scholarly journals The Influence of Hydrogeological Factors on the Railway Stability in the Areas of Island Permafrost Distribution (by the Example of the Trans-Baikal Railway, Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012090
Author(s):  
Andrey Melnikov ◽  
Pavel Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Frozen Soils ◽  
The Road ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Far Eastern

Abstract Changes in the geocryological situation at the road base and in the adjacent territory should be predicted based on an analysis of regional features of the “climate – landscape – cryolithozone – construction” system. These relationships are manifested in various ways across various cryolithozone regions, with these differences being rather poorly understood. In this regard, in 2019, the Melnikov Permafrost Institute (Yakutsk, Russia) and the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences signed an agreement on joint research work in order to elucidate the evolution of frozen soils, as well as to justify the application of certain measures to stabilise the permafrost environment. These projects aim to study the cryolithozone response along the routes of projected high-speed highways and existing railway tracks. Since 2019, the Institutes’ representatives along with specialists from the Tynda permafrost station (the branch of Russian Railways), North-Eastern Federal University (Neryungri, Russia), Zabtransproekt (Chita, Russia) and the Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology of the Siberian Branch of RAS (Chita, Russia) have been investigating individual sections of the Far Eastern and Trans-Baikal railways in Russia. Some areas here are characterised by the continuous distribution of permafrost soils, while others – by island permafrost distribution. These areas share such common features, as the significant lifetime of linear structures (lasting for several tens of years) and the presence of deformations of the railway track, which appeared in the first years after construction. Railway track sections installed in high-temperature frozen soils are of particular interest for monitoring. However, the construction deformations are not always caused by frozen soil degradation. This article presents the results of surveys at one of such objects – a section of the track confined to the Chernovskaya station of the Trans-Baikal railway.

scholarly journals Structural-technological solutions for the construction of roads on permafrost soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksei Makarov ◽  
Alexey Kraev ◽  
Zurab Shankhoev
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Thermal Mode ◽  
Technological Solution ◽  
The Road ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Engineering Principle ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

In this article, the authors briefly reviewed the problem of building roads on permafrost soils, according to the first engineering principle. The probable causes, affecting the thermal regime of the frozen soil at the base of the road, are also considered. In order to stabilize the road structure on permafrost soils, the team of authors of this article proposed 3 structural-technological solutions for the construction of roads, depending on the moisture levels of the upper soil mass, calculated for geotechnical and temperature-humidity conditions typical for the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous district. The scheme, description and assessment of the effectiveness of each proposed structural-technological solution is given. Efficiency of the assessment is based on a comparison of the numerical modeling results of the water-thermal mode of mound with the proposed structural-technological solutions and ground embankments of roads on permafrost. The results of the numerical modeling of road embankments on permafrost soils are presented. The main conclusions of the research are formulated.

scholarly journals Simulation on adjacent line mutual interference of high-speed railway track circuit

2022 ◽  
Vol 355 ◽  
pp. 02019
Author(s):  
Qihui Xiong ◽  
Shiwu Yang ◽  
Chang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Coupling Mechanism ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Cab Signal ◽  
Track Circuit

As the density of the high-speed railway network continues to increase, the problem of electromagnetic interference on adjacent lines has become increasingly prominent. This paper focuses on the electromagnetic interference of adjacent lines caused by rail and line in the signal transmission process of the high-speed rail track circuit. Firstly, complete the establishment of the four-terminal network model of the ZPW-2000A track circuit system and the cab signal entry current crosstalk model, calculation of interference voltage under different parallel length of signal frequency. Then the interference factors and coupling mechanism of adjacent lines are analysed to realize calculation of interference amount. Finally, according to the sensitivity index of the cab signal, the maximum parallel length of adjacent sections is given respect, and the interference protection suggestions of adjacent lines are put forward. The research work of this paper provides a theoretical basis for suppressing the interference of adjacent lines and guarantees the safe and efficient operation of high-speed trains.

scholarly journals Railway Track Failure Detection System

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj Marathe ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Failure Detection ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Railroad Track ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rail Systems ◽  
Formation Of Cracks ◽  
Web App ◽  
Indian Railway

Indian railway is one of the largest networks in the country. Its motto is “the life line of the country”, and the main transport is completed by the railways of the country. Railroad is one of the cheapest and safest means of transport, but there are also certain accidents on the railroad. 60% of accidents are caused by road failures or the formation of cracks in the road. Today’s rail systems involve manual track inspection, which is cumbersome and not entirely effective. However, the detection and correction of track defects is a problem for all railway companies in the world. The objective of this research work is to detect railroad track failures with the help of ultrasonic sensor and show the exact location of the crack on web app by using GPS module.

scholarly journals Vehicle-bridge interaction system

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Daria Provornaya ◽  
Sergey Glushkov
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Resonance Condition ◽  
Resonance Effect ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
The Road ◽  
Moving Vehicles ◽  
High Speed Trains ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Oscillation Frequencies

