scholarly journals Determination of the charge and discharge modes duration effect on the LiFePO4 cells resource in the electric power source

2021 ◽  
Vol 2061 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
N I Schurov ◽  
S I Dedov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Switching Frequency ◽  
High Switching Frequency ◽  
Duration Effect ◽  
Battery Cells

Abstract The paper is devoted to the determination of the resource of LiFePO4 battery cells when they are used as a primary source of energy in an electric vehicle. The analysis of the WLTC driving cycle from the point of view of the currents arising in the battery of an electric vehicle was carried out, its main parameters were revealed, such as: the duration and magnitude of the charge and discharge currents and the duration of the pause. The results of experiments on determining the resource of an 18650 cell at various load cycles are presented. It was found that cells loaded with a low current with a high switching frequency of the operating mode are subject to the greatest degradation. The lowest degradation rate was observed in cells loaded with low current with short-term charging modes. The result obtained will make it possible to more accurately determine the remaining life of the battery cells. Also, the data can be used to improve the algorithms of the BMS in order to extend the battery life.

Next Generation Chip Embedding Technology for High Efficient Mid Power Modules

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 000737-000741
Author(s):  
Kay S. Essig ◽  
CT Chiu ◽  
Jarris Kuo ◽  
Phidia Chen ◽  
Jean-Marc Yannou
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Thermal Dissipation ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Switching Frequency ◽  
Lead Frame ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Power Modules ◽  
High Switching Frequency ◽  
High Efficient

Abstract Embedding active dies into the substrate is fulfilling integration requirements for modern communication devices, and furthermore embedding was shown to have beneficial effects on electrical performance and thermal dissipation, especially for mid power modules (from a few hundred watts to 5kW) [1–3]. It comes with strong advantages as the power modules operate at higher frequencies (MHz range) and aim to apply smaller capacitors and inductors. This approach reduces the overall PCB size and weight from system point of view. These beneficial effects were observed especially for embedded power dies that were already mounted in a lead frame cavity when embedding [3]. In this paper we shall report the development of embedded technologies for power modules mounted in a lead frame cavity and compare electrical performance, thermal dissipation and reliability results with conventional PQFN packaging [3]. We shall also report electrical performance in various operation frequency ranges from a few kHz to MHz to address the benefit on high switching frequency power modules for SiC or GaN applications. We will also address if the EMI effect can be eliminated by using chip embedded technology instead of wire bonding connection from driver to gate pad of power MOSFET chip. We will conclude that the challenges of electrical performance and thermal dissipation required for today's power modules can successfully be overcome by next generation power modules based on lead frame chip embedding.

scholarly journals Utilization of Used Electric Vehicle Batteries for The Design of Mini-Generating Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2111 (1) ◽  
pp. 012050
Author(s):  
Khairunnisa ◽  
Muhammad Afif Amalul Arifidin ◽  
Hartoyo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Battery Management System ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Battery Cells

Abstract One of the main objectives of this research is to reduce battery waste from electric vehicles, namely by processing the battery waste to be used as electrical energy storage which is then used in mini generators. Therefore, it is necessary to have methods and stages to do it all. The method used with BMS (Battery Management System) with the Battery Cell Balancing model. It aims to determine the classification of the total battery capacity and battery life time, and determine which batteries can still be reused. The results of the balancing of the battery cells will be used as recommendations and are more economical in power generation storage systems and also provide practical solutions in the management of used electric vehicle battery waste to prevent pollution of active ingredients in battery cells, and also become an alternative for energy storage choices. for reuse. This research can be considered in the future for the electric vehicle industry to be able to reuse used batteries from electric vehicles, as well as the design design of the use of used batteries for mini generation systems.

Determination of δ-hexadecansultone in sodium α-olefinesulphonates and liquid detergents using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Liliya R. Mubarakova ◽  
German K. Budnikov
Keyword(s):  
Multicomponent Mixture ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Detergent ◽  
Cyclic Esters ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Household Chemicals ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Sultones are cyclic esters of hydroxysulfonic acids, which are formed in the process of sulfonation of α-olefins with sulfur trioxide gas. More stable sultones may be present in the final product — an anionic surfactant — sodium α-olefin sulfonate (AOC-Na). AOC-Na is widely used in the production of household chemicals and cosmetic products, including liquid dishwashing detergents. Sultones are strong skin sensitizers, their level in AOC-Na should be strictly controlled and not exceed 5 ppm. Operational and strict control of the sultone content upon AOC-Na production allows timely adjustment at the stage of hydrolysis, which leads to a more complete disclosure of the sultone cycle with the formation of the corresponding olefin sulfonates and hydroxyalkanesulfonates. We propose a method for determining δ-hexadecansultone in liquid dishwashing detergents and sodium α-olefinsulfonates obtained on the basis of α-olefins of C14 – C16 fractions using GC/MS, which provides shortening of sample preparation and keeps the sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.02 mg/kg. The effect of various weakly polar and non-polar organic solvents used for Sultone extraction from AOC-Na and liquid detergent on liquid extraction based on the dispersion of the extractant in an alcohol/water phase is studied. When selecting the solvent we have shown that the use of diethyl ether provided the best extraction of the analyte. Determination of the analyte extraction recovery was performed using the reaction of hydrolysis of the extracted mixture. We specified the operating mode of the device which provided complete separation of the components of the analyzed compounds including the samples of liquid detergent for dishes being a multicomponent mixture of complex composition.

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