scholarly journals Crystallization and phase separation of tungsten oxide-bismuth vanadate amorphous film by annealing in air

2021 ◽  
Vol 2011 (1) ◽  
pp. 012102
Author(s):  
Chao Li ◽  
Haili Song ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Lei Miao ◽  
Ruijuan Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Amorphous Film ◽  
Bismuth Vanadate

Z-Scheme Photocarrier Transfer Realized in Tungsten Oxide-Based Photocatalysts by Combining with Bismuth Vanadate Quantum Dots

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 3057-3064
Author(s):  
Bo Liu ◽  
Xiao Jiang ◽  
Xiaolin Jiang ◽  
Yinyi Ma ◽  
Zemin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Bismuth Vanadate

Facile synthesis of tungsten oxide – Bismuth vanadate nanoflakes as photoanode material for solar water splitting

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 3423-3430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram A.M. Ibrahim ◽  
Ibrahim Khan ◽  
Naseer Iqbal ◽  
Ahsanullhaq Qurashi
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Bismuth Vanadate ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Solar Water Splitting

scholarly journals Nanostructured bismuth vanadate/tungsten oxide photoanode for chlorine production with hydrogen generation at the dark cathode

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. Rassoolkhani ◽  
Wei Cheng ◽  
Joun Lee ◽  
Austin McKee ◽  
Jonathan Koonce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Bismuth Vanadate

Photoelectrochemical H2 Evolution on WO3/BiVO4 Enabled by Single-Crystalline TiO2 Overlayer Modulations

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunoak Park ◽  
Santosh S. Patil ◽  
Hyeonkwon Lee ◽  
Vijay Shamrao Kumbhar ◽  
Kiyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Bismuth Vanadate ◽  
H2 Evolution ◽  
Single Crystalline ◽  
Pec Water Splitting

Tungsten oxide/bismuth vanadate (WO3/BiVO4) has emerged as a promising photoanode material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting owing to its facilitated charge separation state differing significantly from single phase materials. Practical...

Bulk standards for low-temperature biological x-ray microanalysis

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
P. Echlin ◽  
M. McKoon ◽  
E.S. Taylor ◽  
C.E. Thomas ◽  
K.L. Maloney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Absolute Concentration ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Analytical Procedures ◽  
Electrical Conductors

Although sections of frozen salt solutions have been used as standards for x-ray microanalysis, such solutions are less useful when analysed in the bulk form. They are poor thermal and electrical conductors and severe phase separation occurs during the cooling process. Following a suggestion by Whitecross et al we have made up a series of salt solutions containing a small amount of graphite to improve the sample conductivity. In addition, we have incorporated a polymer to ensure the formation of microcrystalline ice and a consequent homogenity of salt dispersion within the frozen matrix. The mixtures have been used to standardize the analytical procedures applied to frozen hydrated bulk specimens based on the peak/background analytical method and to measure the absolute concentration of elements in developing roots.

TEM Studies of Grain Boundary Films in Si3N4 Ceramics

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 930-931
Author(s):  
H.-J. Kleebe ◽  
J.S. Vetrano ◽  
J. Bruley ◽  
M. Rühle
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Hot Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Amorphous Film ◽  
Liquid Phase Sintering ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
High Temperature Mechanical Properties ◽  
Triple Points ◽  
Boundary Films

It is expected that silicon nitride based ceramics will be used as high-temperature structural components. Though much progress has been made in both processing techniques and microstructural control, the mechanical properties required have not yet been achieved. It is thought that the high-temperature mechanical properties of Si3N4 are limited largely by the secondary glassy phases present at triple points. These are due to various oxide additives used to promote liquid-phase sintering. Therefore, many attempts have been performed to crystallize these second phase glassy pockets in order to improve high temperature properties. In addition to the glassy or crystallized second phases at triple points a thin amorphous film exists at two-grain junctions. This thin film is found even in silicon nitride formed by hot isostatic pressing (HIPing) without additives. It has been proposed by Clarke that an amorphous film can exist at two-grain junctions with an equilibrium thickness.