One of the problems in high-speed railways is the influence and vibrations of bridges caused by moving trains. This problem significantly differs from the problems of road bridges for the following reasons. Firstly, the loads caused by the moving train on the bridge are repeated in nature, as a consecutively rotating loads (wheel), implying that certain frequencies will be caused on the bridge during the passage of the train. In contrast, the loads implied on the road are random in nature, expressed through wheel loads and the distance between the wheels. Secondly, high-speed trains can move at a speed much higher than vehicles moving along the road, which makes it possible for the excitation frequency to coincide with the oscillation frequencies of the bridge, which leads to the so-called resonance effect. Whenever the resonance condition is reached, the reaction of the bridge will be constantly amplified, since there are heavy moving loads passing through the bridge. This effect could hardly be observed on road bridges. Thirdly, the mass ratio of vehicles on the bridge is usually larger due to the fact that the train consists of several coupled cars and the railway track is relatively narrow, it has no more than two tracks in most cases. In contrast, a road bridge may be so large that it can afford four or more lanes for vehicles moving in the opposite direction. For this reason, the interaction between moving vehicles causes a greater reaction for the road bridge than for the railways.

scholarly journals Prediction of Thawing Frozen Soils in Thermally Insulated Sections of Gas Pipelines

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
A. S. Kuzbozhev ◽  
◽  
T. I. Rabotinskaja ◽  
I. V. Shishkin ◽  
I. N. Birillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Frozen Soils ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Thawing Process ◽  
Main Gas Pipeline

Most of long sections of the Bovanenkovo – Ukhta gas pipeline are located in areas characterized by the widespread distribution of permafrost soils, which makes the task of predicting the thermal effect of the gas pipeline in frozen soils absolutely relevant and important. The article provides methodology for the initial assessment and prediction of the development of processes of thawing of frozen soils in sections of the main gas pipeline that provide gas transport with a positive temperature. The methodology allows, based on data on the temperature regimes of the gas pipeline and frozen soil, taking into account the peculiarities of the soil state, to determine the beginning of the thawing process of the soils that surround the gas pipeline.

The study of sandy soils density in the subgrade of road embankment when compacted by explosions of elongated charges

2018 ◽  
pp. 371-379
Author(s):  
Elena Gorodnova ◽  
Anastasiya Minchenko ◽  
Ekaterina Suvorova
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
The Road ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Porosity Coefficient

Objective: To create a solid subgrade for highways and railways fulfillment. Methods: Drilling and blasting technology with vertical sand drains formation and explosion energy use was applied. The method in question assumes acceleration of weak organic soils consolidation and loose sands ompaction in the subgrade of the road embankment. Results: Research work was carried out to reduce deformations in the road embankment during the high-speed road construction. Based on the research data, the porosity coefficient and the density index of the sand layer, being the subgrade of the road embankment, were obtained. The article presents a comparison between the results calculated before and after the work. Practical importance: When comparing the results of cone penetration test in soil, obtained at different stages of work, the conclusion was made that the sands in the subgrade of the road embankment were compacted. This fact implies that the application of drilling and blasting technology at sand drains formation results both in weak soils stabilization and also in loose sands compaction. The range of conducted works provides durability and stability in the subgrade of the road embankment.

scholarly journals RCVC: RSU-Aided Cluster-Based Vehicular Clouds Architecture for Urban Areas

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ben bezziane ◽  
Ahmed Korichi ◽  
Chaker Abdelaziz Kerrache ◽  
Mohamed el Amine Fekair
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Service Discovery ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Side Unit ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
End To End ◽  
On The Road

As a promising topic of research, Vehicular Cloud (VC) incorporates cloud computing and ad-hoc vehicular network (VANET). In VC, supplier vehicles provide their services to consumer vehicles in real-time. These services have a significant impact on the applications of internet access, storage and data. Due to the high-speed mobility of vehicles, users in consumer vehicles need a mechanism to discover services in their vicinity. Besides this, quality of service varies from one supplier vehicle to another; thus, consumer vehicles attempt to pick out the most appropriate services. In this paper, we propose a novel protocol named RSU-aided Cluster-based Vehicular Clouds protocol (RCVC), which constructs the VC using the Road Side Unit (RSU) directory and Cluster Head (CH) directory to make the resources of supplier vehicles more visible. While clusters of vehicles that move on the same road form a mobile cloud, the remaining vehicles form a different cloud on the road side unit. Furthermore, the consumption operation is achieved via the service selection method, which is managed by the CHs and RSUs based on a mathematical model to select the best services. Simulation results prove the effectiveness of our protocol in terms of service discovery and end-to-end delay, where we achieved service discovery and end-to-end delay of 3 × 10−3 s and 13 × 10−2 s, respectively. Moreover, we carried out an experimental comparison, revealing that the proposed method outperformed several states of the art protocols.

scholarly journals Deformation Law and Control Limit of CRTSIII Slab Track under Subgrade Frost Heave

