scholarly journals Determination of Minimum Effective Concentration of Cashew Nut Shell (CNS) Pyrolysis Products for Antibacterial Escherichia coli Using Kinetics Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
R Musta ◽  
L Nurliana ◽  
A Afil ◽  
Damhuri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Minimum Effective Concentration ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

scholarly journals Determination of metal content and an assessment of the potential use of waste cashew nut ash (CNSA) as a source for potash production

BioResources ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 529-536
Author(s):  
Mary B. Ogundiran ◽  
Joshua O. Babayemi ◽  
Chima G. Nzeribe
Keyword(s):  
Metal Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Open Dumping ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Land Filling

The potential use of waste cashew nut shell (CNS) ash as a source for potash production was investigated in this study. Managing waste ash generated from cashew nut processing is a major challenge, as land filling and open dumping of the waste ashes have been the main options in management of the ash in Nigeria. Economically viable ways of using waste ash rather than having to dispose of it have to be investigated. The CNS was air-dried for 4 weeks and combusted to ashes; the resulting ash was extracted with water for its potash content. Some parameters of the CNS, including moisture, dry matter, and ash content, were determined. Potash yield obtained was 33.4% of 150 g CNS ash used; analysis of the potash gave it a percentage purity of 78%, while purity on recrystalization increased to 86%. Potash yield from CNS ash was comparable to those reported for wood ash, plantain peels, and other agro-wastes. Also, the results showed that the CNS shared similar lignocellulosic properties and characteristics with hardwood biomass.

scholarly journals Effects of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) on the performance of broiler chickens

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1027-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A.A. López ◽  
K.R.S. Lima ◽  
M C. Manno ◽  
F.B. Tavares ◽  
D.L. Fernandes Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

The effects of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) on growth performance, carcass yield, relative weight of internal organs and microbiology of digestive tract of broiler chickens were investigated. Five hundred and forty male broiler chicks at one day of age were arranged in a completely randomized design with six treatments and six repetitions with 15 broiler chicks each. The treatments were: control (T1 - without growth promoter virginiamycin and CNSL); inclusion levels of 0.10mL (T2), 0.20mL (T3), 0.30mL (T4) and 0.40mL (T5) of CNSL/kg of feed; and commercial promoter virginiamycin (T6). At 21 and 40 days of age, body weight, feed intake, feed conversion and viability of birds were similar in all treatments. Carcass yield was higher in the treatment with the growth promoter when compared to the control treatment. There was a linear increase in carcass yield when the level of CNSL was increased in the diet. The relative weight of the intestine was lower in the treatment containing virginiamycin when compared to the treatment without the inclusion of additives. The relative weight of the intestines decreased when the levels of inclusion of CNSL were increased. There was a gradual reduction of Escherichia coli concentration reaching the lowest number on the CNSL level of 0.30mL/kg. It was concluded that CNSL showed similar performance and slaughter yield as the growth promoter and reduced the concentration of Escherichia coli in the intestinal contents.

scholarly journals Kinetika Kimia Antibakteri Fraksi Alkana Alifatik Hasil Pirolisis Cangkang Biji Jambu Mete (CNS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-176
Author(s):  
Rustam Musta ◽  
Laily Nurliana ◽  
Andraysno Andraysno
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Fractional Distillation ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Activity Rate ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Inhibitory Power ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

Chemical kinetics research antibacterial of aliphatic alkane fraction from the results of pyrolysis Cashew Nut Shell (CNS) (Annacardium occidentale L.) on Eschericia coli have been carried out. Cashew nuts are prepared by separating the shell and seeds for pyrolysis and purifying using a fractional distillation device. The results of E. coli anti-bacterial activity test from aliphatic alkane fractional distillation results of cashew nut shell pyrolysis products showed that the inhibitory power was different from each concentration variation of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5%, with inhibitor zone: 8.02; 7.16; 5.56; 4.52 dan 4.26 mm which indicates that the inhibition is weak category for 12.5% and 25%, medium category for 50%, 75% and 100%. The clear zone that has been formed are calculated in terms of its chemical kinetics including the reaction order and the activity rate constant. The reaction order (n) antibacterial of aliphatic alkane fraction from the results of pyrolysis CNS on E. coli was 0.3145 with a constant activity rate of (k) = 1,7791. 

