scholarly journals Conservation through knowledge: the case study of Parma Botanic Garden

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022047
Author(s):  
Lia Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Critical Interpretation ◽  
Object Material ◽  
The University ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract In the restoration field it is well known that the preservation of cultural heritage stands on a deep comprehension of the architectural object, material expression of a complex system made of cultural, technological, historical, social and economic issues. The knowledge of such meaningful structures requires the identification of both typological features and peculiar characteristics, within an interactive dialogue between contributions from different disciplines. Thus, the study of existing buildings is a complex process that needs to be planned: that means conceived, organized and realized with a critical method. The paper aims to show an example of this approach by presenting the knowledge path followed for the analysis of the Botanic Garden in Parma, Italy. This green area is located in the south of the city and hosts several buildings including the school of botany and the elegant greenhouse, built at the end of the 18th century. Recently, the restoration of the architectural complex has been proposed, aiming at its valorisation. The design process was supported by the studies and the analysis of the existing buildings carried out by the research group in Restoration of the University of Parma. In the specific, the constructive phases have been investigated through historical archive researches whereas the current structural systems have been studied through the geometric survey. Moreover, in-situ inspections allowed to define materials, deepening the knowledge of structural elements and their state of conservation. Finally, the survey of the crack pattern and decay allows to highlight vulnerabilities and mechanisms of collapse. In this way, it has been possible to understand the architectural structure thanks to the comparison between all data collected. On the other hand, in order to respect the historical construction, these analyses are required to reach a satisfying level of detail with the minimum action on the material construction, preferring non-destructive investigations. This approach entails assumptions and uncertainties that could be managed thanks to a critical interpretation of the results. Thus, the case study of Parma Botanic Garden shows the importance of planning the knowledge path with awareness in order to progressively deepen the comprehension with an interactive dialogue between the architectural object and the restoration issue.

scholarly journals ADVANCED 3D TECHNOLOGY IN SUPPORT OF THE BIM PROCESSES IN THE CULTURAL HERITAGE: IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF THE CASE STUDY OF THE ROMAN FLUVIAL PORT OF AQUILEIA (ITALY)

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W11 ◽  
pp. 989-993
Author(s):  
S. Pratali Maffei ◽  
E. Canevese ◽  
T. De Gottardo ◽  
L. Pizzol
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
3D Technology ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Digital Database ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The University

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Advanced 3D technology, in line with the directives of the European Commission's Reflective 7 - Horizon 2020 project, allows to represent in an organized and accurate way (geometrically and chromatically speaking) any type of artefact belonging to the Cultural Heritage. This article will deal with the specific case-study of the research carried out in the archaeological site of the Roman fluvial port of Aquileia, in collaboration with the University of Trieste. Thirtysix MA Architecture students attending the experimental course in “Technologies for the conservation and enhancement of architectural heritage” were involved. The Advanced 3D model of the fluvial port was conveniently divided into 15 sectors, in order to allow the assignment of each sector to a different group of students. The students, using the tools provided by the proprietary EasyCUBE PRO software, were able to create a digital database with an accurate 3D representation of all types of degradation affecting the archaeological structures existing <i>in situ</i>. Starting from the digital database, the students created a report containing the surfaces, volumes, count of the specific elements and all the other textual and graphical data related to the degradation processes. The collected data allowed to produce a metric estimate of the restoration intervention and to realize visual simulations of the post-intervention result. This experience gave the chance to evaluate the advantages of creating a digital database of 3D representations of the various forms of degradation, also in terms of possible future developments.</p>

scholarly journals Endowment Strategies for the University of Delaware Botanic Garden through Case Study Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Stephens ◽  
Aaron Steil ◽  
Melody Gray ◽  
Abby Hird ◽  
Sonya Lepper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Of Delaware ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Public Horticulture ◽  
Public Gardens ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Future Success ◽  
Public Garden ◽  
The University ◽  
Volunteer Group

