scholarly journals Technological Platform for the Best Available Technologies for Processing Universal Agricultural Raw Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 852 (1) ◽  
pp. 012047
Author(s):  
A G Khramtsov ◽  
A A Borisenko ◽  
L A Borisenko ◽  
T V Voblikova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Technological Platform

scholarly journals Best available technologies of wastes processing in mining and metallurgical industries

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 854-859
Author(s):  
I. V. Butorina ◽  
M. V. Butorina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
Reference Book ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Metallurgical Furnaces ◽  
High Level

Mining and metallurgical industries are referred to high wastes productions. To decrease the damage to environment, progressive equipment and technologies are required. It was shown, that the modern approach to the environment protection should be based on implementation best available technologies (BAT). In the elaborated industry technical information BAT reference-book for the mining and metallurgical industries recommendation presented for utilization of main technological wastes of metallurgical production. A brief review of technologies presented, implementation of which allow providing practically complete processing of non-organic wastes, arising during raw materials mining and production of them ferrous metals. To choose the methods of construction and operation wastes utilization, one should be guided by recommendations, related to the thermal sterilization technologies for organic wastes as well as recommendations for utilization of organic wastes. It was noted, that the part of BAT reference book devoted to storing and disposal of production and consumption wastes is an evidence of high level of technologies used in Russia to realize the process. It was indicated, that in the BAT reference books the foreign experience of wastes utilization was not taken into account. Besides, a possibility to sterilize the wastes by thermal method in metallurgical furnaces was not also described. As a whole the application of the information presented in the BAT reference books, will allow to guide specialists of mining and metallurgical plants to choose best available technologies of handling with production wastes.

Strategies for the rational and integrated use of mineral raw materials based on the best available technologies and life cycle assessment of mining waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
L. Shumilova ◽  
◽  
A. Khatkova ◽  
K. Razmakhnin ◽  
V. Cherkasov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Alternative Technology ◽  
Multi Stage

The relevance is explained by the need to expand the functionality of the mining and environmental concept of waste-free production. The purpose of the study is to develop a new one Strategy for the rational and integrated use of mineral raw materials based on the best available technologies (BAT) and an assessment of the life cycle of mining waste. The object of research is the Best Available Technologies, BAT (Best Available Technologies) of mining enterprises. The subject of the study is the relationship of the basic principles of the selection of BAT from alternative technology options with the assessment of the life cycle of mining waste. Method and methodology of research – theoretical analysis, system analysis, development of flowcharts and the new one Strategies for rational and integrated use of mineral raw materials. Results and discussion: a multi-stage comparative analysis of waste management systems in the EU and in the Russian Federation was carried out, which showed that in Russia, for the effective functioning of this system, it is necessary to find and implement such management methods that will allow mining enterprises to interact with the biosphere with the least impact on the environment; it is established that the comparison of alternative versions of BAT is the most effective solution for ensuring an overall high level of environmental protection, saving material and energy resources, taking into account the economic feasibility of implementation. During the EIA, in order to select economically optimal BAT from alternative technology options, enterprises should perform a number of calculations according to the recommended methods and taking into account the nine principles of BAT. Conclusions: the life cycle assessment of mining waste should be integrated into a single management system; a new Strategy for the rational and integrated use of mineral raw materials has been developed based on the best available technologies and the life cycle assessment of mining waste, which allows for waste-free or low-waste production within the framework of the mining and environmental concept

scholarly journals Quartz Sand Use in Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Tamara Kuzmanić ◽  
Matjaž Mikoš
Keyword(s):  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sand Deposit ◽  
Materials Used

An overview of the production and usage of quartz sand as a special sort of sand for civil engineering is presented – from the formation of sand deposits, through mining and processing methods, to its final use, with an emphasis on its use in civil engineering, i.e. in water filtration. Quartz is found in sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks. During sand formation in the fluvial environment, quartz grains are highly resistant to weathering and mechanical wear, and can be transported a long way without changes to size and form. Therefore, quartz is the main constituent of most natural sands. Quartz and quartz sand are ubiquitous raw materials used in a wide range of products in civil engineering due to their chemical inertia and high temperature resistance. An example of a quartz sand deposit and processing plant in Slovenia is presented as a practical case study on quartz sand application. The described applications using quartz sand are the best available technologies in sanitary and hydraulic engineering to be used for a move towards a circular economy, smart houses, and smart cities.

