Environmental Sustainability in the Conservation of Vernacular Architecture. The Case of Rural and Urban Traditional Settlements in Cyprus

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Maria Philokyprou ◽  
Aimilios Michael
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Rural And Urban

scholarly journals Factors influencing dietary practices in a transitioning food environment: a cross-sectional exploration of four dietary typologies among rural and urban Ugandan women using Photovoice

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn I. Auma ◽  
Rebecca Pradeilles ◽  
Megan K. Blake ◽  
David Musoke ◽  
Michelle Holdsworth
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Rural And Urban

Abstract Background Healthy and sustainable dietary practices offer a possible solution to competing tensions between health and environmental sustainability, particularly as global food systems transition. To encourage such dietary practices, it is imperative to understand existing dietary practices and factors influencing these dietary practices. The aim of this study was to identify multi-level factors in lived rural and urban Ugandan food environments that influence existing dietary practices among women of reproductive age (WRA). Methods A mixed methods study was conducted. Multiple correspondence analysis followed by hierarchical cluster analysis were performed on dietary data collected among a sample (n = 73) of Ugandan WRA in Kampala (urban) and Wakiso (rural) districts to elicit dietary clusters. Dietary clusters, which were labelled as dietary typologies based on environmental impact and nutrition transition considerations, were reflective of dietary practices. Following this, a smaller sample of WRA (n = 18) participated in a Photovoice exercise and in-depth interviews to identify factors in their social, physical, socio-cultural and macro-level environments influencing their enactment of the identified dietary typologies, and therefore dietary practices. Results Four dietary typologies emerged: ‘urban, low-impact, early-stage transitioners’, ‘urban, medium-impact, mid-stage transitioners’, ‘rural, low-impact, early-stage transitioners’ and ‘rural, low-impact, traditionalists’. Although experienced somewhat differently, the physical environment (access, availability and cost), social networks (parents, other family members and friends) and socio-cultural environment (dietary norms) were cross-cutting influences among both urban and rural dietary typologies. Seasonality (macro-environment) directly influenced consumption of healthier and lower environmental impact, plant-based foods among the two rural dietary typology participants, while seasonality and transportation intersected to influence consumption of healthier and lower environmental impact, plant-based foods among participants in the two urban dietary typologies. Conclusion Participants displayed a range of dietary typologies, and therefore dietary practices. Family provides an avenue through which interventions aimed at encouraging healthier and lower environmental impact dietary practices can be targeted. Home gardens, urban farming and improved transportation could address challenges in availability and access to healthier, lower environmental impact plant-based foods among urban WRA.

scholarly journals RURAL ARCHITECTURE AND SUSTAINABILITY: LEARNING FROM THE PAST

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Ilker Fatih Ozorhon ◽  
Guliz Ozorhon
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
The Past ◽  
Living Environments ◽  
Basic Facts ◽  
Rural Architecture ◽  
Context Of Learning ◽  
Methods Of Learning ◽  
The Relationship

Traditional rural living environments have the potential to be instructive in numerous ways. Rural settlements, which are often created with a minimum of effort and have been around for thousands of years, can be a template for living environments of tomorrow. Starting off with that proposition, this paper goes on to emphasize the importance of examining the characteristics of traditional rural settlements in the context of sustainability. The article aims to analyze and thus improve our understanding of rural settlements, and in the process of doing so, it produces and reproduces knowledge within the field of sustainability. A model consisting of multiple layers was applied through the sampling of a particular rural-traditional settlement (Taraklı), thereby shedding light on the relationship between the settlement and the parameters of environmental sustainability. In that model, three main methods of learning from traditional architecture were proposed: (1) Learning From Vernacular Architecture (LF-VA) through existing settlements; (2) Learning From Experience (LF-E) through those who have learned from vernacular approaches; and, (3) Learning from Research (LF-R). Through the use of that model, the data obtained constitutes a holistic pool of information. The basic facts articulated in this pool are models, concepts and theories, and the prominent concepts include documentation, conservation, adaptation and innovation. As a result of the analysis based on the model, the relationship of the physical characteristics of the rural-traditional settlement exemplified in the article with the environmental sustainability parameters has been illustrated systematically. In the literature, the products of rural architecture generally exist with identification and documentation studies. In this article, the relationship between rural architecture and sustainability is discussed in the context of learning from the past and it is shown through an existing settlement.  

