽  
Zhaowei Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals 0430 Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Caffeine on Neurodegenerative Cognitive Decline

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A164-A166
Author(s):  
E Taylor ◽  
W D Killgore
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Aging Populations

Abstract Introduction Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and dementia are common forms of neurodegenerative cognitive decline in aging populations. Alertness, attention, and sleep patterns are often impaired in dementia and MCI and can affect ongoing cognition. Given the current lack of treatment options, it is important to identify protective factors. Caffeine is a commonly consumed substance which has been demonstrated in previous observational studies to have a protective effect on the onset of MCI and the progression of MCI to AD. Methods A meta-analysis of longitudinal prospective cohort studies published up to December 2017 was conducted comparing highest vs lowest reported category of caffeine consumption on neurodegenerative outcomes. Three databases were searched including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Two investigators independently extracted data and assessed study quality. 13 studies were selected including 94880 participants. The effect size was reported as RRs with ORs and HRs treated as approximations of the RRs. Results A meta-analysis conducted using random effects showed a pooled RR of .84, 95% CI (0.75, 0.93) indicating a moderate protective effect in higher levels of caffeine consumption compared to lower levels. By outcome, AD had a RR of 1.14 with 95% CI (0.69, 1.90); dementia had a RR of 0.81 (0.72, 0.92); cognitive decline had a RR of 0.81 (0.55, 1.18); and MCI had a RR of 0.78 (0.65, 0.93). Conclusion Overall this meta-analysis suggests that compared with the lowest category, the highest caffeine intake category is inversely related to the incidence of age-related cognitive disorders, with this relationship being most apparent for dementia and MCI. Given that caffeine is well accepted and consumed widely in a variety of forms, caffeine in moderate doses, may prove beneficial in sustaining cognitive functioning. Further work will examine the hypothesis that increased alertness and attention with caffeine may sustain cognition through use dependent plasticity or circadian modulation. Support None

scholarly journals Association between genetic polymorphisms and osteonecrosis in steroid treatment populations: a detailed stratified and dose-response meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Ming Jing ◽  
Xiaoge Yang
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Steroid Treatment ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Cumulative Dosage ◽  
Mutation Carriers

Abstract Steroid treatment has become recognized as an important risk factor for avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head. However, not all patients who receive long-term, high-dose steroids develop osteonecrosis, indicating that there are individual differences in occurrence. We explored the relationship between polymorphisms and steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) incidence with variables. We used a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model, which is an expansion of logistic regression, for each type of steroid, primary disease, drug dose, applied duration, and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). We also conducted a dose-response meta-analysis to analyze the cumulative dosage and SONFH risk in mutation carriers. There were significant correlations between the ABCB1 rs1045642 mutant and SONFH in the prednisone-use and methylprednisolone/prednisone-use populations. The ABCB1 rs2032582 mutant homozygote had a protective effect in the methylprednisolone/prednisolone renal transplant population. For ApoB rs693, mutation increased the incidence of SONFH in prednisone-use and methylprednisolone/prednisolone-use populations and renal transplant patients. For ApoB rs1042031, mutation increased the risk of SONFH in the prednisone-use population. The PAI-1 rs1799768 mutation had a protective effect on the SONFH risk prednisone-use and renal transplant populations. ABCB1 rs1045642 mutations have a protective effect against SONFH, and ApoB rs693 and rs1042031 increase the SONFH risk. Cumulative dosage and treatment duration had little effect on the results. In addition, there was a dose-effect correlation in ABCB1 rs1045642 and rs2032582 mutation carriers.

scholarly journals Impact of Physical Activity on Cognitive Decline, Dementia, and Its Subtypes: Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris B. Guure ◽  
Noor A. Ibrahim ◽  
Mohd B. Adam ◽  
Salmiah Md Said
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nonparametric Models

The association of physical activity with dementia and its subtypes has remained controversial in the literature and has continued to be a subject of debate among researchers. A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies on the relationship between physical activity and the risk of cognitive decline, all-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and vascular dementia among nondemented subjects are considered. A comprehensive literature search in all available databases was conducted up until April 2016. Well-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed with focus on prospective studies ≥ 12 months. The overall sample from all studies is 117410 with the highest follow-up of 28 years. The analyses are performed with both Bayesian parametric and nonparametric models. Our analysis reveals a protective effect for high physical activity on all-cause dementia, odds ratio of 0.79, 95% CI (0.69, 0.88), a higher and better protective effect for Alzheimer’s disease, odds ratio of 0.62, 95% CI (0.49, 0.75), cognitive decline odds ratio of 0.67, 95% CI (0.55, 0.78), and a nonprotective effect for vascular dementia of 0.92, 95% CI (0.62, 1.30). Our findings suggest that physical activity is more protective against Alzheimer’s disease than it is for all-cause dementia, vascular dementia, and cognitive decline.

Factor XIII Val34Leu variant protects against coronary artery disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (03) ◽  
pp. 458-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Bereczky ◽  
Éva Katona ◽  
Róza Ádány ◽  
László Muszbek ◽  
Zoltán Vokó
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Factor Xiii ◽  
Empirical Bayes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

SummarySeveral studies suggested that Val34Leu variant of factor XIII (FXIII) might have a protective effect against coronary artery disease (CAD), but studies not supporting these findings have also been published. The authors performed a meta-analysis of 16 studies on 5,346 cases and 7,053 controls that investigated the association between Val34Leu polymorphism and CAD defined as history of myocardial infarction or significant stenosis on a coronary artery assessed by coronary angiography. Because of the heterogeneity of the study-specific results, the pooled effect estimates were calculated by a random-effects empirical Bayes model. The combined odds ratios for CAD were 0.82 (95% confidence interval [95% Cl] 0.73, 0.94) for the heterozygotes of the FXIIIVal34Leu variant, 0.89 (95% CI 0.69, 1.13) for the homozygotes, and 0.81 (95% CI 0.70, 0.92) for the heterozygotes and homozygotes combined. The results were essentially the same when only myocardial infarction was considered as outcome. The beneficial effect of the polymorphism might be smaller than the effect estimates obtained in this metaanalysis, because the analysis raised the possibility of publication bias. Data published in the literature suggest that gene-gene and gene-environmental interactions might significantly influence the protective effect of FXIII-AVal34Leu polymorphism.

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