Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusSpread by Neonates Transferred From Primary Obstetrics Clinics to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Korea

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwan Soo Ko ◽  
Sulhee Park ◽  
Kyong Ran Peck ◽  
Eun Jung Shin ◽  
Won Sup Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Genotypic Characteristics

Objective.To investigate the characteristics and origins of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains isolated from neonatal patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital from local and primary care obstetrics clinics.Design.Molecular typing study.Setting.A 1,278-bed tertiary care hospital (Samsung Medical Center) and 2 primary obstetrics clinics in Seoul, Korea.Patients.The genotypic characteristics of 12 MRSA samples isolated from 11 neonatal patients transferred from 2 primary care obstetrics clinics to a tertiary care hospital were investigated by means of multilocus sequence typing,spa(staphylococcal protein A) typing, andSCCmectyping. Ten MRSA strains isolated from workers and environments in the associated obstetrics clinics were also investigated.Results.Although the antibiograms of isolates from 2 obstetrics clinics differed, no strain showed multidrug resistance to antimicrobials. Multilocus sequence typing analysis showed that all 22 MRSA isolates analyzed in this study had sequence type 1 (with the allelic profile 1-1-1-1-1-1-1), sequence type 493 (62-1-1-1-1-1-1), or a novel sequence type (25-1-1-1-1-1-1) and that all belonged to a single clonal complex (clonal complex 1). Moreover, they all containedSCCmectype IVA and the identicalspatype (UJEBKBP). These genotypic characteristics are similar to those of typical community-associated MRSA strains rather than the hospital-acquired MRSA strains common in Korea.Conclusion.The findings of this study suggest that community-acquired MRSA strains can spread in primary care clinics and be imported into tertiary care settings.

scholarly journals Assessment of Vancomycin MIC Creep Phenomenon in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiqa Arshad ◽  
Sidrah Saleem ◽  
Shah Jahan ◽  
Romeeza Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Vancomycin Mics ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Objective: To assess vancomycin MIC creep phenomenon in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in Microbiology department of University of Health Sciences, Lahore from January 2016- December 2019. In this study, vancomycin MICs were revealed by E test method for clinical MRSA strains. For the final evaluation, a single isolate from each patient was taken. The reported vancomycin MICs results were used and the values were not rounded up to the next upward value. For every study year, MIC50, MIC90, median and geometrical mean MIC, percentages of susceptible and resistant strains were calculated. Results: A total of 352 MRSA strains were isolated out of 2704 staphylococcal isolates. Our study showed elevated vancomycin MIC among MRSA isolates. The majority of isolates showed MIC values ≥1.5µg/ml. MIC50, MIC 90 was constant throughout four years period. However, geometric mean MIC increased gradually during the study period. The MIC greater than base year median was overall 17.3%. A complete shift can be observed between MIC “1.0” and “2.0” the percent of cases with MIC “1.0” decreased and with MIC “2.0” increased over time crossing each other in 2017. Conclusion: Vancomycin MIC creep was identified in clinical isolates of MRSA, during four years of study period. Even though there is an absence of VISA and VRSA strains; this significant increase in vancomycin MIC trend is indeed worrying for the clinicians about the threat of potential failure of treatment in MRSA infections. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.3273 How to cite this:Arshad F, Saleem S, Jahan S, Tahir R. Assessment of Vancomycin MIC Creep Phenomenon in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):---------.   doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.3273 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Platelet Utilization In a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Opportunity for Reduced Transfusion?

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 2575-2575
Author(s):  
Vipra Sharma ◽  
Maya Shah ◽  
Ravi Pullela ◽  
Alice J. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Medical Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Transfusion Guidelines

