Effect of initial moisture content on physical properties of Orthosiphon stamineus ground powder during storage

Physical properties of soybean grains present differences as a function of cultivars and moisture content, with the correlation between physical properties. This study aimed to determine the characteristics related to the physical properties of grains with different moisture contents of three soybean cultivars. The experimental design was completely randomized design in a 3 × 6 factorial scheme with three replications, consisting of three soybean cultivars (6266 RSF IPRO, BMX Potência RR, and 14403Z6001) and six grain moisture contents (11, 13, 15, 17, 19, and 21% wb). Soybean grains presented an initial moisture content of 11.0, 11.0, and 10.8% wb, respectively for 6266 RSF IPRO, BMX Potência RR, and 14403Z6001. The other moisture contents were obtained by soaking in a BOD chamber maintained at 25 °C and 93% of relative humidity. We assessed volume, roundness, sphericity, surface area, volumetric shrinkage, and volumetric shrinkage rate. The data were submitted to the analysis of variance by the F-test (p < 0.05) and when significant, regression analysis was performed for grain moisture contents and the means of cultivars were compared by the Tukey’s test. Pearson’s correlation analysis was also carried out to represent the linearity between grain physical properties. The cultivar BMX Potência RR obtained the highest results for volume, roundness, sphericity, and surface area. Volume and surface area increased as the moisture content of soybean grains increased; the opposite was observed for roundness and sphericity. A linear increase in volumetric shrinkage was observed as moisture content increased. The values of the correlation coefficients of the linear regression models can be used to describe the relationships between physical properties.

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Physical properties of safflower grains. Part I: Geometric and gravimetric characteristics

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n5p344-349 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 344-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elton A. S. Martins ◽

André L. D. Goneli ◽

Cesar P. Hartmann Filho ◽

Munir Mauad ◽

Valdiney C. Siqueira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Surface Area ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

True Density ◽

Geometrical Characteristics ◽

Forced Air ◽

Air Circulation

ABSTRACT Safflower is an oil crop and its oil can be used for food and industrial purposes. However, there is little information about the physical properties of these grains, which is important for the planning and execution of post-harvest stages. Thus, this study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effect of drying on the main physical properties of safflower grains. Safflower grains were harvested with an initial moisture content of approximately 0.445 decimal d.b. (dry basis) and subjected to drying in an oven with forced air circulation at 40 °C, until the grains reached a final moisture content of 0.073 ± 0.008 decimal d.b. During the drying, bulk density and true density, porosity, thousand-grain mass, circularity, sphericity, projected and surface area, and surface-volume ratio were measured. Based on these results, it is concluded that all gravimetric and geometrical characteristics of safflower grains were reduced due to the reduction of moisture content, except for the surface-volume ratio.

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Physical properties of sunflower seeds during drying

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n1p157 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 157

Author(s):

Thaís Adriana de Souza Smaniotto ◽

Osvaldo Resende ◽

Kelly Aparecida de Sousa ◽

Rafael Cândido Campos ◽

Denner Nogueira Guimarães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Gravimetric Method ◽

Terminal Velocity ◽

True Density ◽

Sunflower Seeds ◽

Intergranular Porosity ◽

Air Ventilation

The aim of this work was to determine the effect that the moisture content has on the physical properties of sunflower seeds. The cultivar Olisun 3, with an initial moisture content of 34.1 (% wb), was used and then subjected to drying in an oven with forced air ventilation under three temperature conditions: 40, 60 and 80 °C. The reduction in the moisture content during drying was monitored by the gravimetric method until it reached a final moisture content of 8.0 ± 1.0 (% wb). The physical properties were analysed: the bulk density, true density, intergranular porosity and volumetric shrinkage of the mass and unit and terminal velocity. The reduction in the moisture content influenced the physical properties of sunflower seeds and caused a decrease in the intergranular porosity, bulk density and true density at all examined temperatures. The mass and volumetric contractions of the unit and reduction in shrinkage rates all increased with the drying of sunflower seeds at all studied temperatures. The terminal velocity increased as the moisture content of the grains increased, which was more evident at the drying temperature of 80 °C.

