scholarly journals Realization of actions of characters and combustion process in the system of 3D modeling of the evacuation process

2021 ◽  
Vol 2140 (1) ◽  
pp. 012033
Author(s):  
M A Tugarinov ◽  
I D Shulga ◽  
E A Yurchenko ◽  
S N Torgaev
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Software Implementation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Psychological Parameters

Abstract The article presents the results of action modules software implementation in the 3D modeling system of the evacuation process in emergency situations. In particular, the software implementation of such actions of the model characters as organizing a group for evacuation, providing assistance to the victim, taking measures to extinguish the fire is presented. The article also presents the physicochemical properties of materials that are taken into account in model for simulating combustion and smoke formation processes. The software implementation is based on the Unreal Engine program and using automatic descriptions of the physical and psychological states of the characters. The descriptions of the possibility of creating characters in the model with different physical and psychological parameters and collecting statistical data on their condition are given.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Emergencies in Russia, 2000–2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Евдокимов ◽  
V. Evdokimov ◽  
Кислова ◽  
G. Kislova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Significant Downward Trend ◽  
The Russian Federation

Statistical data for 15 years on emergency situations (ES), fires and accidents on water is provided, and normalized indicators are calculated. During 2000–2014, 8588 disasters were registered in Russia, which killed 14,826 and injured 5 million 841 thousand people. There were 5097 (59,4%) man-made disasters, 2786 (32,4%) natural ESs, 587 (6,8%) biological and social ESs, and 118 (1,4%) major terrorist attacks. Local ESs count up to 4313 (50,2%), municipal — 2977 (34,7%), intermunicipal – 1069 (12,5%), regional — 191 (2,2%), inter-regional — 23 (0,3%), Federal — 12 (0,1%). Every day (1,58 ± 0,15) emergency situations happened which caused death of (2,76 ± 0,25) people. The risk of being in ES (R1) in Russia amounted to (0,40 ± 0,04) · 10–5, the risk of death in an ES was (1,82 ± 0,10) fatalities per year, individual risk of death in ES was (0,70 ± 0,06) 0183 10–5 per year. There is a significant downward trend in these indicators. The lack of continuity of representing even basic ES indicators in State reports "On the state of protection of population and territory of the Russian Federation from emergencies of natural and man-made origin" prevents their comparison.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Control and Enforcement Activities in Selected Areas: Statistics and Sociology

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-107
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Public Values ◽  
Data Manipulation ◽  
Administrative Costs ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cultural Monuments

The ongoing reform of control and enforcement is aimed at improving the protection of public values such as life and health, property, environment, and historical and cultural monuments while simultaneously reducing the administrative burden on businesses. The first evaluations of the reform demonstrate that achievements have been modest so far. Administrative costs for businesses have slightly decreased. While the share of citizens rating their safety from major risks as sufficient has somewhat increased, most citizens still rate the extent of their safety as rather low or very low. The article aims to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of control and enforcement performance in selected areas characterized by intensive activities of government control bodies, namely the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Federal Service for Labour and Employment, and the Federal Consumer Protection Service. Both statistical sources, including court statistics, and sociological data are used for this purpose. The paper demonstrates a significant variation between the statistical data and the outcomes of sociological surveys in terms of scale and frequency of cases of harm to public values in the respective fields. The statistical data used by control and enforcement bodies are not oriented at evaluating the outcomes of their activities and do not allow the estimation of the real extent of public value protection and its dynamics. To evaluate the situation as it is and develop recommendations for improving control and enforcement activities, data from various sources, including sociological ones, should be used. Such an approach would allow one to evaluate the impact of control and enforcement activities at the level of relevant risks and to reduce the probability of data manipulation.

scholarly journals The Wisdom Acquired During Emergencies Scale – Development and Validity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Battista Flebus ◽  
Angela Tagini ◽  
Marta Minonzio ◽  
Eralda Dushku ◽  
Franca Crippa
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Optimal Score ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Development And Validation

The COVID-19 pandemic and its related lockdown restrictions had repercussions on health status, psychological states of mind, and emotion regulation. Attitudes towards these restrictions, beliefs, emotions and behaviours could be wise, as in the acceptance of, and adaptation to, these constraints. On the other hand, they could be unwise, as in the rejection of rules and limitations, denial of the consequences, irrational beliefs, self-accusation, rage and general intolerance. This study aims to introduce the development and validation of the 25-item Wisdom Acquired During Emergencies Scale (WADES). It is a measure to assess the wisdom and self-regulation that are needed to cope with unexpected and unpredictable emergency situations. On the basis of a preliminary study (N1=212 Italian adults), a multiple-choice scale of 52 items was developed. In the reliability study (N2=1777), items were scaled, analysed according to the optimal score technique and selected to provide a final and reliable version (Cronbach’s α=0.83). The validity study (N3=1,345, N4=1,445, N5= 878) provided correlations with established scales measuring, for example, traditional wisdom, emotion regulation, empathy, post-traumatic growth, collectivism, conscientiousness and satisfaction with life. The results confirmed that high scores on the WADES are associated with the ability to regulate emotions, control impulses and develop goals in emotional situations, to tolerate current difficulties, while developing new attitudes, values and behaviours, entailing changes in self-perception and relationships. It was thus confirmed that high WADES scores indicate a higher degree of acquired wisdom.