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3520
Author(s):  
Xiaopei Cai ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Yanrong Zhang ◽  
Qihao Wang ◽  
Bicheng Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Base Plate ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Track Structure ◽  
Slab Track ◽  
Plastic Damage ◽  
Track Irregularity

In order to find out the influence of subgrade frost heave on the deformation of track structure and track irregularity of high-speed railways, a nonlinear damage finite element model for China Railway Track System III (CRTSIII) slab track subgrade was established based on the constitutive theory of concrete plastic damage. The analysis of track structure deformation under different subgrade frost heave conditions was focused on, and amplitude the limit of subgrade frost heave was put forward according to the characteristics of interlayer seams. This work is expected to provide guidance for design and construction. Subgrade frost heave was found to cause cosine-type irregularities of rails and the interlayer seams in the track structure, and the displacement in lower foundation mapping to rail surfaces increased. When frost heave occured in the middle part of the track slab, it caused the greatest amount of track irregularity, resulting in a longer and higher seam. Along with the increase in frost heave amplitude, the length of the seam increased linearly whilst its height increased nonlinearly. When the frost heave amplitude reached 35 mm, cracks appeared along the transverse direction of the upper concrete surface on the base plate due to plastic damage; consequently, the base plate started to bend, which reduced interlayer seams. Based on the critical value of track structures’ interlayer seams under different frost heave conditions, four control limits of subgrade frost heave at different levels of frost heave amplitude/wavelength were obtained.

scholarly journals A Review of Different Aspects of Applying Asphalt and Bituminous Mixes under a Railway Track

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Kazem Jadidi ◽  
Morteza Esmaeili ◽  
Mehdi Kalantari ◽  
Mehdi Khalili ◽  
Moses Karakouzian
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
High Speed Train ◽  
Slab Track ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Railway Tracks ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Heavy Loads ◽  
Design And Construction

Asphalt is a common material that is used extensively for roadways. Furthermore, bituminous mixes have been used in railways, both as asphalt and as mortar. Different agencies and research institutes have investigated and suggested various applications. These studies indicate the benefits of bituminous material under railways, such as improving a substructure’s stiffness and bearing capacity; enhancing its dynamic characteristics and response, especially under high-speed train loads; waterproofing the subgrade; protecting the top layers against fine contamination. These potential applications can improve the overall track structure performance and lead to minimizing settlement under heavy loads. They can also guarantee an appropriate response under high-speed loads, especially in comparison to a rigid slab track. This review paper documents the literature related to the utilization of asphalt and bituminous mixes in railway tracks. This paper presents a critical review of the research in the application of asphalt and bituminous mixes in railway tracks. Additionally, this paper reviews the design and construction recommendations and procedures for asphalt and bituminous mixes in railway tracks as practiced in different countries. This paper also provides case studies of projects where asphalt and bituminous mixes have been utilized in railway tracks. It is anticipated that this review paper will facilitate (1) the exchange of ideas and innovations in the area of the design and construction of railway tracks and (2) the development of unified standards for the design and construction of railway tracks with asphalt and bituminous mixtures.

scholarly journals Effects of preferential flow on snowmelt partitioning and groundwater recharge in frozen soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 5017-5031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron A. Mohammed ◽  
Igor Pavlovskii ◽  
Edwin E. Cey ◽  
Masaki Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Soil Matrix ◽  
Frozen Soils ◽  
Flow Through

Abstract. Snowmelt is a major source of groundwater recharge in cold regions. Throughout many landscapes snowmelt occurs when the ground is still frozen; thus frozen soil processes play an important role in snowmelt routing, and, by extension, the timing and magnitude of recharge. This study investigated the vadose zone dynamics governing snowmelt infiltration and groundwater recharge at three grassland sites in the Canadian Prairies over the winter and spring of 2017. The region is characterized by numerous topographic depressions where the ponding of snowmelt runoff results in focused infiltration and recharge. Water balance estimates showed infiltration was the dominant sink (35 %–85 %) of snowmelt under uplands (i.e. areas outside of depressions), even when the ground was frozen, with soil moisture responses indicating flow through the frozen layer. The refreezing of infiltrated meltwater during winter melt events enhanced runoff generation in subsequent melt events. At one site, time lags of up to 3 d between snow cover depletion on uplands and ponding in depressions demonstrated the role of a shallow subsurface transmission pathway or interflow through frozen soil in routing snowmelt from uplands to depressions. At all sites, depression-focused infiltration and recharge began before complete ground thaw and a significant portion (45 %–100 %) occurred while the ground was partially frozen. Relatively rapid infiltration rates and non-sequential soil moisture and groundwater responses, observed prior to ground thaw, indicated preferential flow through frozen soils. The preferential flow dynamics are attributed to macropore networks within the grassland soils, which allow infiltrated meltwater to bypass portions of the frozen soil matrix and facilitate both the lateral transport of meltwater between topographic positions and groundwater recharge through frozen ground. Both of these flow paths may facilitate preferential mass transport to groundwater.

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