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The influence of water content on selected physical properties of cereal seeds to improve the precision of DEM simulation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-858061/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Łukasz Gierz ◽

Ewelina Kolankowska ◽

Piotr Markowski

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Seed Moisture Content ◽

Dem Simulation ◽

Simulation Process ◽

Winter Cereals ◽

Influence Of Water ◽

Length Width

Abstract This article presents the results of research on the influence of moisture on changes in selected physical properties, i.e. the length, width, thickness and weight of dressed and untreated cereal seeds in order to improve the simulation process based on the discrete element method (DEM). The research was conducted on the seeds of three winter cereals, i.e. triticale, rye, and barley. The seeds with an initial moisture content of about 7% were moistened to 5 levels, ranging from 9.5% to 17.5%, at an increment of 2%. The statistical analysis showed that moisture significantly influenced the physical properties of the seeds , i.e. their length, width, thickness, and weight. As the moisture content of the seeds increased, there were greater differences in their weight. The average increase in the thousand kernel weight resulting from the increase in their moisture content ranged from 4 to 6 mg. The change in the seed moisture content from 9.5% to 17.5% significantly increased the volume of rye seeds from 3.10% to 14.99%, the volume of triticale seeds from 1.00% to 13.40%, and the volume of barley seeds from 1.00% to 15.33%. These data can be used as a parameter to improve the DEM simulation process.

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Measurements and Analysis of the Physical Properties of Cereal Seeds Depending on Their Moisture Content to Improve the Accuracy of DEM Simulation

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app12020549 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 549

Author(s):

Łukasz Gierz ◽

Ewelina Kolankowska ◽

Piotr Markowski ◽

Krzysztof Koszela

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Seed Moisture Content ◽

Dem Simulation ◽

Simulation Process ◽

Winter Cereals ◽

Seed Moisture ◽

Length Width

This article presents the results of research on the influence of moisture on changes in the physical properties, i.e., the length, width, thickness, and weight, of dressed and untreated cereal seeds in order to improve the simulation process based on the discrete element method (DEM). The research was conducted on the seeds of three winter cereals, i.e., triticale, rye, and barley. The seeds with an initial moisture content of about 7% were moistened to five levels, ranging from 9.5% to 17.5%, at an increment of 2%. The statistical analysis showed that moisture significantly influenced the physical properties of the seeds, i.e., their length, width, thickness, and weight. As the moisture content of the seeds increased, there were greater differences in their weight. The average increase in the thousand kernel weight resulting from the increase in their moisture content ranged from 4 to 6 mg. The change in the seed moisture content from 9.5% to 17.5% significantly increased the volume of rye seeds from 3.10% to 14.99%, the volume of triticale seeds from 1.00% to 13.40%, and the volume of barley seeds from 1.00% to 15.33%. These data can be used as a parameter to improve the DEM simulation process.

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Physical properties of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) grains during convective drying

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n11p793-798 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 793-798

Author(s):

Wellytton D. Quequeto ◽

Valdiney C. Siqueira ◽

Vanderleia Schoeninger ◽

Elton A. S. Martins ◽

Eder P. Isquierdo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Shrinkage Porosity ◽

Volumetric Shrinkage ◽

Convective Drying ◽

True Density ◽

Post Harvest ◽

Forced Air

ABSTRACT Buckwheat is a prominent crop in present-day agriculture due to its nutraceutical properties; however, information on this crop regarding the post-harvest process is scarce, as well as the characterization of its physical properties and such information is essential for the development and improvement of machinery used in post-harvest processes. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the volumetric shrinkage, porosity, bulk density and true density of buckwheat grains throughout the drying process, as well as to fit mathematical models to the experimental values of true and bulk volumetric shrinkages. Buckwheat grains of the cultivar IPR 91 - Baili with an initial moisture content of 0.250 (decimal, dry basis.) were used. The samples used to determine the physical properties were subjected to oven drying with forced air circulation stabilized at 40 ± 1 °C. The mass of the samples was periodically weighed, so that when the product reached predetermined values of moisture content, the samples were removed and their physical properties were determined. It is concluded that the reduction in moisture content during drying causes increase in bulk density, true density and porosity. The reduction of the moisture content influences bulk volumetric shrinkage and true volumetric shrinkage of the grains, causing reductions in their values of approximately 14.47 and 14.70%, respectively, and a linear model can represent both variables satisfactorily.

