scholarly journals Study on Function Transformation and Spatial Reconstructuring of Small Towns in China’s South of the Yangtze River From 1840 to 1949: Case on Changzhou

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022095
Author(s):  
Dai Haiyan ◽  
Zhang Hong ◽  
Zhao Liang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Transformation Model ◽  
The Political ◽  
Original Material ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Functions

Abstract Taking Changzhou as a case, this paper studies on the functional transformation and spatial reconstructuring of small towns in the south of the Yangtze River in China from 1840 to 1949. Then, the article analyzes its adaptability and mechanism. During this period, there were three significant transformations of urban functions in Changzhou. The political status of Changzhou declined from the Changzhou Prefecture of the Qing Dynasty to the county of the Republic of China; the transportation function reduced from the regional transportation hub city to the local transportation hub city; and the economic function was transformed from the traditional agricultural city to the light industrial city. Functional transformations have driven the spatial reconstructuring. Urban construction has transformed from urban internal transformation to a composite expansion mode, a ring-layer and axial-type composite model. Finally, a lute-shaped urban form was formed, and the internal facilities of the city were more modern.Although there are some regrets, Changzhou's urban spatial reconstructuring has changed the original material framework of the city. This adapted and promoted the transformation of urban functions during this period. In terms of mechanism, first, this is a passive transformation model. Changzhou mainly promotes urban functions through local private forces and relies on the role of the market. Second, industrialization is the fundamental driving force.In the political and economic context of this period, these changes in function and space manifested self-organizing and progressive characteristics.

Locating the interstitial island: Integration of Zhoushan Archipelago into the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 004209802093798
Author(s):  
Huan Zhang ◽  
Adam Grydehøj
Keyword(s):  
Yangtze River ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Zhoushan Archipelago ◽  
The Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Urban Functions

Amidst the debate concerning how to interpret the emergence of new forms of urbanism in today’s world, little attention has been given to urban interstices – the inter-urban boundary areas and interface zones that facilitate exchange between and within vast urban systems. The present paper considers how place is made and developed at these interstices, which frequently provide essential urban functions but are also frequently regarded as rural. We explore this topic through the case of Zhoushan Archipelago (Zhejiang Province, China), an interface zone both between cities within the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and between the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and other megaregions. Like many islands, Zhoushan Archipelago has long been conceptualised as peripheral to the urban yet has simultaneously performed vital urban functions. The paper uses this case to shed light on what interstitiality (in-betweenness) means in today’s urbanism, both for the people living ‘in-between’ and for the wider urban system.

scholarly journals The Membership of the Jewish Refugees from Poland in Political Organizations in Wartime Shanghai (1941–1942)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-64
Author(s):  
Olga Barbasiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Pawnik
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
The Political ◽  
Pacific War ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Jewish Refugees ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

When in the early 1940s a vast number of war refugees – mainly Jews, reached (via Japan) Shanghai, they got stuck in the city due to the eruptionof the Pacific War. While being mostly Polish citizens, they depended on the diplomatic care of the Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Tokyo, led by the Ambassador Tadeusz Romer and after its closure – the Polish Consulate in Shanghai, where the ambassador was moved. The diplomats became engaged in the organisation of refugee groups, livelihoods and visas necessary for their evacuation. The aim of this article is to characterise the political and social groups of Polish citizens, who benefited from the Polish consulate’s help and were therefore registered in the diplomatic records.

scholarly journals A POLÍTICA DE CARIDADE, ASSISTÊNCIA E PROTEÇÃO À INFÂNCIA DESVALIDA EM BELÉM DO PARÁ: DO IMPÉRIO À REPÚBLICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Laura Maria Silva Araújo Alves
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Protection Policy ◽  
Childhood Care ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

<p>O objetivo deste artigo é trazer a lume a política de caridade, assistência e proteção à infância desvalida em Belém do Pará, do período que se estende do Império à República. No século XIX, a infância deveria ser assistida na capital do Pará em decorrência da política idealizada e implementada pela elite paraense. Assim, a infância que precisava ser assistida era designada de “órfã” e “exposta”. A primeira, dizia respeito, também, à criança que tinha perdido um dos pais, e a segunda, chamada, também, “enjeitada” ou “desvalida”, correspondia à criança que alguém não quis cuidar ou receber. Este artigo está divido em três partes. Na primeira, situo a cidade de Belém do Pará, em termos políticos, econômicos e sociais, no cenário do Brasil República, em interface com a infância. Na segunda parte, destaco as políticas assistenciais e filantrópicas no atendimento à infância no Pará e o ideário higienista. E, por fim, na terceira, trago à cena algumas instituições que foram criadas em Belém do Pará, no período do Império à República, para abrigar a criança órfã e desvalida.</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>The objective of this article is to bring to light the charity, assistance and protection policy for disfavored childhood in Belém-PA, from the period of the Empire to the Brazilian Republic. In the 19th century, children should be assisted in the capital of the state of  Pará as a result of the political idealization implemented by this state’s elite. Therefore, the ones who needed to be assisted were designated as “orphans” or “exposed”. The former ones, not exclusively, were the children who had lost one of their parents; the latter ones, also referred to as “rejected” or “disfavored”, corresponded to the children none would look after or welcome. This article is divided into three parts. In the first, the city of  Belém is situated in political, economic and social terms, interfaced with childhood, in the scenario of the Brazilian Republic. In the second, the assistance and philanthropic policies for childhood care, as well as the hygienist ideas, are highlighted. Finally, institutions created to shelter orphan and disfavored children in Belém, from the period of the Empire to the Republic, are brought to centre stage.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Grão Pará. Childhood. Disfavored Children. Hygienism. Welfarism. Philantropy.</p>

scholarly journals The Most Serene Republic of Venice. The Republican Venetian court in the 15th and 16th century

