scholarly journals ADJUSTABILITY OF THE CIRCADIAN CLOCK IN THE COCKROACHES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO CLOSELY, RELATED SPECIES,BLATTELLA GERMANICAANDBLATTELLA BISIGNATA

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 767-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Sheue Wei ◽  
How-Jing Lee
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Closely Related Species

Report on Encyrtidae associated with Mealybugs on Cacao in Trinidad, and on some other Species related thereto

1953 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Kerrich
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Biological Importance

The taxonomy of a complex of parasites associated with mealy-bugs on cacao in Trinidad is dealt with. The descriptions of nine species new to science are given and species not new have been treated in comparable detail. Fresh taxonomic or other data have been given for some related species.The inclusion of an aberrant Thysanid species of biological importance necessitated a comparative study of characters that have been used within this group. In this connection, Thysanid parasites of Tachinidae attacking moth larvae in sugar-cane were considered and found separable into three closely related species, two of which are described as new.

scholarly journals Twisting to freedom: The evolution of copulation termination techniques across 48 species of sepsids (Diptera, Sepsidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindy Jia Min Tuan ◽  
Diego Pitta Araujo ◽  
Nalini Puniamoorthy ◽  
Jeremy M Woodford ◽  
Rudolf Meier
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Variable Separation ◽  
Female Fitness ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
A New Technique

Studies of insect mating behaviour usually focus on what happens before and during copulation. Few pay close attention to the actions needed to end copulation. However, genital separation after copulation is likely to be an important cause of mechanical stress and injuries because it often involves the withdrawal of heavily armoured male intromittent organs from membranous female reproductive tracts. Difficult and/or slow separations can also reduce male and female fitness by increasing their exposure to predation. We here report the results of a comparative study of separation behaviour in 48 species of Sepsidae (Diptera) and one outgroup. We find a surprising amount of qualitative and quantitative behavioural variability within and between species. We characterize and reconstruct three types of behaviours: 1) The sepsid ancestor likely used `back-off; a gentle separation technique that does not involve any pulling or twisting (https://youtu.be/EbkJvOaubZ0). 2) This potentially gave rise to the most common `pull' technique where the male turns 180 degrees and pulls in an opposite direction from the female (https://youtu.be/oLf4xGpkk1s). This separation can be quick and straightforward, but in some species the `pull' is slow and protracted and we routinely find dead males and/or females attached to their living partners in the latter (difficult: https://youtu.be/MbYPbXN6jr0; failure: https://youtu.be/leTiXefFzCc). 3) Finally, several species use `twist', a new technique where the male rotates >360 degrees from the initial mounting position (https://youtu.be/WMUXbIPyLbk). We document that species capable of using `twist' have shorter and less variable separation times than those using "pull". However, many species capable of `twist' also retain the ability to use `pull' (`back-off'/'pull'= 8%; `pull' only= 41%; `twist'/ `pull'= 24%; `twist' only = 27%). Overall, our study suggests that separation behaviour can vary among closely related species and highlights the significance of studying variable behavioural traits in a phylogenetic context.

A comparative study of the immature stages of closely related species Cassida pfefferi Sekerka, 2006, Cassida nobilis Linnaeus, 1758 and Cassida vittata Villers, 1789 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Cassidini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4942 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-500
Author(s):  
JOLANTA ŚWIĘTOJAŃSKA ◽  
EWA BELCZYK
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Preimaginal Stages ◽  
First Time

Immature stages of Cassida pfefferi Sekerka, 2006 from Cyprus are described and illustrated for the first time and compared with immatures of closely related species Cassida nobilis Linnaeus, 1758 and Cassida vittata Villers, 1789. Detailed descriptions of mature larvae and pupae of C. nobilis and C. vittata are also given. Analysis of the morphological body structure of the preimaginal stages of the studied species reveals subtle characters distinguishing C. pfefferi from other species of C. nobilis groups and confirms its species status. 

scholarly journals A comparative study of the gastric ossicles of Trichodactylidae crabs (Brachyura: Decapoda) with comments on the role of diet and phylogeny in shaping morphological traits

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora A. Carvalho ◽  
Pablo A. Collins ◽  
Renata Lima-Gomes ◽  
Célio Magalhães ◽  
Maria Victoria Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Natural Diet ◽  
Freshwater Crabs ◽  
The Family ◽  
Feeding Structure ◽  
And Function

The gastric armature of decapod foregut is a feeding structure that sparks controversial debates about the role dietary and historical components have in shaping its morphological traits. Having previous information about the natural diet is an interesting way to gather evidence on this issue. For the present study, we analyzed the morphological traits of gastric ossicles involved directly in the maceration of food in nine species of freshwater crabs of the family Trichodactylidae (Brachyura: Decapoda) representing five genera, three tribes and two subfamilies. The analyzed gastric ossicles were quite consistent among closely related species, suggesting that the observed traits had a clear phylogenetic component. However, it was also noted that the morphological traits of the gastric teeth of trichodactylid crabs match well with the natural diet and presented likeness with general features of other species with a similar trophic habit. We discuss the influence of phylogeny and function on the design of morphological traits and propose to quantify the role of phylogeny and function in shaping morphological traits through the analysis of phylogenetic signals.

scholarly journals The version of microevolutionary relationships between the Siberian species Elymus margaritae, E. komarovii, and E. transbaicalensis (Poaceae) according to sequencing of the nuclear gene GBSS1 (waxy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 00001
Author(s):  
Alexander Agafonov ◽  
Maria Emtseva ◽  
Elena Shabanova (Kobozeva) ◽  
Sergey Asbaganov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
North American ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Gene Fragment ◽  
Genomic Constitution ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Siberian Species

A comparative study was made of the sequence of the GBSS1 gene fragment in accessions of closely related species Elymus margaritae, E. komarovii, and E. transbaicalensis from Siberia. Nucleotide sequences of the gene were determined for St subgenomes in accessions of E. margaritae and E. komarovii from classical habitats. The StH-genomic constitution was confirmed, and microevolutionary relationships between species were evaluated by constructing the NJ dendrogram. It was shown that variants of the St subgenomes in accessions E. margaritae GUK-1009 and E. komarovii AUK-9803 belong to the North American ancestral line St2 of the genus Pseudoroegneria, in contrast to accessions E. margaritae AUK-0650 and E. komarovii GAR-0501. The latter belong to the Asian branch of St1, together with variants of subgenomes in the species E. gmelinii and E. pendulinus. That is, according to the differentiation levels of the St subgenome, accession E. margaritae GUK-1009 (holotype) is significantly distanted from the accession AUK-0650 (paratype), which in turn is close to accessions of E. komarovii and E. transbaicalensis from East Sayan. According to levels of differentiation of the H subgenome, the studied species did not show noticeable differences.

A comparative study on esterases from three species of Raillietina

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
M.P. Balasubramanian ◽  
S. Dhandayuthapani ◽  
K. Nellaiappan ◽  
K. Ramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Differential Behaviour ◽  
Effect Of Inhibitors

AbstractThe multiplicity of soluble esterases in Raillietina tetragona, R. echinobothrida and R. cesticillus was studied by use of slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Five fractions of esterase activity were observed in R. tetragona, seven in R. echinobothrida and three in R. cesticillus. The various fractions of esterase activity of closely related species of Raillietina showed differential behaviour towards various chemicals. Based on the inhibitory effect of inhibitors p-CMB, EDTA, malathion, silver nitrate and eserine sulphate, the various esterases have been classified into arylesterase, carboxylesterase, acetylesterase and cholinesterase.

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