scholarly journals LEGAL REGULATION OF INDUSTRIAL WATER USE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-508
Author(s):  
M.B. Uage
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Water Legislation

The article presents the characteristics of the legislation regulating the right of water use of industrial enterprises in the European Union. Three periods of formation and development of the provisions of water legislation that restrict or prohibit the industrial discharge of hazardous substances into the water are considered. The institute of integrated environmental permitting is considered. It is noted that the issuance of this type of permits is carried out on the basis of the best available technologies. The best available technologies are those technologies that achieve a high level of environmental protection in the most effective way, developed and ready for implementation, cost-effective, technically feasible, applicable to a particular enterprise. At the same time, enterprises should prevent large-scale and cross-border environmental pollution, effectively use water, energy, raw materials, reduce the risks of accidents and minimize the consequences, monitor emissions, and reclaim the land after the termination of their activities. It is concluded that according to the European water legislation, water is defined as a natural object, and in some cases-as a natural resource that requires special protection from the state.

scholarly journals Circular Economy and its Indicators for Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
S. N. Bobylev ◽  
S. V. Solovyeva
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Technological Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

In the world, the theory of the circular economy and its formation in the real economic system is rapidly developing. Many international organizations (OECD, EU) and countries already have their programs for developing such an economy. The article emphasizes that the practical implementation of the concept of “best available technologies” is vital for the transformation of the current linear model of the economy in many countries, including Russia. In Russia, there are many obstacles to the formation of a circular economy; the inertia of the existing export-raw material model is excellent, which is unsustainable and linear. A dangerous trend is the growth of waste intensity at the macro level. The article analyzes and adapts for Russia the UN Sustainable Development Goals directly related to the circular economy, proposes and quantifies key indicators. In the field of quantitative indicators, four areas have been identified for the development of crucial indicators set for the circular economy in Russia. An author’s formula for structuring the consumption of natural resources taking into account technological efficiency and waste is proposed. The importance of using the proposed toolkit of natural-product verticals combining primary natural resources / raw materials with final consumption and allowing us to estimate the size of the lost primary natural resources is emphasized. The indicators of waste management, in combination with production and consumption systems, are analyzed. For a circular economy, it is fundamentally important to calculate the resource and material intensity indicators of various sectors and their weight in the gross product, which will allow to assess the impact of potential structural changes on waste generation and conduct a comparative analysis with the corresponding indicators of other countries.

INTEGRAL INDUSTRIAL SYSTEM OF TECHNOGENIC WASTE UTILIZATION FROM MINING ENTERPRISES, TERRITORIALLY UNITED

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
L. Shumilova ◽  
◽  
A. Khatkova ◽  
V. Cherkasov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Heap Leaching ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Industrial System ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Technogenic Waste ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

