Extraction and utilization of biodiesel from tannery fleshing waste in a diesel engine equipped with common rail direct injection system for cleaner emission

Advanced electronically controlled diesel engines require a feedback signal to the ECU to adjust different operating parameters and meet demands for power, better fuel economy and low emissions. Different types of in-cylinder combustion sensors are being considered to produce this signal. This paper presents results of an experimental investigation on the characteristics of the ion current in an automotive diesel engine equipped with a common rail injection system. The engine is a 1.9 L, 4-cylinder, direct injection diesel engine. Experiments covered different engine loads and injection pressures. The relationships between the ion current, combustion parameters and engine out NO emissions and opacity are presented. The analysis of the experimental data identified possible sources of the ion current produced in diesel engines.

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Effect of Injection System Parameters on Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Small Single Cylinder Diesel Engine

International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.15282/ijame.18.2.2021.17.0673 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

Author(s):

D.K. Dond ◽

N.P. Gulhane

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Fuel Injection ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Common Rail ◽

Injection System ◽

Injection Timing ◽

Emission Characteristics ◽

Performance And Emission ◽

System Parameters ◽

Main Injection

Limited fossil fuel reservoir capacity and pollution caused by them is the big problem in front of researchers. In the present paper, an attempt was made to find a solution to the same. The conventional fuel injection system was retrofitted with a simple version of the common rail direct injection system for the small diesel engine. Further, the effect of injection system parameters was observed on the performance and emission characteristics of the retrofitted common rail direct injection diesel engine. The parameters such as injection pressure, the start of pilot injection timing, the start of main injection timing and quantity of percentage fuel injection during the pilot and main injection period were considered for experimental investigation. It was observed that all the evaluated parameters were found vital for improving the engine’s performance and emission characteristics. The retrofitted common rail direct injection system shows an average 7% rise in brake thermal efficiency with economic, specific fuel consumption. At the same time, much more reduction in hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and smoke opacity with a penalty of a slight increase in nitrogen oxides.

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Response Surface Method Optimization of a High-Speed Direct-Injection Diesel Engine Equipped With a Common Rail Injection System

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power ◽

10.1115/1.1559900 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 125 (2) ◽

pp. 541-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

T. Lee ◽

R. D. Reitz

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

High Speed ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Fuel Efficiency ◽

Common Rail ◽

Injection System ◽

Particulate Emissions ◽

Common Rail Injection System ◽

Rsm Optimization ◽

Common Rail Injection

To overcome the tradeoff between NOx and particulate emissions for future diesel vehicles and engines it is necessary to seek methods to lower pollutant emissions. The desired simultaneous improvement in fuel efficiency for future DI diesels is also a difficult challenge due to the combustion modifications that will be required to meet the exhaust emission mandates. This study demonstrates the emission reduction capability of EGR and other parameters on a high-speed direct-injection (HSDI) diesel engine equipped with a common rail injection system using an RSM optimization method. Engine testing was done at 1757 rev/min, 45% load. The variables used in the optimization process included injection pressure, boost pressure, injection timing, and EGR rate. RSM optimization led engine operating parameters to reach a low-temperature and premixed combustion regime called the MK combustion region, and resulted in simultaneous reductions in NOx and particulate emissions without sacrificing fuel efficiency. It was shown that RSM optimization is an effective and powerful tool for realizing the full advantages of the combined effects of combustion control techniques by optimizing their parameters. It was also shown that through a close observation of optimization processes, a more thorough understanding of HSDI diesel combustion can be provided.

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Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel Fuels in a Common-Rail Diesel Engine

ASME 2005 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference (ICEF2005) ◽

10.1115/icef2005-1258 ◽

2005 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Seung Hyun Yoon ◽

Sung Wook Park ◽

Dae Sik Kim ◽

Sang Il Kwon ◽

Chang Sik Lee

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Cetane Number ◽

Injection Pressure ◽

Injection Rate ◽

Common Rail ◽

Injection System ◽

Emission Characteristics ◽

Mixing Ratio ◽

Biodiesel Fuels

A single cylinder DI (direct injection) diesel engine equipped with common-rail injection system was used to investigate the combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuels. Tested fuels were conventional diesel and biodiesels obtained from unpolished rice oil and soybean oil. The volumetric blending ratios of biodiesel with diesel fuel are set at 0, 10, 20 and 40%. Experimental results show that the peak injection rate is reduced as the mixing ratio increased. The effect of the mixing ratio on the injection delay of biodiesel is not significant at the equal injection pressure. The peak combustion pressure was increased with the increase of the mixing ratio at an injection pressure of 100MPa. The ignition delay became shorter with the increase of the mixing ratio due to a higher cetane number of the biodiesel. HC and CO emissions are decreased at a high injection pressure. However, NOx emissions are increased at higher mixing ratios.