The University of Delaware Botanic Garden (UDBG), located in Newark, is in transition, moving from its initial founding as a public garden by dedicated faculty and a volunteer group to an organized and efficient entity with widely recognized achievements and reputation. To make this leap, UDBG is faced with the particular need for an endowment to fund its operations, staff, and collections to continue future success. An endowment will provide a steady source of monetary support to operate and maintain UDBG. This study was conducted to discover the best endowment strategies based on the experience of four other public gardens associated with universities. These interviews were compiled and compared. The resulting recommendations for UDBG are based on the following five areas: organizational structure, planning, current strategies, the endowment, and the donor. The insights into how all five of these areas affect endowments may also be beneficial to other university public horticulture entities seeking to build an endowment.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Typological Characterization of Traditional Stone Masonry Walls in Old Urban Centres: A Case Study in Viseu, Portugal

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Domingues ◽  
Tiago Miguel Ferreira ◽  
Romeu Vicente ◽  
João Negrão
Keyword(s):  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Urban Center ◽  
In Situ Characterization

Essential for any intervention in existing buildings, a thorough knowledge of both structural and material characteristics is even more important in the case of traditional stone masonry buildings, due both to the variability of this technology’s properties and the degradation buildings might have sustained. In Portugal, a number of in situ and laboratory experimental campaigns has allowed us in recent years to expand the knowledge on the mechanical properties of stone masonry walls. Nevertheless, the existence of different wall typologies built with the same material necessitates that this characterization takes into account the various regional constructive cultures. This paper presents the results obtained through an in-situ characterization campaign carried out in the old urban center of Viseu, for which there is no information available in the literature. Granite stone masonry walls of two different buildings were analyzed and characterized considering their geometrical and material features, contributing to the identification of stone masonry typologies present in the city’s old urban center. Flat-jack testing yielded resistance and deformability parameters to be used both in safety evaluation and intervention design. The properties obtained can be said to be consistent with those deriving from other experimental campaigns, conducted in granite walls of different typologies, throughout the country. Simultaneously, relevant conclusions about the use of flat-jacks to characterize this type of stone masonry were drawn.

Health Monitoring of Medieval Masonry Towers by an Acoustic Emission Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 817 ◽  
pp. 586-593
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lacidogna ◽  
Gianni Niccolini ◽  
Alberto Carpinteri
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Masonry Wall ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Earthquake Occurrence ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Natural Time ◽  
Non Destructive

Non-destructive tests were performed to assess cracking evolution in two medieval masonry buildings, Sineo and Asinelli towers rising respectively in the Cities of Alba and Bologna, in Italy. As regards the case study of Alba, in situ compressive flat-jack tests on small-sized elements of the tower were conducted in conjunction with acoustic emission (AE) monitoring. At the same time, crack patterns taking place in large volumes of the tower were likewise monitored through the AE technique.As for the case study of Bologna, a masonry wall of the Asinelli tower was monitored during a period of intense seismic activity. The observed correlation between the AE activity in the monitored structural element and local earthquakes points out a significant dependence of deterioration processes in the tower on the action of nearby earthquakes.In both cases, the trends of two evolutionary parameters, the b-value and the natural time (NT) variance κ1, were derived from the AE time series to identify the approach of the monitored structures to a critical state in relation to the earthquake occurrence.

scholarly journals In Situ Analysis of Plaster Detachment by Impact Tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Grazzini
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Analysis ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Impact Tests ◽  
Innovative Technique ◽  
Non Destructive

The frescoed surfaces of historical buildings may be subject to detachment due to various causes of deterioration. A new non-destructive experimental methodology is described to assess in situ the safety against plaster detachments from historical wall surfaces. Through small and punctual impacts exerted with a specific hammer on the plastered surface it is possible to evaluate the level of the plaster’s detachment. A case study at Palazzo Birago in Turin (Italy) is described to give an example of the application of this innovative technique on frescoed surfaces of historical vaults. The test allows to evaluate the safety of frescoed decorations without affecting the material consistency or creating damage, therefore, making it very suitable in the field of architectural heritage.

scholarly journals Energy Refurbishment Assessment of an Existing Educational Building. A Case Study

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (23) ◽  
pp. 1415
Author(s):  
María José Suárez López ◽  
Silvia Soutullo Castro ◽  
María Rosario Heras Celemín ◽  
Eduardo Blanco Marigorta
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Effective Energy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
European Directives ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The University