At present, there is a need for import substitution (including technologies) in Russia, so the manuals development and regulation of the best available technologies (BAT, Best Available Technologies) are underway. BAT manuals, for example, for the mining industry are basic documents that provide a step-by-step description of BAT, ensuring compliance with obligatory environmental performance indicators. However, these are isolated, unrelated short versions that do not allow for a comprehensive solution to the problems of available mineral resources (AMR) deficit and reduction of environmental degradation risks. To solve the above problems, it is necessary to develop an integrated system for the disposal of man-made waste from mining and mining processing enterprises, geographically united, in order to identify, select effective technologies from alternative proposals and their implementation. The purpose of the study is to develop an integrated system for the disposal of technogenic waste from mining enterprises that are geographically united. Research objectives: study of waste disposal facilities included in the State Register of the Russian Federation; development of a technological scheme for the joint processing of technogenic raw materials of various types; development of a stationary cuvette for year-round heap leaching (KV) of gold in the cryolithozone; conducting experimental studies of KV gold with an effective reagent complex; development of an integrated industrial system for the disposal of technogenic waste from mining enterprises, geographically united; development of alternative options for the production of gold in order to choose an effective technology, depending on the nature of gold mineralization and the form of finding the precious metal in man-made waste. The authors have scientifically substantiated and developed the variants of the integrated industrial system of the closed cycle, using mobile operatively tunable flow lines consisting of independent modules for technogenic waste processing of Darasunsky mine - the enterprise for extraction and ore enrichment of Darasunsky, Teremkinsky and Talatuysky gold deposits (Tungokochensky and Transbaikal regions). According to the cadastre of technogenic accumulations, the sources of mine wastes with the volume of 14410.2 thousand tons are waste dumps of overburden rocks and poor ores, technogenic raw materials of tailing dumps, other accumulations of technogenic raw materials. Experimental studies of gold heap leaching (HL) by the reagent complex including solutions of sodium cyanide and hydrogen peroxide in the ratio – H2O2:NaCN=10:1 have been carried out. Optimal technological parameters of ore preparation and gold leaching process from waste pelletized granules of different types at a ratio of 1:0.5:0: 5 are established, accordingly, out of balance ores of the Talatuy deposit (βAu – 0.7 g/t), underlaid tailings (βAu – 1.45 g/t) and tailings of the current ore processing of Darasunsky gold concentration plant (GCP) (βAu – 0.3 g/t). Gold recovery has amounted 87.1%. In order to implement year-round heap leaching in the cryolite zone, a deepened concrete ditch with multilayer shielding of the upper surface of the stack by injecting warm air through specially equipped perforated vinyl pipes has been installed and a special pelletized granules placement has been carried out. After neutralization KV waste has been proposed to be used in the road construction industry. The industrial system developed by the authors makes it possible to carry out all year round KV, to commercialize utilization of man-caused deposits, both for a long conservation period and the current production and processing, to improve the environmental safety of the city-forming enterprises of the mining cluster. Alternative options are proposed in order to choose an effective technology

scholarly journals SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
A.A. Sidorov ◽  
◽  
G.E. Kudinova ◽  
A.G. Rozenberg ◽  
G.S. Rozenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Solid Municipal Waste

In various regions of Russia, there is some sort of crisis in the handling of municipal solid waste. The National Project "Ecology" is aimed at solving this problem, as well as the federal projects "Integrated system of solid municipal waste management" and "Implementation of the best available technologies". However, in the processing and disposal of waste, the problems of preserving the environment (ecology) often come into conflict with the financial component of the development of the industry (economy). The aim of the study is to determine the integrated environmental and economic efficiency of waste management at the regional level. The study considers the scheme of the technological process for the processing of municipal solid waste and assesses the efficiency of replacing the technological equipment at the "EcoResourcePovolzhie" enterprise based in the city of Togliatti. The authors suggest modernization of separation technology to improve the efficiency of waste processing. With the replacement of the existing separators with drum separators, screens RMZ TR-4500, the efficiency coefficients of the sorting and extraction process, the percentage of selection of secondary raw materials, increase. The costs of replacing drum separators were determined, the economic effect and payback period of the proposed modernization were calculated, as well as the environmental effect of reducing the flow of waste to the landfill, extending the life of the landfill, reducing the risk of the release of hazardous components into the air in the event of fire at the landfill, soil pollution and aquatic environment, as well as reducing disposal costs.

scholarly journals Identification of comparability indicators of the pulp mill discharged treated effluents quality with the technological parameters of the production nature intensity

2021 ◽  
pp. 256-269
Author(s):  
А.И. Шишкин ◽  
М.С. Строганова
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Sulfate Pulp ◽  
Pulp Production