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An experimental analysis of performance and exhaust emissions of a CRDI diesel engine operating on mixtures containing mineral and renewable components

Combustion Engines ◽

10.19206/ce-2019-404 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 179 (4) ◽

pp. 27-31

Author(s):

Kamil DUDA ◽

Sławomir WIERZBICKI ◽

Maciej MIKULSKI

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Fuel Mixture ◽

Common Rail ◽

Injection System ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Load Range ◽

Performance And Emission

The manuscript presents a comparative analysis of the performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine equipped with a Common Rail injection system. The engine is fueled with diesel-biodiesel mixtures containing 25% and 50% share (by volume) of renewable components. Conventional diesel is used as a reference. Turkey lard and rapeseed oil are used as raw materials and subjected to the single-stage transesterification process to obtain methyl esters. The experiments are performed on a medium-duty, turbocharged, inter-cooled, Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) diesel engine. This study concentrates on one engine speed of 1500 rpm, typical for gen-set applications, and mid-load range from 100 Nm to 200 Nm. The scope of measurements covers the analysis of exhaust gasses concentration and engine efficiency parameters. In addition, the in-cylinder pressure measurements are performed in order to provide insight into the differences in combustion characteristics between examined fuel mixtures. The study reveals that the addition of the renewable component to fuel mixture positively affects a number of examined performance parameters as well as decreases the concentration of the examined toxic exhaust components, in the majority of cases.

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Ion Current, Combustion and Emission Characteristics in an Automotive Common Rail Diesel Engine

ASME 2010 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference ◽

10.1115/icef2010-35123 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Naeim A. Henein ◽

Tamer Badawy ◽

Nilesh Rai ◽

Walter Bryzik

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Diesel Engines ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Common Rail ◽

Ion Current ◽

Injection System ◽

Feedback Signal ◽

Common Rail Injection System ◽

Common Rail Injection ◽

No Emissions

Advanced electronically controlled diesel engines require a feedback signal to the ECU to adjust different operating parameters and meet demands for power, better fuel economy and low emissions. Different types of in-cylinder combustion sensors are being considered to produce this signal. This paper presents results of an experimental investigation on the characteristics of the ion current in an automotive diesel engine equipped with a common rail injection system. The engine is a 1.9 L, 4-cylinder, direct injection diesel engine. Experiments covered different engine loads and injection pressures. The relationships between the ion current, combustion parameters and engine out NO emissions and opacity are presented. The analysis of the experimental data identified possible sources of the ion current produced in diesel engines.

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Implementation of Common Rail Direct Injection System and Optimization of Fuel Injector Parameters in an Experimental Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8091122 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 1122

Author(s):

Yew Heng Teoh ◽

Heoy Geok How ◽

Ching Guan Peh ◽

Thanh Danh Le ◽

Huu Tho Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Duty Cycle ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Common Rail ◽

Injection System ◽

Injection Timing ◽

Multiple Injection ◽

Fuel Injector ◽

Rail Pressure ◽

Open Time

The diesel engine is one of the solutions to slow down fossil fuel depletion due to its high efficiency. However, its high pollutant emission limits its usage in many fields. To improve its efficiency and emissions, a conventional mechanical fuel injection system (MFI) was be replaced with common rail direct injection (CRDI) system for the purpose of this study. In this way, injection parameters such as injection timing, injection pressure and multiple injection schemes can be tuned to enhance the engine performance. The rail pressure and engine speed response of the modified diesel engine was tested. It was found that by advancing the start of injection timing (SOI) timing or increasing the rail pressure, the brake torque generated can be increased. Multiple injection schemes can be implemented to reduce the peak heat release rate (HRR). Post injection was observed to increase the late combustion HRR. The maximum pressure rise rate (PRR) can be reduced by applying pilot injection. Further research was conducted on optimizing fuel injector parameters to improve the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) consistency and reduce injector power consumption. The consistency of IMEP was indicated by coefficient of variation (CoV) of IMEP. The injector parameters included open time, low time and duty cycle of injector signals. These parameters were optimized by carrying out response surface methodology. The optimized parameters were observed to be 230 µs for open time, 53µs for low time and 27.5% for duty cycle. The percentage of error of CoV of IMEP and injector power were found to be lower than 5% when the predicted results are compared with experimental results.

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