Abstract Abstract 2575 Background: Use of platelet (plt) transfusions to treat and prevent bleeding varies widely between hospitals and by medical and surgical services. Standard indications include active bleeding with thrombocytopenia or plt dysfunction, pre or peri-invasive procedure, and prophylaxis for low plt counts. Rising demand for plt transfusions and donor shortage, coupled with the risks of transfusion (including infectious disease transmission and alloimmunization) are concerns which often lead to strict regulation of plt transfusion in hospitals. In order to evaluate appropriate use of plt transfusion based on Newark Beth Israel Medical Center transfusion guidelines, a review of plt use was undertaken at this tertiary care hospital. Design: A retrospective review was performed of plt utilization over a 3 month period from October to December 2009. All charts of hospitalized and outpatient patients receiving plt transfusions were reviewed to determine reasons for plt transfusion. Pre-transfusion plt values, site/service ordering plt transfusions, number of units transfused and cost were determined. Results: 421 plt units were transfused to 125 patients (51.6% female), mean age 44 years (yrs.) (range 0–89). All plt transfusions were single donor units. The mean plt count prior to transfusion for all procedures was 127,000, well above hospital guidelines. The majority of plt utilized were by cardiothoracic (CT) surgery (168/421, 40%) with the highest cost (Table 1). 124/421(29%) of transfusions occurred pre- or peri- invasive procedure, with 88/124 (71%) of those transfusions occurring prior or peri- cardio-thoracic procedure. 83/421 (20%) of transfusions had no clear indication based on hospital guidelines, predominately ordered by CT surgery and occurring post-op for asymptomatic thrombocytopenia (cost $45, 650). The mean plt count at which transfusion was found to have no indication was 55,000 (range 25,000–105,000). 136/421(32%) of the cases were prophylactic transfusions with a plt count < 20,000, with 121/136 (89%) in the oncology patients, and the rest in the medical pts due to sepsis. 114/421(27%) of the transfusions were for bleeding. Only 5 patients, 3 in the CT group, and 2 in neonate group had plt dysfunction as the indication for transfusion prior to procedure. The lowest incidence of plt transfusions without an indication was in the adult oncology department. Conclusion: Platelet utilization varied by departments. CT surgery followed by neonatal and pediatric oncology are the principal users of plt in our tertiary care medical center. CT surgery, general surgery, and neonatal services had the highest pre-transfusion plt counts. As 20% of all transfusions had no clinical reason for plt use (no bleeding, invasive procedure, or severely low plt count) the opportunities may exist for lower platelet usage by educating physicians about compliance to transfusion guidelines in order to decrease the risks associated with transfusion and resultant complications. Disclosure: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of a Polymyxin B-Resistant Sequence Type 195 Clinical Isolate of Acinetobacter baumannii from India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. e00031-18
Author(s):  
Bina Agarwal ◽  
Niraj Agarwala ◽  
Sarangapani Saikia ◽  
Snigdha Sarkar ◽  
Giasuddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
The City

ABSTRACTAcinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a troublesome nosocomial pathogen worldwide. We report here the draft genome sequence of polymyxin B-resistant sequence type 195 (ST195) A. baumannii strain GU71, isolated from a tertiary care hospital in the city of Guwahati, Assam, India.

MRSA – too many hurdles to overcome: a study from Central India

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Mallick ◽  
Silpi Basak
Keyword(s):  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Central India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are commonly associated with nosocomial infections and are usually resistant to many antibiotics. This study describes the prevalence of MRSA strains and their antibiogram in a tertiary care hospital in Central India. The detection of MRSA was done by a cefoxitin (30 µg) disc diffusion test. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were done as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines 2006. Of the 280 S. aureus strains studied: 145 (51.8%) strains were MRSA; 51 (35.2%) MRSA strains were inducible clindamycin resistant; and all (100%) MRSA strains were resistant to penicillin and sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. In order to detect the MRSA strains, cefoxitin disc diffusion tests should be used routinely in any microbiology laboratory to enable prompt treatment for the patient.

scholarly journals High prevalence of t895 and t9364 spa types of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary-care hospital in México: Different lineages of Clonal Complex 5

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Negrete-González ◽  
E Turrubiartes-Martínez ◽  
OG Galicia-Cruz ◽  
DE Noyola ◽  
G Martínez-Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Sccmec Type ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Spa Types

Abstract BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of broad-spectrum infections both, in the community and within the healthcare settings. The methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) variant has became a global issue of public health. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical and molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates and to define the population structure and distribution of major MRSA clones present in a tertiary-care hospital in Mexico. RESULTS From April 2017 to April 2018, 191 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were collected. The frequency of MRSA was 26.7%, these strains exhibited resistance to clindamycin (85.3%), erythromycin (86.2%), levofloxacin (80.3%), and ciprofloxacin (86.3%). The majority of MRSA strains harbored the SCCmec type II (39/51); the t895 (29/51) and t9364 (6/51) were the most common spa types in both, hospital-associated MRSA and community associated MRSA isolates. The clones ST5-MRSA-II-t895 (New York /Japan clone) and ST1011-MRSA-II-t9364 (New York /Japan-Mexican Variant clone) were the most frequent. Finally, different lineages of Clonal Complex 5 (90.6%) and Clonal Complex 8 (9.1%) were identified in this study. CONCLUSION Our study provides valuable information about the epidemiology of MRSA in a city of the central region of Mexico, and this is the first report on the association between the t895 and t9364 spa types and the ST5 and ST1011 lineages, respectively.

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