Decrease levels of total suspended solid in tofu liquid waste using biocoagulant charcoal

Abstract A coagulant is a chemical needed by water to help settle small particles that cannot settle on their own. Meanwhile, total suspended solids (TSS) result from filter dissolved solids by gravity deposition, usually in chloride particles, and indicate the sedimentation rate. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of bio coagulants to reduce levels of total suspended solids (TSS) in liquid tofu waste to find out which one is more effective as a bio coagulant in liquid tofu waste. This research is experimental, consisting of 2 stages: the manufacture of charcoal from bio coagulants and the measurement of total suspended solids (TSS) levels. The data collected were tabulated and then analyzed descriptively. Three types of bio coagulants used were tamarind seeds, coffee husks, and cocoa pods. The results showed that there was a decrease in the TSS value before and after coagulation was given. The highest TSS reduction was obtained from bio coagulant charcoal from cocoa pods which reached 54.28% for a coagulant dose of 2 mg/l, while for a coagulant dose of 5 mg/l it could reduce TSS by 70.71%. It means the cocoa pods waste have a potential to use as coagulant to control sedimentation in the environment.

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Comparative Test Of Effectiveness Between Lotus (Nymphaea Firecrest) And Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) To Reduce Tofu Wastewater Pollutants

Jurnal Kesehatan Prima ◽

10.32807/jkp.v14i1.277 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Muliyadi Muliyadi

Keyword(s):

Water Hyacinth ◽

Eichhornia Crassipes ◽

Liquid Waste ◽

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Total Dissolved Solids ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Dissolved Solids ◽

Experiment Method ◽

Solids Content ◽

Wastewater Pollutants

Tofu industrial liquid waste is waste generated in the process of making tofu or when washing soybeans. In Ternate City, North Maluku, tofu waste is generally discharged into the sea; this causes environmental pollution. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of lotus (Nymphaea Firecrest) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) to reduce levels of pollutants TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) and TSS (Total Suspended Solid) in tofu wastewater in the Tofu Industry in Jambula Village by "phytoremediation process." The research method used in this study is the Experiment Method. The sample total used is 30 liters. From the results of this study indicate that the results of the first examination for water hyacinth, TDS 525mg / l and TSS 449mg / l and lotus, TDS 598 mg / l and TSS 421mg / l, for the second examination for water hyacinth, TDS 445mg / l, and TSS 330mg / l and for lotus, TDS 598 mg / l, and TSS 421mg / l, and for the third examination of water hyacinth, TDS 720mg / l, and TSS 311mg / l and for lotus, TDS 600mg / l and TSS 419mg / l. It can conclude that the most effective way to reduce TSS (Total Suspended Solid) and TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) content is by using Water Hyacinth

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PLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF TRADITIONAL AND INTENSIVE BRACKISHWATER PONDS IN PROBOLINGGO REGENCY, EAST JAVA PROVINCE

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.29244/jitkt.v8i1.13467 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 269-288

Author(s):

. Utojo ◽

Akhmad Mustafa

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Plankton Community ◽

Cell Counting ◽

Counting Method ◽

Plankton Community Structure ◽

Plankton Communities

This experiment aimed to determine the plankton community structure in intensive and traditional ponds of Probolinggo Regency, East Java Province. Plankton collected with plankton net size of 60 μm and preserved with lugol 1%. Water qualities such as temperature, transparancy, salinity, dis-solved oxygen, pH, total organic matter, NO2-N, NO3-N, NH3-N, PO4-P, and total suspended solids were measured and analysed in this study. Planktons were identified using microscopy. Cells were counted using cell counting method. The results showed that in intensive pond we found 16 species of phytoplankton and 7 species of zooplankton with abundance 570-1.808 ind./L, while in traditional ponds, we found 10 species of phytoplankton and 3 species of zooplankton with abundance 134-776 ind./L. The dominant species of phytoplankton in the intensive and traditional ponds were Navicula sp andNitzschia sp, each of Bacillariophyceae class with abundance of 423 ind./L and 198 ind./L, res-pectively. Zooplankton species in intensive pond was copepod sp, while in traditional one was Oitho-na sp, each of Crustaceae class with abundance of 66 ind./L and 37 ind./L, respectively. Diversity and abundance of plankton in intensive pond was higher than in the traditional ponds. The water quality in intensive pond was optimal so that the response to the absorption of N and P inorganic by phyto-plankton was quicker and more effective than in traditional pond producing an increase in plankton communities. The increase value of NO3-N and total suspended solids in intensive pond caused the in-crease abundance of Navicula sp. The high value of NH3-N caused the abundance of Navicula sp to decline. The high values of dissolved oxygen, pH, total suspended solid, and NH3-N in traditional pond can decrease the Nitzschia sp abundance. Keywords: plankton communities, intensive and traditional ponds, Probolinggo, East Java

