A comparative study on esterases from three species of Raillietina

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
M.P. Balasubramanian ◽  
S. Dhandayuthapani ◽  
K. Nellaiappan ◽  
K. Ramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Differential Behaviour ◽  
Effect Of Inhibitors

AbstractThe multiplicity of soluble esterases in Raillietina tetragona, R. echinobothrida and R. cesticillus was studied by use of slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Five fractions of esterase activity were observed in R. tetragona, seven in R. echinobothrida and three in R. cesticillus. The various fractions of esterase activity of closely related species of Raillietina showed differential behaviour towards various chemicals. Based on the inhibitory effect of inhibitors p-CMB, EDTA, malathion, silver nitrate and eserine sulphate, the various esterases have been classified into arylesterase, carboxylesterase, acetylesterase and cholinesterase.

scholarly journals Isoenzyme variation and genetic affinities among four species of the genus Festuca L. (Poaceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgi B. Angelov ◽  
Teodora A. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Species Concept ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Isoenzyme Variation ◽  
Systematic Relationships

Abstract Festuca L. is one of the most complicated genera in Poaceae. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to study the isoenzyme variation of glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, malate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in natural populations of F. valesiaca Schleich. ex Gaud., F. rupicola Heuff., F. dalmatica (Hack.) K. Richt. and F. stojanovii (Acht.) Kozuharov ex Foggi & Petrova. The aim of the present study was to assess isoenzyme variation and genetic affinities among the four species of the genus Festuca. Genetic identities (I) and distances (D) were calculated to evaluate qualitative genetic affinities and systematic relationships among the species. Considering the patterns of isoenzyme variation in the studied group, it is evident that F. dalmatica and F. stojanovii are closely related species. The species F. valesiaca and F. rupicola are isoenzymatically well characterized as distinct genetic entities. The obtained results generally support recent narrow species concept in the genus Festuca.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PREPARATIONS OF OVINE LUTEINIZING HORMONE BY BIOASSAY, IMMUNODOUBLEDIFFUSION, RADIOIMMUNOASSAY, RADIORECEPTOR ASSAY AND POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schlamowitz ◽  
J. Cronquist ◽  
M. Esfahani ◽  
D. N. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Radioreceptor Assay ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gels ◽  
Biological Potency

ABSTRACT Three preparations of ovine LH were compared for biological potency and by several in vitro parameters. All were found to be heterogenous by immunodoublediffusion and by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. They all also showed similarities and/or differences with respect to their characteristics in immunodoublediffusion, radioimmunoassay, radioreceptor assay, gel electrophoresis and in dye-binding capacity, but in ways that preclude establishing a meaningful correlation between biopotency and the in vitro parameters or even among the in vitro parameters themselves. The implications of these findings for the use of these in vitro parameters for screening and assessing biological potencies of LH preparations and for inferring chemical and/or structural similarities between LH preparations are discussed. Aspects of polymorphism of LH, observed by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels, are also discussed.

scholarly journals Dialysis Unmasks the Fungicidal Properties of Glandular Salivary Secretions

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 2703-2709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva J. Helmerhorst ◽  
Bianca Flora ◽  
Robert F. Troxler ◽  
Frank G. Oppenheim
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Salivary Proteins ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT Several salivary proteins exhibit fungicidal activity against the opportunistic oral pathogen Candida albicans when they are tested as pure proteins in vitro. However, salivary secretions that are examined by the same assays either lack or exhibit very low candidacidal activity. Since ionic strength is known to have an inhibitory effect on the fungicidal activities of some proteins, parotid secretion was subjected to dialysis with membranes having molecular weight cutoffs (MWCOs) of 500, 1,000, 10,000, and 25,000. Dialysis with membranes with MWCOs of ≥1,000 promoted fungicidal activity of parotid secretion, and this activity was dose dependent. The addition of sodium chloride to dialyzed, fungicidal parotid secretion abolished this activity, indicating that the fungicidal component was salt sensitive. Similar results were obtained with submandibular and sublingual secretions. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under native and denaturing conditions was used to analyze the composition of the dialysate. Unexpectedly, proteins with MWs much lower than the nominal MWCOs of the membranes were not lost during dialysis. Among the retained proteins, the two fractions with MWs of approximately 17,000 and 4,000 exhibited fungicidal activity. These results are consistent with the presence of lysozyme and histatins, respectively, which may represent the major candidacidal capacity of dialyzed parotid secretion.

Stability of Secretory Granules Containing Growth Hormone and Prolactin from Bovine Anterior Pituitary Gland

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Lemay ◽  
Fernand Labrie ◽  
Denis Drouin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Maximal Effect ◽  
Enzymatic Markers ◽  
The Stability

Bovine adenohypophyseal secretory granules were purified by a technique giving a high yield of large granules containing 70–90% of prolactin (PRL) and 10–20% of growth hormone (GH). Purity of the preparation was checked by electron microscopy and enzymatic markers. Stability of the isolated secretory granules was studied by measurement of the optical density of the granule suspensions and by measurement of GH and PRL release by disc gel electrophoresis at pH 8.9. At 0 °C, granules suspended in an hypotonic medium are stable at pH 7.4. At room temperature, they are particularly stable at acidic pH but are almost completely solubilized at a pH ranging from 7.0 to 10.0, a half-maximal effect on PRL release being observed at pH 7.5. Lysolecithin has a marked solubilizing effect at a pH of 3.0–6.0 whereas 0.15% sodium dodecyl sulfate does not affect granule stability at a pH below 5. ATP (0.5 mM) inhibits GH and PRL release to, respectively, 65 and 27% of the control rates during a 60 min incubation at 37 °C and pH 7.4. A concentration of 2 mM Ca2+ has a marked inhibitory effect on both GH and PRL release whereas 2 mM Mg2+ inhibits PRL release but does not affect the release of GH. EGTA increases PRL release by 30% but does not significantly affect GH release. As evidenced by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, no degradation of GH or PRL occurred during a 1 h incubation of secretory granules at 37 °C and pH 7.4. These data suggest a role of Ca2+- and Mg2+-ATPase activities on the stability and possibly the formation of GH- and PRL-containing secretory granules.

Isozyme evidence on the specific distinctness and phylogenetic position of Vicia incisa (Fabaceae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vello Jaaska
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Taxonomic Rank ◽  
New Evidence

AbstractVicia incisa is a taxonomically controversial species that has been also treated as a subspecies of V. sativa because of a great morphological similarity. The phylogenetic position of V. incisa is uncertain because various DNA markers have provided contradictory results. Isozymes of V. incisa encoded by 15 loci and resolved with the use of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) are described and compared with those of seven related species belonging to sections Vicia, Sepium, Lathyroides and Pseudolathyrus in order to get new evidence about its taxonomic rank and phylogenetic position. Phylogenetic relationships are analyzed with maximum parsimony and neighbour joining methods. Vicia incisa is shown to differ from all three subspecies of V. sativa including, sativa, cordata and nigra, by alternate variants of ten isozymes out of 15 analysed. Instead, V. incisa has much more similarity to V. grandiflora and V. sepium by sharing eight isozyme variants which differ from the subspecies of V. sativa. The most parsimony and neighbour joining analyses of the isozyme variation placed V. incisa as basally linked to the V. grandiflora and V. sepium species couple in the clade of section Sepium (= sect. Atossa), while the subspecies of V. sativa together with V. lathyroides formed a separate clade of section Vicia. The isozyme data provide further support to the species status of V. incisa.

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