Tribological investigation of peek composite reinforced with nanometre sized potassium titanate powder

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a crystallizable thermoplastic used as composite matrix materials in application which requires high yield stress, high toughness, long term high temperature service, and resistance to solvent and radiation. There have been several reports on the crystallization behavior of neat PEEK and of CF/PEEK composite. Other reports discussed the effects of crystallization on the mechanical properties of PEEK and CF/PEEK composites. However, these reports were all concerned with the crystallization or melting processes at or close to atmospheric pressure. Thus, the effects of high pressure on the crystallization of CF/PEEK will be examined in this study.The continuous carbon fiber reinforced PEEK (CF/PEEK) laminate composite with 68 wt.% of fibers was obtained from Imperial Chemical Industry (ICI). For the high pressure experiments, HIP was used to keep these samples under 1000, 1500 or 2000 atm. Then the samples were slowly cooled from 420 °C to 60 °C in the cooling rate about 1 - 2 degree per minute to induce high pressure crystallization. After the high pressure treatment, the samples were scanned in regular DSC to study the crystallinity and the melting temperature. Following the regular polishing, etching, and gold coating of the sample surface, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to image the microstructure of the crystals. Also the samples about 25mmx5mmx3mm were prepared for the 3-point bending tests.

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Friction and Wear of Potassium Titanate Whisker Filled Carbon Fabric/Phenolic Polymer Composites

Journal of Tribology ◽

10.1115/1.4028911 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 137 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Xinrui Zhang ◽

Xianqiang Pei ◽

Qihua Wang ◽

Tingmei Wang

Keyword(s):

Wear Rate ◽

Friction And Wear ◽

Dip Coating ◽

Hot Press ◽

Carbon Fabric ◽

Potassium Titanate ◽

Transfer Films ◽

Fabric Composites ◽

Phenolic Polymer ◽

Press Molding

Carbon fabric/phenolic composites modified with potassium titanate whisker (PTW) were prepared by a dip-coating and hot-press molding technique, and the tribological properties of the resulting composites were investigated systematically using a ring-on-block arrangement under different sliding conditions. Experimental results showed that the optimal PTW significantly decreased the wear-rate. The worn surfaces of the composites and the transfer film formed on the counterpart steel ring were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to reveal the wear mechanisms. The transfer films formed on the counterpart surfaces made contributions to the improvement of the tribological behavior of the carbon fabric composites. The friction and wear of the filled carbon fabric composites was significantly dependent on the sliding conditions. It is observed that the wear-rate increased with increasing applied load and sliding speeds.

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Additive-manufactured Ti-6Al-4 V/Polyetheretherketone composite porous cage for Interbody fusion: bone growth and biocompatibility evaluation in a porcine model

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-021-04022-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pei-I Tsai ◽

Meng-Huang Wu ◽

Yen-Yao Li ◽

Tzu-Hung Lin ◽

Jane S. C. Tsai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Lumbar Fusion ◽

High Porosity ◽

Ti Alloy ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Intervertebral Fusion ◽

Porous Ti ◽

Peek Composite

Abstract Background We developed a porous Ti alloy/PEEK composite interbody cage by utilizing the advantages of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and titanium alloy (Ti alloy) in combination with additive manufacturing technology. Methods Porous Ti alloy/PEEK composite cages were manufactured using various controlled porosities. Anterior intervertebral lumbar fusion and posterior augmentation were performed at three vertebral levels on 20 female pigs. Each level was randomly implanted with one of the five cages that were tested: a commercialized pure PEEK cage, a Ti alloy/PEEK composite cage with nonporous Ti alloy endplates, and three composite cages with porosities of 40, 60, and 80%, respectively. Micro-computed tomography (CT), backscattered-electron SEM (BSE-SEM), and histological analyses were performed. Results Micro-CT and histological analyses revealed improved bone growth in high-porosity groups. Micro-CT and BSE-SEM demonstrated that structures with high porosities, especially 60 and 80%, facilitated more bone formation inside the implant but not outside the implant. Histological analysis also showed that bone formation was higher in Ti alloy groups than in the PEEK group. Conclusion The composite cage presents the biological advantages of Ti alloy porous endplates and the mechanical and radiographic advantages of the PEEK central core, which makes it suitable for use as a single implant for intervertebral fusion.

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Modeling of cutting parameters in turning of PEEK composite using artificial neural networks and adaptive-neural fuzzy inference systems

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/08927057211013070 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089270572110130

Author(s):

Gökçe Özden ◽

Mustafa Özgür Öteyaka ◽

Francisco Mata Cabrera

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Artificial Neural Networks ◽

Cutting Forces ◽

Fuzzy Inference ◽

Test Results ◽

Inference System ◽

Good Prediction Accuracy ◽

Peek Composite ◽

Artificial Neural ◽

Neural Fuzzy

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and its composites are commonly used in the industry. Materials with PEEK are widely used in aeronautical, automotive, mechanical, medical, robotic and biomechanical applications due to superior properties, such as high-temperature work, better chemical resistance, lightweight, good absorbance of energy and high strength. To enhance the tribological and mechanical properties of unreinforced PEEK, short fibers are added to the matrix. In this study, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and the Adaptive-Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) are employed to predict the cutting forces during the machining operation of unreinforced and reinforced PEEK with30 v/v% carbon fiber and 30 v/v% glass fiber machining. The cutting speed, feed rate, material type, and cutting tools are defined as input parameters, and the cutting force is defined as the system output. The experimental results and test results that are predicted using the ANN and ANFIS models are compared in terms of the coefficient of determination ( R2) and mean absolute percentage error. The test results reveal that the ANFIS and ANN models provide good prediction accuracy and are convenient for predicting the cutting forces in the turning operation of PEEK.

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