scholarly journals Microwave-assisted in situ laser dye incorporation into high sensitivity whispering gallery mode microresonators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús S. Mondragón-Ochoa ◽  
José González-Rivera ◽  
Cigdem Toparli ◽  
Rizwana Khanum ◽  
Rakesh Singh Moirangthem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Laser Dye ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Microwave Assisted

Fine Temperature Measurement and Fabrication of On-Chip Whispering-Gallery Mode Micro-Sensors

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Frenkel ◽  
Marlon Avellan ◽  
Zhixiong Guo
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Fabrication Technique ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Thermal Measurements ◽  
On Chip

Whispering-Gallery mode based optical micro-devices have been demonstrated to have extremely high sensitivity to changes in local temperature owing to their high quality factors and frequency-based measurements. In this paper, we first examine different fabrication techniques for integrating whispering-gallery mode sensors directly onto heating components to realize on-chip in-situ dynamic temperature measurements and monitoring. The merits and drawbacks of each fabrication technique are discussed. Then, the capability of the fabricated on-chip micro-sensors to perform precise real-time thermal measurements was tested, and the findings are discussed. Finally, the advantages of such on-chip sensors are established through heat transfer analysis.

Fabrication, Characterization and Microsensing of Whispering-Gallery Mode Micro-Coupling Systems

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiulin Ma ◽  
Tobias Rossmann ◽  
Zhixiong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Loss ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Coupling System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Micro Sensor

An optical micro-coupling system of whispering-gallery mode usually consists of a resonator (e.g. a sphere) and a coupler (e.g. a taper). In this report, silica microspheres of 50–500 μm in diameter are fabricated by hydrogen flame fusing of an end of a single mode fiber or fiber taper. Fiber tapers are fabricated by the method of heating and pulling that meets an adiabatic condition. Taper’s waist diameter can routinely be made less than 1 μm and almost zero transmission loss in a taper is achieved which allows an effective and phase-matched coupling for a wide range sizes of microspheres. Both resonators and couplers’ surface microstructure and shapes are examined by scanning electronic microscopy. Three regimes of coupling are achieved, enabling a good flexibility to control Q value and coupling efficiency of a micro-coupling system. Whispering gallery mode shift is used to demonstrate a novel temperature micro-sensor. Its sensitivity determined from actual experimental results agrees well with the theoretical value. A concept of using the photon’s cavity ring down (CRD) in the microsphere to make a novel high-sensitivity trace gas micro-sensor is proposed. The CRD time constant when ammonia is chosen as the analyte gas is predicted using the simulated absorption lines.

scholarly journals Polymer Based Whispering Gallery Mode Humidity Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 2383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Petermann ◽  
Thomas Hildebrandt ◽  
Uwe Morgner ◽  
Bernhard Roth ◽  
Merve Meinhardt-Wollweber
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Real Life ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Humidity Measurements ◽  
Wgm Resonators

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators are versatile high sensitivity sensors, but applications regularly suffer from elaborate and expensive manufacturing and read-out. We have realized a simple and inexpensive concept for an all-polymer WGM sensor. Here, we evaluate its performance for relative humidity measurements demonstrating a sensitivity of 47 pm/% RH. Our results show the sensor concepts’ promising potential for use in real-life applications and environments.

scholarly journals In-Fiber BaTiO3 Microsphere Resonator for High-Sensitivity Temperature Measurement

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Chi Li ◽  
Meng Zhu ◽  
Peng Ji ◽  
Cong Xiong ◽  
Changrui Liao
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Transmission Spectra ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Polymer Waveguide ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Core Fiber

A fiber optic whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator was proposed and realized by integrating an inline polymer waveguide with a microsphere mounted on it. The polymer waveguide with a diameter of 1 μm was printed with femtosecond laser-assisted multiphoton polymerization in a section of a grooved hollow-core fiber, which was sandwiched between two single-mode fibers. Two WGW resonators assembled with microspheres of different sizes were prepared. The transmission spectra of those stimulated WGMs were investigated both in simulation and experimentally. The temperature response of the resonators was particularly studied, and a linear sensitivity of −593 pm/°C was achieved from 20 °C to 100 °C.

scholarly journals Whispering gallery mode resonator sensor for in situ measurements of hydrogel gelation

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H. Huang ◽  
Saahil Sheth ◽  
Era Jain ◽  
Xuefeng Jiang ◽  
Silviya P. Zustiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator ◽  
Mode Resonator

scholarly journals High-Sensitivity Whispering Gallery Mode Humidity Sensor Based on Glycerol Microdroplet Volumetric Expansion

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1746
Author(s):  
Pauls Kristaps Reinis ◽  
Lase Milgrave ◽  
Kristians Draguns ◽  
Inga Brice ◽  
Janis Alnis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Volumetric Expansion ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Good Repeatability

We demonstrate a highly sensitive whispering gallery mode (WGM) relative humidity (RH) sensor based on a glycerol microdroplet. WGMs were excited using a 760 nm tunable semiconductor laser. We used free space coupling, which is effective when using a liquid resonator. A detailed analysis of different parameters influencing the sensor’s characteristics (sensitivity, hysteresis, resolution, stability, and temperature) is presented. The sensitivity of the sensor is one of the highest reported (2.85 nm/% RH in the range 50–70% RH with the resolution 1 × 10−4% RH). This type of humidity sensor has several advantages, such as high sensitivity, extended lifetime, good repeatability, and low cost, as well as the use of a non-toxic and environmentally friendly liquid.

Whispering Gallery Mode Microresonators for Biosensing

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Soria ◽  
Simone Berneschi ◽  
Lorenzo Lunelli ◽  
Gualtiero Nunzi Conti ◽  
Laura Pasquardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Spherical Surface ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Whispering Gallery Mode ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Whispering Gallery ◽  
Resonance Shift ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Quality Factor Q

In the field of sensing, WGM microresonators are receiving a growing interest as optical structures suitable for the realization of miniature sensors with high sensitivity. When properly excited, WGM microresonators are able to strongly confine light, by means of total internal reflection,along the equatorial plane near their spherical surface. The corresponding supported resonances show low losses and a high quality factor Q (107-109). These high values of the Q factor make possible the detection of any minute event that occurs on the surface of the spherical microcavity. In fact, any minimum change in the surface of the sphere or in the physical and optical properties of the surrounding environment reduces the Q factor value and modifies the position of the resonancesinside the dielectric microcavity. From a direct measurement of this resonance shift, one can infer the amount of analyte that produces this variation.

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