Ensuring Occupational Safety in Emergency Response Associated with the Collapse of Buildings

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
A.P. Savelev ◽  
◽  
A.A. Aksenov ◽  
I.K. Mishaev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Software Implementation ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Heavy Equipment ◽  
Preliminary Planning ◽  
Quick Determination

The problem of ensuring occupational safety during emergency rescue operations in the event of a collapse of buildings and structures is considered. Based on the statistics of accidents in the recent years provided by the National Center for Crisis Management of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, the relevance of this topic is determined. For reducing the likelihood of injuries and fatality, it is important to clearly plan, distribute and secure technical means and people at the work sites in the time-limited conditions. To solve this problem, it is proposed to apply the improved methodology for determining the forces and means required for debris handling and rescuing victims in the event of a collapse of buildings and structures. The methodology allows calculating the number of mechanized groups, links of manual disassembly and emergency rescue tools required for carrying out work on debris handling and rescuing victims under the specified meteorological conditions using the input parameters. The output parameters of the calculation according to this methodology are the number of heavy equipment and rescuers with the indication of the amount of work performed in accordance with the level of professional skills. A software implementation of this methodology is proposed, developed for quick determination of the required forces and means for debris handling, which can also be used for preliminary planning of emergency rescue operations and filling in the sections of the use of forces and means in the technical and information-reference documentation of the objects. Application of the recommended developments in practice will allow to reduce the risk of injury and fatality during emergency response associated with the collapse of buildings.

Personal Security of the Officers of The Polish Prison Service

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (35) ◽  
pp. 102-122
Author(s):  
Janusz Gierszewski ◽  
Adam Kwiatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Professional Preparation ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Personal Security ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Interview Technique ◽  
Physical Hazards

Objective and problem: The aim is to know the opinions of the Polish prison officers (security department) about personal security while on duty. The main question is: How do prison officers perceive their security while on duty? Methodology: The authors use literature analysis as well as the analysis of statistical data and of phenomena occurring in society. A diagnostic survey using the interview technique played an important role in the empirical part. The survey was conducted in 2020, in a group of 320 prison officers from various prison units, using the author’s questionnaire. Conclusions: The personal security of prison officers is about their perception of dangerous situations (threats) in the workplace. The issue is mainly concerned with emergency situations: physical hazards (e.g. damage to health), mental hazards (e.g. after a suicidal act is revealed) and legal protection (e.g. in case of slander). Results: Direct contact with prisoners makes the work of an officer of the Prison Service dangerous and stressful, but the officer has adequate professional preparation and technical means to repel the attack. The authors identified significant threats and dangerous places, as well as assessed the effectiveness of the measures aimed at boosting a prison guard’s safety.

scholarly journals Risk assessment for rail freight transport operations

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-488
Author(s):  
Lucyna Szaciłło ◽  
Marianna Jacyna ◽  
Emilian Szczepański ◽  
Mariusz Izdebski
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Risk Assessment Process ◽  
Rail Freight ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Railway System ◽  
Risk Areas

The aim of this article is to assess the risk of performance of rail freight transport on the basis of an analysis of identified risk areas based on statistical data on the causes of accidents that occurred on the lines of railway transport in Poland. A critical review of selected scientific studies relating to the risk assessment process for identified areas of the railway system has been undertaken. Based on statistical data, the authors analysed the causes of accidents on railway lines in 2019 in Poland and determined the probability of occurrence of a given cause. In addition, the article calculates the probability of vehicle delays for different emergency situations occurring in the performance of rail freight transport operations. This enabled the authors of the article to carry out a risk assessment of freight train delays on railway lines.

scholarly journals AVALANCHES IN THE KYRGYZSTAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
L.N. Stasenko ◽  
N.A. Radgapova ◽  
A.Sh. Risbekov ◽  
А.А. Albanov
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Emergency Situations

To develop the most effective measures in the field of prevention of avalanches, prevention of avalanches and reduction of damage from them, as well as to improve the level of safety of the population, it is necessary to study the nature and analysis of avalanches. The presented article presents the results of the analysis of statistical data on emergency situations associated with avalanches that took place in the KR.

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