scholarly journals Production and Characterization of The Basic Soaps Obtained by Double Decomposition and Direct Process of Palm Stearin Oils

Author(s):  
G F Neonufa ◽  
M Pratiwi ◽  
R Purwadi ◽  
T Prakoso ◽  
T H Soerawidjaja ◽  
...  
2010 ◽  
Vol 112 (9) ◽  
pp. 1041-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Li Zhou ◽  
Fu-Qing Zhang ◽  
Qing-Zhe Jin ◽  
Yuan-Fa Liu ◽  
Liang Shan ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Dahar Kamal Bahrin ◽  
Nor ‘Aini Wahab ◽  
Nor Amalina Nordin ◽  
Muhammad Hussain Ismail ◽  
Ismail Nasiruddin Ahmad

The characterization of MIM feedstock consisting of 63 vol% of copper powder with a binder system consisting of palm stearin (PS) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) was studied. To achieve porous structure, sodium chloride (NaCl) was added as a space holder. The effect of shear rate (s-1), temperature (oC) and viscosity (Pa.s) on the rheological behavior of solid and porous copper feedstocks were investigated by using the Rosand RH2000 Capillary Rheometer at temperatures of 160, 170 and 180oC. The feedstocks achieved desirable injection molding characteristics such as pseudo-plastic behaviour, stable flow, flow behavior index less than 1 (n<1) and low activation energy (E). It can be concluded from the analysis that both feedstocks showed a good pseudo-plastic behavior within acceptable ranges in MIM. 


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miftakhur Rohmah ◽  
Sri Raharjo ◽  
Chusnul Hidayat ◽  
Ronny Martien

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) adalah sistem pembawa berbasis lipida yang menggunakan kombinasi matriks berupa lipid padat dan cair yang distabilkan dengan penambahan surfaktan. NLC ini dikembangkan untuk memfasilitasi dispersi senyawa bioaktif hidrofobik dalam sistem hidrofilik.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan formulasi yang tepat untuk menghasilkan dan mengevaluasi stabilitas NLC yang menggunakan fraksi stearin dan fraksi olein minyak kelapa sawit sebagai lipid padat dan cair serta penambahan surfaktan Tween 80. Tahap pertama penelitian ini adalah membuat formula NLC dengan menggunakan metode High Shear Homogenisasi dan Ultrasonication dengan rasio lipid padat:lipid cair adalah 5:5 sd. 9:1% b/b, rasio lipid:surfaktan sebesar 1:3 sd. 1:5% b/b, dan rasio lipid + surfaktan/air adalah 65, 70, 80 dan 85% b/b. Tahap kedua adalah pengujian stabilitas NLC terhadap sentrifugasi, pemanasan pendinginan, dan penyimpanan pada suhu ruang selama 30 hari. Tahap ketiga yaitu karakterisasi NLC stabil meliputi nilai pH, vikositas, ukuran partikel, indeks polidispersi (PDI), potensial zeta (ZP) dan morfologi NLC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan NLC stabil pada rasio lipid padat:lipid cair sebesar 5:5 sd. 9:1, rasio lipid:surfaktan adalah 1:4 sd.1:5, rasio lipid + surfaktan/air sebesar 65, 70, 75 dan 80%, pH pada kisaran 6,28±0,15 sd. 6,44±0,11, viskositas sebesar 18,17±0,29 sd. 26,83±1,61 cP, ukuran partikel sebesar 164,3±6,6 s.d. 340±2,0 nm, PDI sebesar 0,20±0,01 sd. 0,53±0,01, ZP sebesar (-21,25±0,01) sd. (-33,70±0,44) mV, dan memiliki morfologi bulat. Kesimpulannya, informasi tentang formulasi dan stabilitas NLC sebagai sistem pembawa senyawa bioaktif hidrophobik dapat digambarkan dengan baik. Formulation and Stability of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Prepared from a Mixture of Palm Stearin and Palm OleinAbstractNanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) is a lipid-based delivery system using a matrix of solid and liquid lipids stabilized with surfactants, developed to facilitate the dispersion of hydrophobic bioactive compounds in hydrophilic systems. This study aimed to evaluate the formulation and stability of the NLC delivery system produced using palm stearin and palm olein as solid and liquid lipids as well as Tween 80 surfactant. As initial research, NLC formulations was done using the High Shear Homogenization and Ultrasonication using the ratio of solid:liquid lipids of 5:5 to 9:1% w/w, ratio lipid:surfactant as much as 1:3 to 1:5% w/w, and lipid+surfactant/water as much as 65, 70, 80 and 85% w/w. The second stage was testing the NLC stability against centrifugation, cooling, heating, and storage at room temperature for up to 30 days. The third stage was characterization of stable NLC i.e. pH, viscosity, particle size, polydispersion index (PDI), potential zeta (ZP), and NLC morphology. The results showed stable NLC at the ratio of solid:liquid lipids as much as 5:5 to 9:1, ratio of lipid:surfactant was 1:4 to 1:5, ratio of lipid+surfactant/water was 65, 70, 75 and 80%, pH value was 6.28±0.15 to 6.44±0.11, viscosity 18.17±0.29 to 26.83±1.61 cP, particle size was 164.3±6.6 to 340±2.0 nm, PDI was 0.20±0.01 to 0.53±0.01, ZP (-21.25±0.01) to (-33.70±0.44) mV, and had spherical morphology. As conclusion, the design of NLC as a delivery system for bioactive compounds was presented succesfully.