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PLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF TRADITIONAL AND INTENSIVE BRACKISHWATER PONDS IN PROBOLINGGO REGENCY, EAST JAVA PROVINCE

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.28930/jitkt.v8i1.13467 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

. Utojo ◽

Akhmad Mustafa

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Plankton Community ◽

Cell Counting ◽

Counting Method ◽

Plankton Community Structure ◽

Plankton Communities

This experiment aimed to determine the plankton community structure in intensive and traditional ponds of Probolinggo Regency, East Java Province. Plankton collected with plankton net size of 60 μm and preserved with lugol 1%. Water qualities such as temperature, transparancy, salinity, dis-solved oxygen, pH, total organic matter, NO2-N, NO3-N, NH3-N, PO4-P, and total suspended solids were measured and analysed in this study. Planktons were identified using microscopy. Cells were counted using cell counting method. The results showed that in intensive pond we found 16 species of phytoplankton and 7 species of zooplankton with abundance 570-1.808 ind./L, while in traditional ponds, we found 10 species of phytoplankton and 3 species of zooplankton with abundance 134-776 ind./L. The dominant species of phytoplankton in the intensive and traditional ponds were Navicula sp andNitzschia sp, each of Bacillariophyceae class with abundance of 423 ind./L and 198 ind./L, res-pectively. Zooplankton species in intensive pond was copepod sp, while in traditional one was Oitho-na sp, each of Crustaceae class with abundance of 66 ind./L and 37 ind./L, respectively. Diversity and abundance of plankton in intensive pond was higher than in the traditional ponds. The water quality in intensive pond was optimal so that the response to the absorption of N and P inorganic by phyto-plankton was quicker and more effective than in traditional pond producing an increase in plankton communities. The increase value of NO3-N and total suspended solids in intensive pond caused the in-crease abundance of Navicula sp. The high value of NH3-N caused the abundance of Navicula sp to decline. The high values of dissolved oxygen, pH, total suspended solid, and NH3-N in traditional pond can decrease the Nitzschia sp abundance. Keywords: plankton communities, intensive and traditional ponds, Probolinggo, East Java

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Aplikasi Citra Sentinel-2 untuk Pemetaan Sebaran Material Padatan Tersuspensi Di Muara Sungai Wulan Demak

Journal of Marine Research ◽

10.14710/jmr.v8i4.25193 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 379-386

Author(s):

Bayu Adi Prasetiyo ◽

Baskoro Rochaddi ◽

Alfi Satriadi

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

River Estuary ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Regression Method ◽

Processing Data ◽

Quality Assessments ◽

Sentinel 2

ABSTRAK : Sungai Wulan yang terletak di Kabupaten Demak digunakan masyarakat sebagai jalur keluar dan masuknya kapal nelayan serta saluran pembuangan utama. Hal tersebut berdampak pada besarnya kandungan material padatan tersuspensi yang terdapat pada sungai. Pengamatan sebaran material padatan tersuspensi dibutuhkan untuk mengetahui pola sedimentasi dan penilaian kualitas air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebaran material padatan tersuspensi di muara Sungai Wulan menggunakan metode pengindraan jauh. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah citra satelit Sentinel-2 dan konsentrasi material padatan tersuspensi hasil uji gravimetri. Pengolahan data menggunakan algoritma Lemigas (1997), Budhiman (2004), Parwati (2006), Laili (2015) dan Metode Regresi (Linear, Eksponensial dan Logaritmik). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi material padatan tersuspensi di sekitar muara relatif rendah, sedangkan konsentrasi yang tinggi terdapat di arah timur muara sungai atau di daerah yang berupa teluk. Algoritma yang memiliki nilai error terkecil adalah algoritma Metode Regresi dengan MRE sebesar 10,12% dengan nilai RMSE sebesar 4,3493. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat, dapat disimpulkan jika algoritma Metode Regresi merupakan algoritma yang paling sesuai untuk pemetaan sebaran material padatan tersuspensi di muara Sungai Wulan, Demak. ABSTRACT : The Wulan River which located in Demak Regency is used by people as an entrance point for fishing boats and the main sewers. These have an impact on the amount of total suspended solid contained in the river. Observation about the distribution of total suspended solid is needed to determine sedimentation patterns and water quality assessments. The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution of total suspended solid at the Wulan River estuary using remote sensing method. The data used in this study is Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and the concentration of total suspended solid from gravimetric test. Processing data using Lemigas algorithm (1997), Budhiman (2004), Parwati (2006), Laili (2015) and Regression Method (Linear, Exponential and Logarithm). The results of data analysis show that the total suspended solids distribution at the estuary is relatively low, while the high consentration of total suspended solid is found at the east of the river estuary or in the area that form a bay. Algorithm that has the smallest error value is the regression algorithm with MRE value is 10.12% and RMSE value is 4.3493. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the algorithm with regression method is the most suitable algorithm for mapping the distribution of total suspended solid at the mouth of the Wulan River, Demak.

