The paper introduces the working principle of a logging instrument, and according to the working principle and instrument’s function of two-way hydraulic control valve. Facing to the key problems of process equipment in the actual service and workflow, the structure of value was designed and optimized. According to the basic functions and physical model of dual-channel and two-way hydraulic control valves, we used hydraulic system simulation software to establish the mathematical model of the entire system. Besides, we maked the simulation of the running state based on the Running results. At the same time, on the grounds of theoretical calculations and simulation results, the influences of the body affected by the external factors in work environment were assessed, and the logging instrument with a dual-channel and two-way hydraulic control valve is designed and processed. Meanwhile, we build an experimental platform and make the experiment according to principle of the instrument. The results show that the design of this dual-channel and two-way hydraulic control valve logging instrument met the work requirements, and it has high reliability in oil exploration, which could be promoted and used in logging areas.