2017 ◽  
Vol 882 ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Mahfuzah Zainudin ◽  
Muhammad Hussain Ismail

The characterization of CIM feedstock consisting 58, 59, 60vol% of YSZ powder with binder system comprising a palm stearin (PS) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) were studied. The effects of powder loading and temperature (°C) on the rheological behavior of the YSZ were investigated by using Rosand RH2000 Capillary Rheometer. The results showed all the feedstock achieved desirable injection moulding characteristics such as pseudoplastic behavior, flow behavior index (n) less than 1 and low activation energy (E). The rectangular parts were successfully injected moulded at optimum temperature of 170°C with the highest green strength was 12.7 N, obtained from 60 vol% powder loading which correspond to greater density and low porosity of the samples.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 981-990
Author(s):  
V. Hariram ◽  
N. Bala Karthikeyan ◽  
S. Seralathan ◽  
T. Micha Premkumar ◽  
J. Godwin John

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Siswanti ◽  
P. Hastuti ◽  
Supriyanto ◽  
R.B.K. Anandito

The production of margarine fat is not only intended to be free from Trans Fatty Acid (TFA) but is also expected to have a higher quality from a nutritional aspect. In this research, margarine fat from sesame oil (SO) and palm stearin (PS) by a chemical interesterification was synthesized. Chemical interesterification is one of the processes used to modify the physico-chemical characteristics of oils and fats. An attempt to chemical-restructure palm stearin and sesame oil to form margarine fat which is suitable for margarine was investigated using sodium methoxide as a catalyst. The effect ratio of PS/SO in color, slip melting point, solid fat index, texture and triacylglycerols (TAGS) profile of margarine fat were studied in research. This research was conducted by three major stages; characterization of sesame oil and palm stearin, synthesis of margarine fat by physical blending and chemical interesterification, and characterization of margarine fat. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, namely the ratio of sesame oil and palm stearin. Margarine fat produced with different variations of the raw material concentration (% w/w SO:PS = 30:70; 40: 60; 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30). Chemical interesterification caused: rearrangement of triacylglycerols, reduction of S3 and U3 and increase in S2U and U2S type TAGs content of all blend, resulting in lowering of melting point, solid fat index and increase texture. Margarine fat in the % ratio of SO:PS = 60:40, has a similar characteristic (texture, slip melting point, solid fat index, and TAGS profiles) which margarine commercial, so has the potential to be developed in the manufacture margarine industry


2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Mahfuzah Noor Affendi ◽  
Nurlidia Mansor ◽  
Ranitha Mathialagan
Keyword(s):  

2013 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 398-401
Author(s):  
Yan Long Sun ◽  
Yin Chan Liang ◽  
Ming Le Zhi ◽  
Zhao Fen Zeng ◽  
Li Min Dong

Aluminum nitride (AlN) nano-wire was synthesized by double decomposition with AlCl3 and NaN3 in stainless steel cauldron without solvent and using Mg as promoter. The effect of reaction temperature, holding time and promoter to the structure, surface morphology and particle size are analyzed. The synthesized AlN was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). A series of electron microscopy characterization results show that the optimum reaction conditions are as follows: reaction temperature is 450°C and holding time is 8h. The average diameter of AlN nano-wire is 100nm.


2014 ◽  
Vol 575 ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosliza Razali ◽  
Zulaila Abdullah ◽  
Istikamah Subuki ◽  
Muhammad Hussain Ismail ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad

The success of metal injection moulding (MIM) process is significantly influenced by the homogeneity level of the powder-binder mixture (feedstock). This paper highlights some initial characterization of the feedstock containing elemental Ni and Ti powders mixture, (50.8 at.% Ni/ 49.2 at.% Ti) mixed with Palm stearin-based binder system. The feedstock was prepared using an internal mixer, HAAKE Rheomix at a temperature of 160°C for 2 hours. The feedstock was then characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Capillary Rheometer. All the results obtained were analyzed and discussed for further injection moulding process.


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