scholarly journals Enhancement of nutritional value on zooplankton by alteration of algal media composition: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
A Ramlee ◽  
M Chembaruthy ◽  
H Gunaseelan ◽  
S R M Yatim ◽  
H Taufek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Phosphorus Limitation ◽  
Nutritional Requirement ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Balanced Diet

Abstract In aquaculture, fish larvae regularly need a balanced diet according to the timescale because such diets essential for constant growth and reproduction and can avoid malnutrition. Thus, the use of live food organisms is critical as it will first feed for fish larvae. Studies have shown that zooplankton have more excellent digestibility and are suitable as live prey species for different sizes than other live foods (e.g. rotifer and Artemia). However, zooplankton nutrition still needs to improve to meet the nutritional requirement for fish larvae. Feeding zooplankton with well-nourished microalgae is important as it affects the nutritional value of the zooplankton. Algal growth is related to micronutrients (e.g. nitrogen, phosphorus or selenium) supply in the culture medium and the availability of nutrients affects the quality of the algal. Thus, by enriching the algal diet with micronutrients from the culture media, the nutritional value of zooplankton can be improved. This review focuses on the nutritional value of zooplankton through the manipulation of algal media composition as well as wastewater. The relation between the composition of algal media and nitrogen and phosphorus limitation are also discussed. The review links the microalgae nutrient essential with manipulating algal media composition and the change of zooplankton nutrients.

STUDY OF GROWTH AND N, P CONTENT OF MICROALGAE Chlorella vulgaris CULTIVATED IN DIFFERENT CULTURE MEDIA AND LIGHT INTENSITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (4-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedi Edwin Satriaji ◽  
Muhammad Zainuri ◽  
Ita Widowati
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Media Type

Different light intensity and different media types were used to test their effects on algal growth and biochemical composition of cell content to optimize the growth of algal biomass production. Analysis of the results includes growth calculation of Chlorella vulgaris obtained from 6 d observations for 12 h a day (06:00 am to 06:00 pm) with 3 h breaks in between observation. Laboratory analysis was done at the end of day 5th to determine the content of N, and P. Density of C. vulgaris were influenced by both light intensity and media. Differences media type and light intensity as separated parameters and their interactions significantly (p < 0.05) affected on the growth and nitrogen and phosphor content of C. vulgaris. The highest density of  2 310 × 104 cells · mL–1 was on day 4 with walne media resulting in specific growth rate (µ) of 0.43 per day with a  light intensity of 5 000 lux, and the lowest density of 725 × 104 cells · mL–1 was in day 4 with the NPK media and specific growth rate (µ) 0.25 per day with a light intensity of 4 000 lux. The highest nitrogen and phosphorus content (16.12 mg and 28.19 mg) was obtained from walne medium with a light intensity of 5000 lux, and the lowest (3.43 mg and 2.17 mg) was obtained from NPK with a light intensity of 4 000 lux.

scholarly journals In vitro answer of Bulgarian pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Velichka Rodeva ◽  
Stanislava Grozeva ◽  
Velichka Todorova
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Level

Callusogenesis and regeneration ability of cotyledon and hypocotyl explants from three Bulgarian pepper varieties in MS basal medium supplemented with l-3mg/l BAP. l.0mg/1 IAA and 0.5mg/l GA3 was studied. In the different variants of culture medium was registered high level of callusogenesis and organogenesis in both type of explants from the all varieties. The highest percentage of plant-regenerants is established in cotyledon explants (from 3.3 to 18.3) in variant 3 of the culture medium containing 3mg/l BA. In the process of micropropagation by stem explants of the same studied pepper varieties the addition of the vitamins C. B12. Casein hydrolysate and Ferulic acid had a stimulation effect on the plant growth in height and rooting. In result of anther cultivation from three pepper varieties and four breeding lines the highest percentage of embryo structure formation was registered in varieties Albena and Strjama (12.0 and 13.8 respectively). The Bulgarian peppers are recalcitrant and their in vitro answer is different depending from the explants type, genotype and the culture media composition.

