scholarly journals Diseases that provoke fungi in leguminous cereals and measures of fighting against them

2021 ◽  
Vol 939 (1) ◽  
pp. 012067
Author(s):  
J H Rakhmanov ◽  
R A Gulmurodov ◽  
S S Tukhtamishev ◽  
T T Soatov ◽  
Sh Gulmurodova
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Rapid Spread

Abstract Many crop losses have been observed in all states due to diseases in which fungi come from leguminous grain crops such as mung bean, peas and beans. In particular, this situation was noted in scientific observations conducted in several regions of our republic where legumes are grown. Fuzariosis, which occurs in leguminous grain crops, has been studied in studies on root rot, anthracnosis, ascochitosis, flour-dew and other fungi diseases, at what time of their appearance, spread, development and damage to the crop. From these diseases, root rotting in chickenpox and fuzariosis, as well as anthracnosis in mung bean and beans, root rot in fuzariosis, rapid spread and development of flour-dew diseases in connection with weather conditions have been identified.

Rosellinia bunodes (black root rot).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Black Root Rot ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
The Andes

Abstract Given the difficulty in attributing crop losses solely to R. bunodes, meaningful economic estimates are rare. In coffee (Coffea arabica) in Colombia, losses of $489 ha-1 yr-1 due to Rosellinia have been reported (Bautista and Magdiel, 2000). They were most likely caused by R. bunodes and/or R. pepo. In potato in the Andes, losses due to Rosellinia spp. vary from 20% to 80% and, in prolonged monoculture, can reach 100% (Orellana, 1978).

scholarly journals Gamma Radiation (60Co) Exposure and Application of Antagonists for the Suppression of Root Rot Diseases in Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) and Mung Bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek)

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dawar ◽  
M.J. Zaki ◽  
N. Ikram ◽  
M. Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Helianthus Annus

An experiment was carried out for the control of root rot fungi such as Fusarium spp., Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., and Rhizoctonia solani Kühn in Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) and Mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek). Seeds were treated with gamma radiation (60Co) for 0, 2, 8 and 16 minutes intervals and soil was drenched with different antagonists such as Trichoderma harzianum Rifai, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula and Rhizobium meliloti Dangeard. All the antagonists significantly increased germination percentage, shoot length, root length, shoot weight, root weight, leaf area and showed complete suppression of M. phaseolina and R. solani observed in mung bean and sunflower. In both crops, mostly growth parameters increased as the exposure of gamma rays increased whereas in some cases it decreased. P. aeruginosa and R. meliloti were observed to be satisfactory biocontrol agents followed by T. harzianum whereas all exposure time of irradiation of gamma rays (60Co) to seeds of mung bean and sunflower were found to be best.DOI: 10.3126/on.v8i1.4309

scholarly journals Efficiency of the application of insectofungicide prestige for grain crops protection against harmful organisms

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Aleksey Ivanovich Silaev ◽  
Lyudmila Denisovna Grishechkina ◽  
Vera Gennadievna Churikova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
The Prestige

The effectiveness of the insecticofungicide Prestige, KS, used to protect plants from damage by diseases and damage by pests in the first stages of ontogenesis is shown. Presowing seed treatment with a preparation with a flow rate of 2.5–3.5 l/t reduced the incidence of winter wheat with root rot of rhizoctoniosis etiology by 62.9%. The biological effectiveness of the Prestige, KS (3.5 l / t) on moderately infectious background was also quite high - 59.5%, however, it was 9.0% lower than the standard. It practically did not influence overwintering of plants. After application of Prestige, KS were in the norm of 2.5 and 3.5 l/t, and Maxim Extreme, KS in the norm of 1.75 l/t, the number of plants preserved by spring varied from 91.9 to 92.9%, that is higher than in the control by 3.9–4.9%. The application of insectofungicide Prestige, KS at a rate of 2.5 l/t on spring wheat sowings reduced the number of grain fleas by more than 80.0%and the damage of the stems by the larvae of cereal flies by 74.3%. This preparation  is not phytotoxic with respect to cereals.

scholarly journals Soil amendment with Aerva javanica (Burm. F.) Juss. ex Schult. in the control of root rot fungi of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] and mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.)]