2015 ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Hannes Chronst ◽  
Lisa-Marie Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
16Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Courtly Culture ◽  
The Republic ◽  
City State ◽  
The City

The following proseminar-paper works on the question whether there was a monarchic court and an equivalent courtly culture in Renaissance Venice despite its Republican constitution. The seafaring nation disposed of several aristocratic institutions which dealt with the political everyday business of the Republic, but strikingly the doge still appeared as an official leader. In this context, the following analysis focuses on the geostrategic and historical conditions, the economics of the city state as well as the Venetian constitution and the representational function of the doge and his wife, the dogaressa, in a plurality of cultural ceremonial acts in order to depict the evolution of the Most Serene Republic of Venice of the 15th and 16th century.

Comedy in Callipolis: Animal Imagery in the Republic

1978 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 888-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlene W. Saxonhouse
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Political Community ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Society ◽  
Animal Imagery ◽  
Animal Images ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City ◽  
The Ideal

The political society founded by Socrates in the Republic has been seen by many as Plato's conception of the ideal political community, his Callipolis. However, a study of the language used by Socrates as he builds his perfect city reveals an unusually heavy concentration of animal images. This language seems to undercut the ostensible perfection of Socrates' city and illustrates rather its connections to the comic world of Aristophanes, whose comedy the Birds offers the model according to which the Republic is built. It is suggested that the city of the Republic is comic and ugly, indicating the limitations of politics rather than its potentialities. The Republic argues for the need to reorient the concept of justice away from social life and towards the individual. Ultimately, the Republic suggests that the notion of social justice is laughable and fit for the comic Stage.

Excavation of the Neolithic city site at Zhangxiwan in Huangpi District, Wuhan

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultu
Keyword(s):  
Early Phase ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Middle Reach ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
City Walls ◽  
The City ◽  
Three Phases ◽  
Cultural Relics

AbstractIn 2008, Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other institutions excavated Zhangxiwan Site, which is the latest and the easternmost Neolithic city site in the middle reach of the Yangtze River known to date. Based on the features of the potteries unearthed in the city site, the cultural remains of this city site can be divided into three phases corresponding to the early, middle and late phases of Shijiahe Culture. The city walls began to be built roughly in the early phase of Shijiahe Culture, but it was abandoned in the middle or late phases of Shijiahe Culture. The discovery of Zhangxiwan City Site provided important materials and brand-new prospect for the understandings to the development processes of the prehistoric cities and the deep causes of their construction and abandonment and the process of the civilization during the prehistoric period in the middle reach of the Yangtze River.

Spatial inequality in the city-regions in the Yangtze River Valley, China

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 672-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Li ◽  
Yehua Dennis Wei ◽  
Elfie Swerts
Keyword(s):  
Yangtze River ◽  
Yangtze River Valley ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Spatial Inequality ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
City Region ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
State Sector ◽  
City Regions ◽  
The City

The city-region has emerged as an important scale of state spatial strategy in China to promote equitable and sustainable development. This study investigates the spatial inequality of city-regions in the Yangtze River Valley (YRV) in terms of population, land, GDP and productivity, and examines changing patterns and factors of GDP per capita. We find that the spatial form of the YRV is typical of city-regions in China, where population density and productivity around mega-cities are much higher and decline from the low to the middle and upper reaches of the YRV. We also find that inequality across city-regions is high, and that most inequality is due to differences within city-regions. We find that the YRV is driven by capital-intensive and labour-intensive growth, with an emerging significance of productivity. Our analysis reveals the significance of institutional factors, including the processes of marketisation, globalisation, decentralisation and urbanisation in regional development. Moreover, the importance of the non-state sector in economic growth has been increasing, while the role of globalisation has been declining.

Air quality and its response to satellite-derived urban form in the Yangtze River Delta, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiannan She ◽  
Xia Peng ◽  
Qian Xu ◽  
Lingbo Long ◽  
Ning Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
The Yangtze River Delta

Neolithic Yejiamiao City Site in Xiaogan, Hubei

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultu
Keyword(s):  
Early Phase ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Middle Reach ◽  
Settlement Archaeology ◽  
City Walls ◽  
The City ◽  
Three Phases ◽  
Cultural Relics

AbstractIn 2008, Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other institutions excavated Yejiamiao City Site, which brought to light an important discovery of prehistoric city and settlement archaeology in the middle reach of the Yangtze River in recent years. The whole city site consisted of the Yejiamiao City Site, Jiashan Site and the auxiliary settlement sites at Yangjiazui and Hejiabu Villages. Based on the characteristics of the city walls, moats and the potteries unearthed at the cemeteries, the cultural remains in this site can be divided into three phases corresponding to the early phase of Qujialing Culture, late phase of Qujialing Culture and the early phase of Shijiahe Culture. The city walls and moats were constructed in the late phase of Qujialing Culture; the cemetery of Jiashan Site was used from the early phase of Qujialing Culture to the early phase of Shijiahe Culture; the urn burials in the cemetery were the most unique and rarely seen in the middle reach of the Yangtze River.

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