The building sector is the highest energy consumer (38.1%) in the European Union. This consumption has to be reduced in both new and existing buildings. Respect to the existing ones, they need an effective energy renovation as the current European Directives reflect. Specifically, all countries have to refurbish 3% of their public buildings per year since 2014. In this paper, several refurbishment measures have been applied to the Energy Department Building of the University of Oviedo, using simulation tools. The measures proposed modify the thermal envelope according to the climatic variables and normative restrictions. Also, a parametric analysis has been made studying the influence of these measures in the heating and cooling demand and quantifying their cost.

scholarly journals X-Ray Computed Tomography In Situ: An Opportunity for Museums and Restoration Laboratories

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2028-2038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauzia Albertin ◽  
Matteo Bettuzzi ◽  
Rosa Brancaccio ◽  
Maria Pia Morigi ◽  
Franco Casali
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Complex Objects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ct Analysis ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
The University ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Important Measurement

X-ray Computed Tomography (X-ray CT) is a sophisticated non-destructive imaging technique to investigate structures and materials of complex objects, and its application can answer many conservation and restoration questions. However, for Cultural Heritage investigations, medical CT scanners are not optimized for many case-studies: These instruments are designed for the human body, are not flexible and are difficult to use in situ. To overcome these limitations and to safely investigate works of art on site—in a restoration laboratory or in a museum—the X-ray Tomography Laboratory of the University of Bologna designed several CT systems. Here we present two of these facilities and the results of important measurement campaigns performed in situ. The first instrument, light and flexible, is designed to investigate medium-size objects with a resolution of a few tens of microns and was used for the CT analysis of several Japanese theater masks belonging to the collection of the “L. Pigorini” Museum (Rome). The second is designed to analyze larger objects, up to 200 cm and was used to investigate the collection of the so-called “Statue Vestite” (devotional dressed statues) of the Diocesan Museum of Massa.

The story of two historical textile fragments: Technical analysis and reconstruction of the lost textile pattern

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110174
Author(s):  
Mateo M Kodrič Kesovia ◽  
Željko Penava ◽  
Danijela Jemo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Complex Matter

Cultural heritage textile artifacts that have been preserved only in their smaller fragmented remains represent a very interesting and complex matter, very rarely analyzed and studied individually as a separate entity. This case study covers multidisciplinary research conducted on two 18th century silk fragments with a seemingly identical pattern. Demonstrating the possibilities and challenges which arise when analyzing and interpreting incomplete cultural heritage textile materials, this study can serve as a stimulus for creating a large-scale database of historical fabrics which would allow comparison based on their differences or common characteristics. By applying only non-destructive and micro-analytical methods it has been determined that the fragments were made of the same material and using the same manufacturing techniques. It has been proven that fragments were not part of the same historical fabric, but most likely originated from different parts of the same liturgical vestment. The reverse engineering process applied to preserved fragments has resulted in a detailed technical documentation and a complete reconstruction of the lost original pattern.

scholarly journals Non-Destructive In Situ Investigation of the Study of a Medieval Copper Alloy Door in Canosa di Puglia (Southern Italy)

Heritage ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Giovanni Buccolieri ◽  
Alfredo Castellano ◽  
Vito Nicola Iacobelli ◽  
Giorgio Giuseppe Carbone ◽  
Antonio Serra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Investigation ◽  
The University ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Made In

This paper reports the analyses carried out on the medieval copper alloy door (1111–1118 AD) of the mausoleum of Boemondo d’Altavilla in Canosa di Puglia (Southern Italy). The studied door is the smallest medieval bronze door extant in Italy and, unlike the other Byzantine doors, was most probably made in Canosa di Puglia and not in Constantinople. Analyses were performed to assess the chemical composition of the alloy patinas using a portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) instrument designed at the University of Salento. The experimental results suggested that the two door leaves have the same chemical composition, even if they appear different in both style and size. Furthermore, the alloy used for the door is different from the other previously-analyzed Byzantine bronze doors. The obtained results can be used in the future to compare the chemical composition of other Byzantine doors in order to better understand the manufacture of these precious artifacts.

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