В соответствии с изменением природоохранного законодательства проблема минимизации природоёмкости сульфат-целлюлозного производства, влияющего на экосистему озера, неразрывно связана с изучением вопроса трансформации и превращения загрязняющих веществ в воде с учетом гидрологических характеристик водоема. Природоёмкость целлюлозного производства определяется следующими показателями: количество и качество используемого сырья – древесина, щепа, химические реагенты, вода; технологический процесс производства целлюлозы, бумаги, картона, побочных продуктов – скипидар, талловое масло; эффективность систем очистки сбросов и выбросов предприятия, а также применяемые природоохранные технологии по их управлению. Решались задачи снижения негативного воздействия сульфат-целлюлозного производства на водную экосистему. Совместно с лабораторией отдела охраны окружающей среды целлюлозного завода в летне-осенний период 2020 г. проведен ряд лабораторных исследований сточных вод разной степени очистки после варки разных марок целлюлозы с целью изменения показателей экологичности состава сточных вод ЦБП по критериям региональной экологической техноёмкости. Реализована модель исследования трансформации загрязняющих веществ очищенных и неочищенных сточных вод сульфат-целлюлозного производства при различных разбавлениях природной водой. Представлены целевые и репрезентативные показатели щелокосодержащих сточных вод с учетом наилучших доступных технологий (НДТ) в области производства целлюлозы. Проведены исследования параметров кинетики биохимического окисления при пяти кратностях разбавления водой, имитирующих зону начального и основного разбавления. Произведено соизмерение определяющих технологических характеристик производственно-территориального комплекса в рамках решения задачи эколого-технологического нормирования. In accordance with the changes in environmental legislation the issue of minimizing the nature intensity of sulfate-pulp production, which affects the ecosystem of the lake, is inextricably linked with the study of the transformation and transformation of pollutants in the water, taking into account the hydrological characteristics of the reservoir. The natural intensity of pulp production is determined by the quantity and quality of the raw materials used – wood, wood chips, chemical reagents, water; the technological process of production of pulp, paper, cardboard, as well as by-products such as turpentine, tallow oil and efficiency and applied environmental technologies for the management of discharges, emissions and waste of production and consumption. The tasks of reducing the negative impact of sulfatecellulose production on the aquatic ecosystem were solved. Together with the laboratory of the environmental protection department of the pulp mill, a number of laboratory studies of treated and untreated waste water after cooking of different grades of pulp were carried out in the summer-autumn period of 2020 in order to implement the procedure for rationing waste water of the pulp and paper mill according to the criteria of regional environmental technology intensity. A model is presented for studying the transformation of pollutants in treated and untreated wastewater from sulfate-pulp production at various dilutions with natural water. Target and representative indicators of alkaline-containing wastewater are presented, taking into account the best available technologies (BAT) in the field of pulp production. The parameters of the biochemical oxidation kinetics were studied at five water dilution multiplicities simulating the initial and main dilution zones. The main characteristics of the production and territorial complex were measured within the framework of the tasks of environmental rationing.

Microstructural characterization of laser-melted/roller-quenched dicalcium silicate

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
C. J. Chan ◽  
K. R. Venkatachari ◽  
W. M. Kriven ◽  
J. F. Young
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Particle Size Effect ◽  
Dicalcium Silicate ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Cell Shape Change ◽  
Wide Range

Dicalcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) is a major component of Portland cement. It has also been investigated as a potential transformation toughener alternative to zirconia. It has five polymorphs: α, α'H, α'L, β and γ. Of interest is the β-to-γ transformation on cooling at about 490°C. This transformation, accompanied by a 12% volume increase and a 4.6° unit cell shape change, is analogous to the tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation in zirconia. Due to the processing methods used, previous studies into the particle size effect were limited by a wide range of particle size distribution. In an attempt to obtain a more uniform size, a fast quench rate involving a laser-melting/roller-quenching technique was investigated.The laser-melting/roller-quenching experiment used precompacted bars of stoichiometric γ-Ca2SiO4 powder, which were synthesized from AR grade CaCO3 and SiO2xH2O. The raw materials were mixed by conventional ceramic processing techniques, and sintered at 1450°C. The dusted γ-Ca2SiO4 powder was uniaxially pressed into 0.4 cm x 0.4 cm x 4 cm bars under 34 MPa and cold isostatically pressed under 172 MPa. The γ-Ca2SiO4 bars were melted by a 10 KW-CO2 laser.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document