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naheed Ikram ◽  
Shahnaz Dawar
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Plant Parts

Root rot fungi cause severe losses of crop plants, so the present work was carried out to determine the effect of <em>Aerva javanica </em>parts powder on root infecting fungi of mung bean (<em>Vigna radiata </em>(L.) and cowpea (<em>Vigna unguiculata </em>(L.) Walp.). <em>A. javanica </em>parts (stem, leaves and flower) were used as soil amendments at 0.1, 1 and 5% to check the effectiveness on growth parameters. All the plant parts showed a significant reduction in root rot fungi like <em>Fusarium </em>spp., <em>Rhizoctonia solani </em>Kuhn, and <em>Macrophomina phaseolina </em>(Tassi) Goid. It was noted that germination percentage, fresh weight, leaf area and number of nodules were significantly higher and the inhibitory effect on root rot fungi increased when the soil was amended with <em>A. javanica </em>leaves at 1%. Thus, among all the treatments, <em>A. javanica </em>leaves at 1% were found to be the most effective against root rot fungi.

scholarly journals LONGITUDINAL DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF PEA DISEASES IN TRANS-URALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
А.А. Postovalov ◽  
◽  
S.F. Sukhanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Distribution Dynamics ◽  
Correlation Dependence ◽  
Correlation Relationship ◽  
In Trans ◽  
Tight Correlation

In the article data on distribution dynamics and pea disease development in Transurals is given. The researches extablished that in region conditions the following diseases of fungus ethiology are most common: fusariosis (form of appearance, root rot and wilt-agents are fungi of Fusarium species, dark spotty ascochytosis – agent is – A. pinodes L.K. Jones and rust – agent is Uromyces pisi (Pers.) de Ваrу. Correlation dependence is established between disease development on pea and weather conditions is established. So, middle straight correlation dependence between development of root rot and HTI growthseason is registered – r=0,53±0,38, inverse tight correlation relationship between development of fusariosis and HTI, development of fusariosis and rainfall during growth season – correlation factor was consequently -0,98±0,08 and -0,98±0,07. Development of ascochytosis and rust to a great extent depended on rainfalls in May-August- correlation coefficient was from 0,76±0,29 to 0,83±0,25. Discovered characteristics of structure formation of pathogen complex and development of infectious diseases, allow to develop differentiated approach to the ways of phytosanitary control of pea agrophytocenosis

Influence of tillage techniques on the structure of the micromycete complex of the grain rhizosphere

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.G. Maryina-Chermnykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Structural Composition ◽  
Progressive Deterioration ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
The Republic

long-term research on the influence of tillage techniques on the formation of the structure of the micromycete complex of sod-podzolic soil in grain crops of the Republic of Mari El has shown that in recent years there has been a progressive deterioration of its phytosanitary condition. Against the background of depletion of the biodiversity of grain agrobiocenoses, cases of epiphytotic propagation of root rot pathogens in the soil were revealed. Disking soil treatment changes the structural composition of soil microorganisms and improves the phytosanitary condition of the soil.

scholarly journals Root rot grain crops on Cereals caused by the phytopathogenic fungi

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 11006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Grebenikova ◽  
Alexander Korshunov ◽  
Vasily Rud’ ◽  
Ivan Savchenko ◽  
Marcia Marques
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Root Rots

Researching the special and infraspecial structure in causative agent populations of the most dangerous diseases root rots of cereals in various regions of the Russjan Federation has been carried out. The defeat of cereals root rots old in Russia causes in the a complex patogenic. More often meet Fusarium culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc., F. oxysporum (Schlecht.) Snyd.et Hans., F. heterosporum Nees., F. sporotrichiella nom.nov. Bilai F. gibbosum App.et Wr.emend Bilai., F. avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc. and Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem., Alternaria spp.

scholarly journals Protection of spring wheat with biopreparations and fungicides in the forest steppe of Priobye: I. First results in extreme weather conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-212
Author(s):  
N. G. Vlasenko* ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushin ◽  
O. I. Teplyakova ◽  
O. V. Kulagin ◽  
D. O. Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Brown Rust ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
First Results

The paper presents data on a comparative test of the efficacy of chemical, fungal and bacterial fungicides in limiting the harmfulness of main diseases of spring wheat. The research was carried out on leached chernozem of the forest-steppe of Priobye of the Novosibirsk region. It was shown that Sternifag, SP reduces the development of root rot at the end of the growing season by 48 %, which is comparable to the effect of a chemical dressing agent Scarlet, ME (imazalil+tebuconazole) and is slightly inferior to the action of combined application of fungal preparation Trichocin, SP with the bacterial preparation Vitaplan, SP (55 %). Preplanting seed treatment effectively reduced the development of leaf infections: Scarlet, ME suppressed the development of Septoria blotch by 54 %, Scarlet, ME + Vitaplan, SP – of powdery mildew by 69 %, Trichotsin,SP + Vitaplan, SP – of brown rust by 74 %. Fungicide Titul 390, KKR reduced the development of these diseases by 60, 81 and 85 %, respectively. Alirin-B, W with Trichocin, SP suppressed brown rust by 64 %. Cellulolytic activity increased 1.3–1.9 times compared to the control as a result of the action of biological products and Sternifag, SP. The amount of plant residues decreased 2.4 and 1.9 times 15 and 30 days after application. The greatest increase in yield was provided by chemical fungicides – 0.7 t / ha, they were not inferior to the use of Alirin-B, W with Vitaplan, SP against the background of etching with Scarlet, ME fungicide.

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