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PENYISIHAN TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLID (TSS) AIR SUNGAI DENGAN HIDRAULIS KOAGULASI FLOKULASI

JURNAL ENVIROTEK ◽

10.33005/envirotek.v11i2.12 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 53-59

Author(s):

Firra Rosariawari ◽

Erdio Maulana Wijayanto ◽

Aulia Ulfah Farahdiba

Keyword(s):

Hydraulic Jump ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Suspended Solid

Metode pengolahan yang dapat diterapkan untuk menyisihkan Total Suspended Solids (TSS) dan turbidity pada air sungai salah satunya adalah hidraulis koagulasi flokulasi. Kelebihan dari pengaduk hidraulis, diantaranya waktu detensi yang singkat, tidak memerlukan energi listrik, dan tidak menghasilkan emisi. Parshall flume dan baffle channel merupakan pengaduk yang menggunakan loncatan hidraulis (hydraulic jump) dan tumbukan air dengan sekat. Reaktor parshall flume yang digunakan memiliki ukuran lebar leher 2,54 cm, sedangkan baffle channel berkapasitas 120 liter dengan 75 sekat. Variasi variabel yang digunakan diantaranya debit 8, 10, 12 L/menit, dosis koagulan Alum 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 mg/L, dan waktu pengendapan 60, 90, 120 menit untuk mengetahui pengaruh terhadap penyisihan TSS dan turbidity. Efisiensi penyisihan kandungan TSS 84% dan turbidity 93% didapatkan pada debit 8 L/menit, dosis koagulan 80 mg/L, dan waktu pengendapan di bak penampung 120 menit. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dan analisis statistik bahwa debit, dosis koagulan, dan waktu pengendapan mempunyai korelasi dan pengaruh terhadap efisiensi penyisihan.

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Evolution of the relationship between total suspended solids concentration and turbidity during flushing sequences of water pipes

Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA ◽

10.2166/aqua.2020.127 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 (4) ◽

pp. 376-386

Author(s):

Florent Pourcel ◽

Sophie Duchesne ◽

Maxim Ouellet

Keyword(s):

Distribution Systems ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Management Practices ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Water Pipes ◽

Solids Concentration ◽

Test Loop

Abstract Particle accumulation and circulation in water distribution systems are significant in the development of good management practices to protect against discoloration events, which are a major cause of water customer complaints. Quantifying the amount of particles deposited in water pipes is usually done by obtaining total suspended solid measurements while performing flushing sequences, which requires time, skills, and equipment. Some authors explored the possibility of rapidly approximating total suspended solids concentration (TSSC) in water pipes by measuring water turbidity on site, but they obtained different results and coefficients of correlation. This paper presents the results of tests performed in the laboratory on a test loop. Unidirectional flushing (UDF) and air scouring sequences were performed under various hydraulic conditions and two different particle origins. Samples were obtained along each sequence, and the turbidity and TSSC were measured. The results illustrate that the ratio between turbidity and TSSC may vary greatly between samples, up to 10 times during UDF sequences and 20 times during air scouring sequences. Particle origin, flushing method, and sampling time are all factors impacting the turbidity/TSSC ratio. This is why TSSC should not be estimated from a single turbidity reading.

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Dynamics Of Total Suspended Solid (TSS) Around Coral Reef Beach Damas, Trenggalek

Journal of Marine and Coastal Science ◽

10.20473/jmcs.v10i1.25606 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Mayshita Yonar ◽

Oktiyas Muzaky Luthfi ◽

Andik Isdianto

Keyword(s):

Coral Reefs ◽

Aquatic Ecosystems ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

River Flow ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Turbid Waters ◽

Solids Concentration ◽

The Relationship

Total suspended solids (TSS) are sediment material that floats in the water column that moves without touching the water bed, influenced by input from land, river flow, and water oceanography factors. TSS is closely related to sedimentation, which can harm aquatic ecosystems, especially coral reefs. This research was conducted using TSS data as well as flow data for each season (May, June, October 2019, February and March 2020) to know the distribution of suspended solids concentration, knowing the dynamics of changes in TSS concentrations on Damas Beach by season, and to determine the relationship TSS with the growth of coral reefs at Damas Beach. TSS levels in Damas waters are quite high, which can be indicated by the turbid waters. TSS levels in March 2020 showed dominating results with a range of 37.8–72.6 mg/L and an increase in the range of 72.7-145 mg/L. The highest distribution of TSS on Damas Beach is found in the Rainy season.