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Physical properties of safflower grains. Part II: Volumetric shrinkage

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n5p350-355 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 350-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elton A. S. Martins ◽

André L. D. Goneli ◽

Alexandre A. Gonçalves ◽

Cesar P. Hartmann Filho ◽

Jerusa Rech ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Linear Shrinkage ◽

Agricultural Products ◽

Volumetric Shrinkage ◽

Drying Process ◽

Moisture Contents ◽

Forced Air ◽

Air Circulation

ABSTRACT Agricultural products usually have their size reduced during the drying process. The quantification of the reduction in the dimensions is important for the development and optimization of equipment for the post-harvest of the product. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the variation in the moisture content during drying on the volumetric shrinkage of safflower grains and their respective axes. Safflower grains were harvested with an initial moisture content of approximately 0.445 decimal d.b. (dry basis) and subjected to drying in an oven with forced air circulation at 40 °C, until the grains reached a final moisture content of 0.073 ± 0.008 decimal d.b. During drying, the contraction of the axes, unit volumetric shrinkage and volumetric shrinkage of the mass of safflower grains were determined at different moisture contents. Based on these results, it can be concluded that reducing the moisture content causes a reduction in the axes of safflower grains and, consequently, reductions in the unit volumetric shrinkage and volumetric shrinkage of the mass of approximately 16 and 13%, respectively, and both variables can be represented by the linear shrinkage model.

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Determination of physical properties of crambe fruits during drying

Engenharia Agrícola ◽

10.1590/s0100-69162014000500016 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 972-979 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Douglas N. Gonçalves ◽

Osvaldo Resende ◽

Lílian M. Costa ◽

Mariana C. Prado

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Volumetric Shrinkage ◽

True Density ◽

Design Data ◽

Intergranular Porosity ◽

Moisture Contents ◽

Randomized Design

The Knowledge of the physical properties of agricultural products has great importance for the construction and operation of equipment for drying and storage, to achieve increased efficiency in post-harvest operations. The aim was to determine and analyze the physical properties of crambe fruits during drying at different temperatures. Crambe fruits with an initial moisture content of 0.36 (decimal d.b.) which was reduced by drying at 37.0; 58.8 and 83.5 ºC and relative humidity of 29.4; 11.2 and 3.2%, respectively, to 0.09 ± 1 (decimal d.b.). At different levels of moisture contents (0.36; 0.31; 0.26; 0.21; 0.17; 0.13 and 0.09 decimal d.b.), was evaluated the intergranular porosity, the bulk density, the true density as well as the volumetric shrinkage and the fruit mass. The study was installed by the factorial 3 x 7, and three drying temperatures and seven moisture contents in a randomized design. Data were analyzed using regression. The bulk density and the true density decreases along the drying process; the volumetric shrinkage and the mass increased with lower moisture content and the intergranular porosity decreased sharply with the increasing drying temperature.

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Effect of Variety and Initial Moisture Content on Physical Properties of Improved Millet Grains

Nigerian Food Journal ◽

10.1016/s0189-7241(15)30007-2 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 5-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A.A. Adebowale ◽

G.O. Fetuga ◽

C.B. Apata ◽

L.O. Sanni

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Initial Moisture Content

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Use of Compost as a Media Amendment for Containerized Production of Two Subtropical Perennials

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-19.1.37 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 37-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S.B. Wilson ◽

P.J. Stoffella ◽

D.A. Graetz

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Flowering Time ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Orthosiphon Stamineus

Abstract Growth of Orthosiphon stamineus (cat whiskers) and Angelonia angustifolia Benth. (angelonia) was evaluated in media containing 0, 25, 50, 75, or 100% compost (biosolids and yard trimmings mixture, 1:1, by weight). Compost was added to a commercial coir-or peat-based medium. As % compost increased, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), % nitrogen (N), and % carbon (C) increased, and the initial moisture content decreased. Orthosiphon and Angelonia growth was reduced when grown in peat or coir-based media amended with high rates of compost (75 or 100%), but flowering time was generally not affected. All plants were considered visually acceptable, except Angelonia grown in 100% compost.

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