scholarly journals Studi Kinetika Antibakteri dari Hasil Pirolisis Cangkang Biji Jambu Mete terhadap Staphylococcus aureus

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Laily Nurliana ◽  
Rustam Musta
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Pyrolysis Product ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Inhibitory Power ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

Research on kinetics antibacterial from pyrolysis product of cashew nut shell againts Staphylococcus aureus have been carried out. Cashew nuts are prepared by separating the shell and seeds for pyrolysis. The results of S. aureus antibacterial activity test results pyrolysis pyrolysis products shell cashew nut showed inhibition is different for each variation of the concentration of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% with inhibition of successive 0.87; 0.97; 1.38; 1.47 and 1.61 (cm). Based on these results it can be said that the result of the pyrolysis of cashew nut shells provide a response inhibition that were at concentrations of 12.5 and 25%. While the concentration of 50%, 75%, and 100% response inhibitory power is included in the strong category on the growth of S. aureus. Order the reaction of the antibacterial activity of S. aureus from the pyrolysis products obtained cashew nut shell 0,3 with activity rate constant of 0.38. The concentration of pyrolysis products of pyrolysis results cashew nut shell the minimum recommended for use as an antibacterial S.aureus.

scholarly journals Aplikasi dan Tinjauan Kinetika Hasil Fraksinasi Produk Pirolisis Cangkang Biji Jambu Mete Uji sebagai Antijamur Candida albicans

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Ustamuni Ustamuni ◽  
Laily Nurliana ◽  
Rustam Musta
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Fractional Distillation ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Activity Rate ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

Research on application and kinetics study of fractionation pyrolysis product from cashew nut shell as antifungal of Candida albicans has been carried out. This study aims to determine the constituent compounds, antifungal activity and chemical kinetics including order and rate constants antifungal activity C. albicans from fractional distillation results of cashew nut shell pyrolysis products. Cashew nuts were hydrolyzed and purified using a fractional distillation device. The results of the antifungal activity test C. albicans from fractional distillation results of cashew nut shell pyrolysis products showed that the inhibitory power varied from each concentration variation of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The concentration of 100% was the highest inhibitory characterized by the formation of a clear zone of 18.23 mm which indicates that the inhibitory force is a strong category. The clear zone that has been formed was calculated in terms of its chemical kinetics including the reaction order and the activity rate constant. The reaction order of antifungals C. albicans from the results of fractional distillation of cashew nut shell pyrolysis products is 0.15 with a constant activity rate of 8.74.

scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis of Cashew Nut Shell

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
Novriany Amaliyah ◽  
Andi Erwin Eka Putra
Keyword(s):  
Pyrolysis Product ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Proximate And Ultimate Analysis ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

This research examines the characteristics of microwave assisted pyrolysis products of cashew nutshell waste (CNS). The pyrolysis process of CNS conducted with microwave heating of 400 W for 60 minutes. Pyrolysis product such as bio-gas, bio-oil and bio-char were identified using proximate and ultimate analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) Method. There is a significant increasing in volatile matter and fixed carbon of derived bio-char and the porous structure was observed in a range of macropore after pyrolysis. The TGA profile reveals CNS sample lost about 71.25% of mass before reached 750℃. The highest decomposition rate on the DTG profile was 0.57 mg/min and 0.56 mg/min as observed at about 261.2℃ and 340.3℃. Bio-oil yield has density of 1.036 gr/ml, viscosity of 19.5 cst after water removing, flash point of 138℃ and HHV of 21.7 MJ/kg. The GC-MS of the bio-oil shows about 53% phenol, 19% palmitic and oleic acid, 11% cyclobutene, 14% ethyl and methyl ester, and cyclopentene and cyclohexane in small amounts in accordance with FT-IR results.

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