Normal keratinization in a spontaneously immortalized aneuploid human keratinocyte cell line.

In contrast to mouse epidermal cells, human skin keratinocytes are rather resistant to transformation in vitro. Immortalization has been achieved by SV40 but has resulted in cell lines with altered differentiation. We have established a spontaneously transformed human epithelial cell line from adult skin, which maintains full epidermal differentiation capacity. This HaCaT cell line is obviously immortal (greater than 140 passages), has a transformed phenotype in vitro (clonogenic on plastic and in agar) but remains nontumorigenic. Despite the altered and unlimited growth potential, HaCaT cells, similar to normal keratinocytes, reform an orderly structured and differentiated epidermal tissue when transplanted onto nude mice. Differentiation-specific keratins (Nos. 1 and 10) and other markers (involucrin and filaggrin) are expressed and regularly located. Thus, HaCaT is the first permanent epithelial cell line from adult human skin that exhibits normal differentiation and provides a promising tool for studying regulation of keratinization in human cells. On karyotyping this line is aneuploid (initially hypodiploid) with unique stable marker chromosomes indicating monoclonal origin. The identity of the HaCaT line with the tissue of origin was proven by DNA fingerprinting using hypervariable minisatellite probes. This is the first demonstration that the DNA fingerprint pattern is unaffected by long-term cultivation, transformation, and multiple chromosomal alterations, thereby offering a unique possibility for unequivocal identification of human cell lines. The characteristics of the HaCaT cell line clearly document that spontaneous transformation of human adult keratinocytes can occur in vitro and is associated with sequential chromosomal alterations, though not obligatorily linked to major defects in differentiation.

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Comparison of the in vitro and in vivo toxic effects of thymoquinone using oral cancer HSC-3 and HSC-4 cell lines, oral fibroblasts, HACAT cell line, and Zebrafish embryos

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.099 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 2108-2114

Author(s):

Wastuti Hidayati Suriyah ◽

Abdul Razak Kasmuri ◽

Fiona How Ni Foong ◽

Dhona Afriza ◽

Solachuddin Jauhari Arief Ichwan

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Hacat Cell ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Zebrafish Embryos ◽

Hacat Cell Line

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Sulphamoylated estradiol analogue induces antiproliferative activity and apoptosis in breast cell lines

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters ◽

10.2478/s11658-012-0030-7 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Michelle Visagie ◽

Thandi Mqoco ◽

Anna Joubert

Keyword(s):

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Epithelial Cell ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cell Density ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Antiproliferative Activity ◽

Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽

Epithelial Cell Line ◽

Antimitotic Activity

AbstractResearch into potential anticancer agents has shown that 2-methoxyestradiol exerts antiproliferative activity in vitro and in vivo in an estrogen receptor-independent manner. Due to its limited biological accessibility and rapid metabolic degradation, several new analogues have been developed in recent years. This study investigated the in vitro effects of a novel in silicodesigned compound (C16) in an estrogen receptor-positive breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line (MCF-7), an estrogen receptor-negative breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line (MDA-MB-231) and a nontumorigenic breast cell line (MCF-12A). Light microscopy revealed decreased cell density, cells blocked in metaphase and the presence of apoptotic characteristics in all three cell lines after exposure to C16 for 24 h. Polarizationoptical transmitted light differential interference contrast revealed the presence of several rounded cells and decreased cell density. The xCELLigence real-time label-independent approach revealed that C16 exerted antiproliferative activity. Significant inhibition of cell growth was demonstrated after 24 h of exposure to 0.2 μM C16 in all three cell lines. However, the non-tumorigenic MCF-12A cell line recovered extremely well after 48 h when compared to the tumorigenic cell lines. This indicates that C16 acts as an antiproliferative agent, possesses antimitotic activity and induces apoptosis in vitro. These features warrant further investigation.

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A Possible Role of FZD10 Delivering Exosomes Derived from Colon Cancers Cell Lines in Inducing Activation of Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Normal Colon Epithelial Cell Line

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21186705 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (18) ◽

pp. 6705 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Principia Scavo ◽

Federica Rizzi ◽

Nicoletta Depalo ◽

Elisabetta Fanizza ◽

Chiara Ingrosso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cell ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Extracellular Vesicles ◽

Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Cell Interaction ◽

Epithelial Cell Line ◽

Mesenchymal Transition

Exosomes belong to the family of extracellular vesicles released by every type of cell both in normal and pathological conditions. Growing interest in studies indicates that extracellular vesicles, in particular, the fraction named exosomes containing lipids, proteins and nucleic acid, represent an efficient way to transfer functional cargoes between cells, thus combining all the other cell–cell interaction mechanisms known so far. Only a few decades ago, the involvement of exosomes in the carcinogenesis in different tissues was discovered, and very recently it was also observed how they carry and modulate the presence of Wnt pathway proteins, involved in the carcinogenesis of gastrointestinal tissues, such as Frizzled 10 protein (FZD10), a membrane receptor for Wnt. Here, we report the in vitro study on the capability of tumor-derived exosomes to induce neoplastic features in normal cells. Exosomes derived from two different colon cancer cell lines, namely the non-metastatic CaCo-2 and the metastatic SW620, were found to deliver, in both cases, FZD10, thus demonstrating the ability to reprogram normal colonic epithelial cell line (HCEC-1CT). Indeed, the acquisition of specific mesenchymal characteristics, such as migration capability and expression of FZD10 and markers of mesenchymal cells, was observed. The exosomes derived from the metastatic cell line, characterized by a level of FZD10 higher than the exosomes extracted from the non-metastatic cells, were also more efficient in stimulating EMT activation. The overall results suggest that FZD10, delivered by circulating tumor-derived exosomes, can play a relevant role in promoting the CRC carcinogenesis and propagation.

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HERBAL NANOSUSPENSION: IN VITRO CANCER STUDY AGAINST DIFFERENT CELL LINES

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i7.37764 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 25-29

Author(s):

MITHRA MM ◽

KRISHNAKUMAR K ◽

SMITHA K NAIR

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cell ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Carcinoma Cell ◽

Carcinoma Cell Line ◽

Myelogenous Leukemia ◽

Leukemia Cell Line ◽

Epithelial Cell Line

Herbal formulations marketed in India for many years providing its therapeutic benefits in health problems. Medicinal plants or their phytoconstituents are less toxic and free from side effects than synthetic drugs. However, formulation aspects of these phytoconstituents are limited due to its low solubility. Nanotechnology is a promising technique to increase the solubility of herbal drugs. This will lead to a subsequent reduction in drug dose. Nanoformulations such as nanosuspension increase the solubility of poorly soluble drugs and also have good targeting effects on different cells. The efficacy of herbal nanosuspensions evaluated using different cell lines. Here, hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (SMMC-7721), human prostate cancer cell line, human myelogenous leukemia cell line, human epithelial cell line, human breast cancer cell lines (4T1, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-453), carcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell line (A549), human umbilical vein endothelial cell line, human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT-29), and human epithelial carcinoma cell line (HeLa) are used in the evaluation procedures. In vitro assays help in the determination of the dose range of drugs for the activity. The present review highlights the in vitro cancer studies of herbal nanosuspensions using different cell lines.

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Tissue type-specific expression of intermediate filament proteins in a cultured epithelial cell line from bovine mammary gland

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.96.1.37 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 37-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 93

Author(s):

E Schmid ◽

DL Schiller ◽

C Grund ◽

J Stadler ◽

WW Franke

Keyword(s):

Mammary Gland ◽

Epithelial Cell ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Intermediate Filament ◽

Striking Difference ◽

Intermediate Filament Proteins ◽

Cell Clones ◽

Vimentin Filaments

Different clonal cell lines have been isolated from cultures of mammary gland epithelium of lactating cow's udder and have been grown in culture media containing high concentrations of hydrocortisone, insulin, and prolactin. These cell (BMGE+H), which grow in monolayers of typical epithelial appearance, are not tightly packed, but leave intercellular spaces spanned by desmosomal bridges. The cells contain extended arrays of cytokeratin fibrils, arranged in bundles attached to desmosomes. Gel electophoresis show that they synthesize cytokeratins similar, if not identical, to those found in bovine epidermis and udder, including two large (mol wt 58,500 and 59,000) and basic (pH range: 7-8) and two small (mol wt 45,500 and 50,000) and acidic (pH 5.32 and 5.36) components that also occur in phosphorylated forms. Two further cytokeratins of mol wts 44,000 (approximately pH 5.7) and 53,000 (pH 6.3) are detected as minor cytokeratins in some cell clones. BMGE+H cells do not produce vimentin filaments as determined by immunofluorescence microscopy and gel electrophoresis. By contrast, BMGE-H cells, which have emerged from the same original culture but have been grown without hormones added, are not only morphologically different, but also contain vimentin filaments and a different set of cytokeratins, the most striking difference being the absence of the two acidic cytokeratins of mol wt 50,000 and 45,500. Cells of the BMGE+H line are characterized by an unusual epithelial morphology and represent the first example of a nonmalignant permanent cell line in vitro that produces cytokeratin but not vimentin filaments. The results show that (a) tissue-specific patterns of intermediate filament expression can be maintained in permanent epithelial cell lines in culture, at least under certain growth conditions; (b) loss of expression of relatively large, basic cytokeratins is not an inevitable consequence of growth of epithelial cells in vitro. Our results further show that, during culturing, different cell clones with different cytoskeletal composition can emerge from the same cell population and suggest that the presence of certain hormones may have an influence on the expression of intermediate filament proteins.

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