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DECOLOURIZATION OF TRIPHENYLMETHANE DYES AND DYE INDUSTRY EFFLUENT BY STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM DYE CONTAMINATED SITE

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i9.13438 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 258 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Sandhiya ◽

K. Sumaiya Begum ◽

D. Charumathi

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Dye Decolorization ◽

Total Dissolved Solids ◽

Biological Oxygen Demand ◽

Dyeing Wastewater ◽

Triphenylmethane Dyes ◽

Dissolved Solids

Objective: The objectives of the present study were a) to isolate and screen bacteria for dye removal from synthetic solution b) to optimize various variables such as pH, static/shaking and initial dye concentration on degradation of triphenyl methane dyes namely basic violet 3 and basic green 4 by isolated Staphylococcus aureus c) to analyse enzymes involved in the biodegradation of triphenylmethane dyes d) to treat real leather dyeing wastewater with newly isolated strain of Staphylococcus aureus e) to characterize untreated and treated leather dyeing wastewater f) to study the effects of real and treated effluent on plants and Rhizobium.Methods: Isolation of bacteria from sludge was carried out by spread plate method and the bacteria was identified by morphological and biochemical characterization. The isolated bacterium was screened for dye decolorization potential of triphenylmethane dyes basic violet 3 and basic green 4 The effects of parameters were studied by varying pH (from 3 to 9), temperature (from 15-45 °C), and initial dye concentration (from 10-500 mg/l). The enzyme involved in biodegradation was studied in intracellular extract. Real leather dyeing wastewater was treated with the bacteria and characterized. The treated wastewater was tested on plants and Rhizobium for toxicity. Results: Dye decolorization potential of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wastewater for leather dyes basic violet 3 and basic green 4 were evaluated. Dye decolorization using bacteria was found to be dependent on physicochemical parameters (shaking, pH and initial dye concentration). Enzymes NADH-DCIP reductase and MG reductase were found to play dominant role during biodegradation of synthetic dyes. Application oriented studies using growing bacteria in pure cultures were carried out with leather dyeing wastewater collected from DKS prime tanners. Analysis of raw leather dyeing wastewater showed high pollution load in terms of color, Total solids, Total suspended solids, Total dissolved solids and Biological oxygen demand whereas the leather dyeing wastewater treated with pure culture of Staphylococcus aureus showed considerable decrease in Total solids, Total suspended solids, Total dissolved solids and Biological oxygen demand values which were within the permissible limits. Phytotoxicity and microbial toxicity studies confirmed the non-toxic nature of treated leather dyeing wastewater. Conclusion: Our study proved that Staphylococcus aureus can serve as a potential remediation agent for the treatment of leather dyeing wastewater.

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Removal of Oily Wastewater Using Chitosan-filled Filter Media

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v74.4708 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 74 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Aziatul Niza Sadikin ◽

Mohd Ghazali Mohd Nawawi ◽

Norasikin Othman ◽

Roshafima Rasit Ali ◽

Umi Aisah Asli

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽

Filter Media ◽

Fibrous Media ◽

Filtration Process ◽

Empty Fruit Bunches ◽

Palm Oil Mill

The aim of this research is to evaluate the feasibility of the fibrous media for removal of total suspended solid and oil grease from palm oil mill effluent (POME). Wet lay-up method was adopted for filter fabrication where empty fruit bunches (EFB) were matted together with chitosan in non-woven manner. Chitosan-filled filter media were tested for their ability to reduce Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Oil & Grease (O&G) from palm oil mill effluent. Filtration process results indicated that chitosan-filled filter media filtration only removed up to 28.14% of TSS and 29.86% of O&G.

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Reduction of Solids in Leachate Streams by Membrane Bioreactors: Mass Transfer Topics and Fouling Problems

Defect and Diffusion Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.273-276.770 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 273-276 ◽

pp. 770-775 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Teresa Castelo-Grande ◽

Paulo A. Augusto ◽

P. Monteiro ◽

Domingos Barbosa

Keyword(s):

Mass Transfer ◽

Process Optimization ◽

Membrane Fouling ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Total Dissolved Solids ◽

Membrane Bioreactors ◽

High Potential ◽

Dissolved Solids ◽

Preliminary Results

In this work the use of Membrane Bioreactors to treat leachate effluents is discussed. The problem of membrane fouling is addressed, and some of the efforts being done to overcome this problem presented. The process optimization requires the reduction of other parameters, some directly related to mass transfer, such as the total amount of solids, the total dissolved solids and the total suspended solids. The preliminary results obtained show the high potential of this technique for the treatment of leachates, mainly for the reduction of solids in leachate streams.

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