scholarly journals Production of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis Enriched in β-Glucans through Phosphorus Limitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8121
Author(s):  
Giorgos Markou ◽  
Christos Eliopoulos ◽  
Anthoula Argyri ◽  
Dimitrios Arapoglou
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Phosphorus Limitation ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Biomass Components

(1) Background: Arthrospira (commonly known as Spirulina) is an edible cyanobacterium that is produced worldwide as a food supplement owing to its high nutritional value. Arthrospira displays strong potential as an important ingredient in the development of novel functional foods. Polysaccharides from Arthrospira are biologically active compounds and hence there is interest in producing biomass rich in carbohydrates. (2) Methods: A. platensis was cultivated under different degrees of phosphorus limitation in order to trigger the accumulation of carbohydrates. The biomass was then characterized in terms of its content of α- and β-glucans, total dietary fiber and monosaccharide profile. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used for the rapid analysis of the main biomass components. (3) Results: Phosphorus limitation resulted in an increase in carbohydrates (from 23% up to 65% dry biomass) of which 4–12% (in relation to the dry biomass) was α-glucans and 20–34% was 1.3:1.6 β-glucans, while 1.4:1.6 β-glucans were not detected. Total dietary fibers ranged from 20–32% (of dry biomass), whereas among the carbohydrates, the predominant monosaccharide was glucose (>95%). FTIR performed well when applied as a prediction tool for the main biomass components. (4) Conclusions: Since β-glucans are of particular interest as biologically active compounds, this study demonstrates that phosphorus-limited A. platensis could be a potential ingredient for the development of novel functional foods.

scholarly journals Active reconfiguration of cytoplasmic lipid droplets governs migration of nutrient-limited phytoplankton

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Sengupta ◽  
Jayabrata Dhar ◽  
Francesco Danza ◽  
Arkajyoti Ghoshal ◽  
Sarah Elisabeth Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Phosphorus Limitation ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Motile Species

As open oceans continue to warm, modified currents and enhanced stratification exacerbate nitrogen and phosphorus limitation, constraining primary production. The ability to migrate vertically bestows motile phytoplankton a crucial – albeit energetically expensive – advantage toward vertically redistributing for optimal growth, uptake and resource storage in nutrient-limited water columns. However, this traditional view discounts the possibility that phytoplankton migration may be actively selected by the storage dynamics when nutrients turn limiting. Here we report that storage and migration in phytoplankton are coupled traits, whereby motile species harness energy storing lipid droplets (LDs) to biomechanically regulate migration in nutrient limited settings. LDs grow and translocate directionally within the cytoplasm to accumulate below the cell nucleus, tuning the speed, trajectory and stability of swimming cells. Nutrient reincorporation reverses the LD translocation, restoring the homeostatic migratory traits measured in population-scale millifluidic experiments. Combining intracellular LD tracking and quantitative morphological analysis of red-tide forming alga, Heterosigma akashiwo , along with a model of cell mechanics, we discover that the size and spatial localization of growing LDs govern the ballisticity and orientational stability of migration. The strain-specific shifts in migration which we identify here are amenable to a selective emergence of mixotrophy in nutrient-limited phytoplankton. We rationalize these distinct behavioral acclimatization in an ecological context, relying on concomitant tracking of the photophysiology and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and propose a dissipative mechanical energy budget for motile phytoplankton for alleviating nutrient limitation. The emergent resource acquisition strategies, enabled by distinct strain-specific migratory acclimatizing mechanisms, highlight the active role of the reconfigurable cytoplasmic LDs in vertical movement. By uncovering a mechanistic coupling between dynamics of intracellular changes to physiologically governed migration strategies, this work offers a tractable framework to delineate diverse strategies which phytoplankton may harness to maximize fitness and resource pool in nutrient-limited open oceans of the future.

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