Novel magneto-optical recording materials: Bi-substituted garnet films

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 776-777
Author(s):  
Takao Suzuki ◽  
Hossein Nuri
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Amorphous Film ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Garnet Film ◽  
Media Noise ◽  
Garnet Films ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
A Current

For future high density magneto-optical recording materials, a Bi-substituted garnet film ((BiDy)3(FeGa)5O12) is an attractive candidate since it has strong magneto-optic effect at short wavelengths less than 600 nm. The signal in read back performance at 500 nm using a garnet film can be an order of magnitude higher than a current rare earth-transition metal amorphous film. However, the granularity and surface roughness of such crystalline garnet films are the key to control for minimizing media noise.We have demonstrated a new technique to fabricate a garnet film which has much smaller grain size and smoother surfaces than those annealed in a conventional oven. This method employs a high ramp-up rate annealing (Γ = 50 ~ 100 C/s) in nitrogen atmosphere. Fig.1 shows a typical microstruture of a Bi-susbtituted garnet film deposited by r.f. sputtering and then subsequently crystallized by a rapid thermal annealing technique at Γ = 50 C/s at 650 °C for 2 min. The structure is a single phase of garnet, and a grain size is about 300A.

Evaluation method for imaging plate resolution by means of phase contrast transfer function

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 662-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Oikawa ◽  
H. Kosugi ◽  
F. Hosokawa ◽  
D. Shindo ◽  
M. Kersker
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Amorphous Film ◽  
Imaging Plate ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Special Shape ◽  
Contrast Transfer Function ◽  
Contrast Image ◽  
Specimen Shape

Evaluation of the resolution of the Imaging Plate (IP) has been attempted by some methods. An evaluation method for IP resolution, which is not influenced by hard X-rays at higher accelerating voltages, was proposed previously by the present authors. This method, however, requires truoblesome experimental preperations partly because specially synthesized hematite was used as a specimen, and partly because a special shape of the specimen was used as a standard image. In this paper, a convenient evaluation method which is not infuenced by the specimen shape and image direction, is newly proposed. In this method, phase contrast images of thin amorphous film are used.Several diffraction rings are obtained by the Fourier transformation of a phase contrast image of thin amorphous film, taken at a large under focus. The rings show the spatial-frequency spectrum corresponding to the phase contrast transfer function (PCTF). The envelope function is obtained by connecting the peak intensities of the rings. The evelope function is offten used for evaluation of the instrument, because the function shows the performance of the electron microscope (EM).

Phase separation in sol gel-derived ceramic films of silica-zirconia, alumina-zirconia, and titania-zirconia system

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 646-647
Author(s):  
J. Tong ◽  
L. Eyring
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Chemical Durability ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
Toughening Mechanism ◽  
Ceramic Films ◽  
Zirconia Toughened Alumina

There is increasing interest in composites containing zirconia because of their high strength, fracture toughness, and its great influence on the chemical durability in glass. For the zirconia-silica system, monolithic glasses, fibers and coatings have been obtained. There is currently a great interest in designing zirconia-toughened alumina including exploration of the processing methods and the toughening mechanism.The possibility of forming nanocrystal composites by a phase separation method has been investigated in three systems: zirconia-alumina, zirconia-silica and zirconia-titania using HREM. The morphological observations initially suggest that the formation of nanocrystal composites by a phase separation method is possible in the zirconia-alumina and zirconia-silica systems, but impossible in the zirconia-titania system. The separation-produced grain size in silica-zirconia system is around 5 nm and is more uniform than that in the alumina-zirconia system in which the sizes of the small polyhedron grains are around 10 nm. In the titania-zirconia system, there is no obvious separation as was observed in die alumina-zirconia and silica-zirconia system.

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