scholarly journals Effect of microwave assisted sodium hydroxide pretreatment on hemicellulose content of oil palm empty fruit bunch for furfural production

2019 ◽  
Vol 673 ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
I N Sadrina ◽  
A F P Harahap ◽  
A A Rahman ◽  
M Gozan
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Hemicellulose Content ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Furfural Production

scholarly journals Tensile Characterizations of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) Fibres Reinforced Composites in Various Epoxy/Fibre Fractions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 6148-6163
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Single Fibers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Treated Fiber

Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) single fibers and reinforced composites were comprehensively characterized through tensile tests to assess their performance as potential reinforcing materials in polymer composites. The performances of OPEFB single fibers and reinforced composites with untreated and treated fibers conditions were compared. The fibers were variously treated with 3% sodium hydroxide, 2% silane, 3% sodium hydroxide mixed with 2% silane, and 3% sodium hydroxide prior to 2% silane for 2 hours soaking time. The highest toughness of the single fibers test was then selected to proceed with composites fabrication. The OPEFB composites were fabricated in 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40 epoxy-fibre fractions. The result shows that the selected treated fiber composite exhibits better performance. The selected treated fiber composite increased the highest ultimate tensile strength by 145.3% for the 90:10 fraction. The highest Young’s Modulus was increased by about 166.7% for 70:30 fraction. Next, the highest toughness was increased by 389.5% for the 30:70 fraction. The treated fibers provided a better interlocking mechanism between the matrix and fibers in reinforced composites, thus improving their interfacial bonding.

scholarly journals Sodium Hydroxide-Steam Explosion Treated Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch: Ethanol Production and Co-Fermentation with Cane Molasses

BioResources ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trinset Weeraphan ◽  
Vasana Tolieng Tolieng ◽  
Vichien Kitpreechavanich ◽  
Somboon Tanasupawat ◽  
Ancharida Akaracharanya
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Cane Molasses

scholarly journals Adsorptive characteristics and microwave dielectric properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch-based activated carbons for dye removal

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini ◽  
Abdul Haris Ali
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Microwave Dielectric Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Microwave Dielectric

The present study was aimed to evaluate the adsorptive characteristics and microwave dielectric properties of activated carbons derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) prepared by microwave-assisted potassium hydroxide activation at 300 W and 800 W for 5 min. The resultant products were characterized for dielectric properties, BET specific surface area, surface functional groups and methylene blue adsorption. Results show that the microwave-assisted activation yields activated carbons with surface area of 695 m2/g and 1339 m2/g for heating rates (microwave irradiation power) of 300 W and 800 W, respectively and both exhibit more than 95% removal of methylene blue at concentrations higher than 100 mg/L. The dielectric properties revealed a better propensity of activated carbons towards microwave heating especially at a higher heating rate due to high surface area, and possibly high moisture content and carbon content. A greater heating rate or microwave power could turn EFB into activated carbon with a higher surface area and excellent adsorptive properties for pollution abatement.

scholarly journals Effect of steam explosion of oil palm frond and empty fruit bunch on nutrient composition and ruminal fermentation characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1223-1228
Author(s):  
Hao Wu ◽  
Zhenming Zhou ◽  
Yuanlong Yang ◽  
Qingxiang Meng
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Hemicellulose Content ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Palm Frond

Abstract In this study, we evaluated the effect of steam explosion of oil palm frond (OPF) and oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) on nutrient composition and ruminal fermentation characteristics in vitro. The results showed that steam explosion decreased NDF (P < 0.01), ADF (P < 0.01), and hemicellulose content (P < 0.01) in OPF and EFB. Steam explosion improved the effective energy value of OPF and EFB. In vitro fermentation results revealed that 72-h gas production capacity of OPF and EFB increased by 12.60and 85.06% (P < 0.01), respectively, after steam explosion. Steam explosion had a tendency to improve the concentration of total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) (P = 0.082). In conclusion, steam explosion of OPF and EFB reduced NDF, ADF, and hemicellulose content and increased gas production and TVFA concentration.

scholarly journals Oxidation of Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Using Hydrogen Peroxide in Alkaline Condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isroi Isroi ◽  
Adi Cifriadi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Cellulose Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Effect

There are growing interest to use cellulose as renewable material in order to replace non-renewable polymeric materials. Alteration and chemical modifications of the cellulose by oxidation is needed to improve its properties and functionality. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidation effect of the cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) using hydrogen peroxide in alkaline condition. Cellulose has been isolated and purified by sodium hydroxide method followed by sodium hypochlorite bleaching. The oxidation effect of the cellulose by hydrogen peroxide was investigated by component analysis of the lignocelluloses, visual analysis, physical and chemical properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to evaluate the changes of functional groups. Digesting of the OPEFB by sodium hydroxide at temperature 160oC for 4 hours reduced lignin content from 22.58% to 16.60%, increase cellulose and hemicelluloses content from 60.76% to 73.87% and 25.86% to 30.95%, respectively. Treatment of the OPEFB pulp using sodium hypochlorite removed all residual lignin. Cellulose content was increased up to 90.86%. Degree of polymerization of the oxidized cellulose was reduced from 1997 to 658. Carboxyl groups of celluloses was significantly increased and confirmed by titration analysis. OPEFB cellulose fiber was damage and broken, meanwhile crystallinity of the cellulose was reduced.Keywords: cellulose, oxidation, oil palm empty fruit bunch, carboxyl group, crystallinity, physical properties Oksidasi Selulosa dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit menggunakan Hidrogen Peroksida dalam Kondisi BasaAbstrakPerhatian untuk memanfaatkan selulosa sebagai polimer terbarukan untuk menggantikan polimer tidak terbarukan mengalami peningkatan. Perubahan dan modifikasi kimia selulosa melalui proses oksidasi diperlukan untuk meningkatkan sifat dan fungsi selulosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh oksidasi selulosa dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) menggunakan hidrogen peroksida dalam suasana basa. Selulosa diisolasi dan dimurnikan dengan metode natrium hidroksida dan dilanjutkan dengan pemutihan natrium hipoklorit. Efek oksidasi selulosa oleh hidrogen peroksida dievaluasi menggunakan analisis komponen lignoselulosa, analisis visual, sifat fisik dan kimia. Analisis spektroskopi inframerah (FTIR) digunakan untuk mengevaluasi perubahan gugus fungsional selulosa. Pemasakan TKKS dengan natrium hidroksida pada suhu160oC selama 4 jam mengurangi kandungan lignin dari 22,58% menjadi 16,60%, meningkatkan kandungan selulosa dari 60,76% menjadi 73,87% dan hemiselulosa dari 25,86% menjadi 30,95%. Perlakuan pulp TKKS menggunakan natrium hipoklorit menghilangkan semua sisa lignin. Kandungan selulosa meningkat hingga 90,86%. Oksidasi selulosa dengan hidrogen peroksida menurunkan derajat polimerisasi selulosa dari 1997 menjadi 658. Gugus karboksil selulosa meningkat secara signifikan dan dikonfirmasi dengan analisis titrasi. Analisis visual menunjukkan kerusakan serabut selulosa, sesuai dengan pengurangan kristalinitas selulosa.Kata kunci: selulosa, oksidasi, tandan kosong kelapa sawit, gugus karboksil, kristalinitas, sifat fisik 

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Delignification of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch by Microwave-assisted Dilute Acid/Alkali Pretreatment

BioResources ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaid Akhtar ◽  
Chee Loong Teo ◽  
Long Wee Lai ◽  
Nursia Hassan ◽  
Ani Idris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Alkali Pretreatment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Microwave Assisted
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document