scholarly journals Introduction of Vernacular Architecture studies at the Faculty of Architecture in Belgrade

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-212
Author(s):  
Mirjana Roter-Blagojević ◽  
Marko Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
Monumental Architecture ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Study Programme ◽  
Student Projects ◽  
The University ◽  
Academic Year

The paper examines the work of Aleksandar Deroko at the University of Belgrade's Faculty of Architecture and the inclusion of his rich personal knowledge about the vernacular architecture in the study programme, which he gained from long-term field research. As an assistant professor, he introduced the interpretation of vernacular architecture in the course on Byzantine and Old Serbian Architecture in 1929. After the study programme reform in 1935, a new course - named Old Serbian Architecture - was established, with one semester dedicated to the medieval monumental architecture and the second to rural and urban houses. In 1945/46 academic year, the course was renamed Vernacular Architecture and it incorporated medieval and vernacular architecture of the former Yugoslavia. Practical assignments dealt more with vernacular architecture and, through them the student's discovered the fundamental principles and methods of the vernacular construction. The goal of the studies was for students to comprehend and adopt basic traditional canons of construction and apply them to their own projects of cooperative centers, countryside schools, monasteries, etc. Through illustrations the paper will present, till now unpublished, student projects from the archives of Belgrade's the Faculty of Architecture's office for the architectural heritage of Serbia.

scholarly journals Rural-Urban Integration and Spatial Planning in Edo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
Daniel Nosakhare Onaiwu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Master Planning ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Spatial Cohesion ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Edo State

Settlement planning is becoming an important reality in developing countries as economic, social and environmental sustainability are dependent on it. As they urbanize, there is the need for these settlements to be linked in an integrated manner so that there will be both sector and spatial development. The investigation is on rural-urban integration and spatial planning in Edo State, Nigeria. The paper reviews literature on environment, economy, and society in both the developed and less developed countries. The reviewed literature formed the basis for evaluating the context of Edo State’s rural-urban integration and spatial planning. It concluded that there is no proper spatial integration among rural and urban settlements in Edo State. It recommends spatial cohesion, rural master planning and the linking of rural and urban economies together for sustainable settlement spatial planning.

USING VERNACULAR FOR ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN A GRADUATE PROGRAM OF ARCHITECTURE

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 562-565
Author(s):  
Arzu Ispalar Çahantimur ◽  
Rengin Beceren Ă–ztĂĽrk
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Graduate Program ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Course Content ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Elective Course

Raising the environmental awareness of architectural students becomes increasingly important given today’s global environmental challenges. As a prominent player in urban development, an architect needs to be concerned with the alternative ways for achieving environmental sustainability. Subsequently, environmental issues constitute an important part of the curriculum in architectural education. The scope of this study covers an elective course in an architectural graduate program of Turkey with the main aim of making fresh architects aware of their vital role in environmental objectives. In this course, the students are asked to visit and examine the vernacular architecture at a rural Turkey settlement. In this assignment, the students use a series of architectural as well as social science research methods. They present their findings visually and offer their proposals as a conclusion. Their proposals involve ways, not only, to achieve sustainability for this rural settlement but, also, to adapt the traditional design methods and materials examined within the course into contemporary design techniques. Given the acquisitions of the graduate students, this paper concludes with a recommendation for improving architectural course content by integrating applied learning.

Dry stone constructions – intangible cultural heritage and sustainable environment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste Jiménez de Madariaga
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how safeguarding intangible cultural heritage contributes to environmental conservation and favours sustainable development of natural landscapes. To do so, the authors will focus on a study of dry stone constructions, which have been recognised by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as Intangible Cultural Heritage.Design/methodology/approachThe research has been carried out through three methodologies: the search and review of archives (historical and administrative documents), ethnographic methodology (field work and interviews) and case studies.FindingsThe abandonment of dry stone constructions is placing rural zones at risk, as they assume a strategic role in environmental conservation efforts. This article seeks to highlight the importance of safeguarding this cultural heritage.Research limitations/implicationsThe art of dry stone walling has its origins in ancient times and can be found in numerous regions around the world. The main ideas of this paper may be applied to many of the places where this vernacular architecture can be found.Practical implicationsSome stakeholders may apply the results of this study to identify new uses for heritage resources that allow maintenance of ecosystems while at the same time safeguarding intangible cultural heritage.Social implicationsThis paper stresses the importance of raising public awareness of cultural heritage and vernacular architecture, its link with traditional activities such as farming and livestock raising, the rural landscape and reinforcement of cultural identity and historical memory.Originality/valueThis study illustrates the actions taken by UNESCO to safeguard intangible cultural heritage and the effects of those actions. It also considers dry stone constructions from the perspective of environmental sustainability, an area that has been subject to limited study.

Earthen architectural heritage in the international context: values, threats, conservation principles and strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Mileto ◽  
Fernando Vegas López-Manzanares
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
International Context ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conservation Principles ◽  
Earthen Architecture

PurposeThis research aims to highlight the values, principles and recommendations for conservation in order to establish valid strategies for the conservation of earthen built heritage. This is done following a methodology which uses indirect (bibliography) and direct (case study) sources systematically analysed from different perspectives: the values of Earth as a material and of architectural and vernacular heritage; the heritage conservation principles found in international documents; and the analysis of over 3,000 case studies from which good practices in earthen architecture conservation are extracted.Design/methodology/approachEarthen built architectural heritage is found widely in all parts of the world, in archaeological sites and monumental and vernacular architecture, which research centres and researchers are increasingly studying and cataloguing. However, despite its richness and historic and cultural values, as well as its many merits in environmental sustainability, sociocultural and socio-economic terms, the value of this heritage has not been fully recognized in fields with major repercussions in conservation.FindingsFinally, these data are cross-referenced to establish the broadest possible strategies to guarantee all aspects to be taken into account in the conservation of earthen built architectural heritage.Originality/valueThe text provides an overview of the different methodologies in order to extract specific strategies applicable to the conservation of this heritage, both locally and globally.

The role of intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of honey for Italian millennial consumers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Blanc ◽  
Raffaele Zanchini ◽  
Giuseppe Di Vita ◽  
Filippo Brun
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Local Product ◽  
Label Information

PurposeThis study aims to examine the importance that different intrinsic and extrinsic attributes represent for young Italian consumers of honey, analysing how these aspects influence the quality perceived during consumption. In addition, demographic and lifestyle aspects have been considered as possible discriminants influencing millennial generation honey consumers.Design/methodology/approachThe authors performed a non-parametric rank-based test (Mann–Whitney U test) to analyse which attributes millennials value most, relating these to gender, sports activity or rural and urban origin. Then, to identify consumption patterns, principal component analysis, applying Kaiser normalisation and varimax rotation, was used.FindingsThis study confirms the remarkable sensitivity of the millennials towards environmental sustainability aspects. This attribute of choice seems particularly important for a clearly identifiable segment of the sample examined, represented by women who regularly practice sports and who come from urban areas. This result makes it possible to identify a type of consumer who, from early adulthood, is mindful of their lifestyle and ecological footprint. Moreover, it emerges that the most important attributes during purchasing are those related to label information, local product and origin, highlighting the awareness of young people and their maturity in the consumption of agro-food products.Originality/valueThe authors identified a trend in consumption that diverges from the classic patterns based on brand and the intrinsic characteristics of honey, but which forges new pathways more closely intertwined with the aspects of sustainability and the relationship with the territory, in addition to food safety.

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