Prevalence of O25b-ST131 Escherichia coli Clone: Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Carbapenemase—Producing Isolates in Healthy Adults in Tehran, Iran

Abstract Background Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) remains poorly documented in Africa. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of ESBL-PE fecal carriage in Chad. Methods In total, 200 fresh stool samples were collected from 100 healthy community volunteers and 100 hospitalized patients from January to March 2017. After screening using ESBL-selective agar plates and species identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method, and ESBL production confirmed with the double-disc synergy test. The different ESBL genes in potential ESBL-producing isolates were detected by PCR and double stranded DNA sequencing. Escherichia coli phylogenetic groups were determined using a PCR-based method. Results ESBL-PE fecal carriage prevalence was 44.5% (51% among hospitalized patients vs 38% among healthy volunteers; p < 0.05). ESBL-producing isolates were mostly Escherichia coli (64/89) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (16/89). PCR and sequencing showed that 98.8% (87/89) of ESBL-PE harbored blaCTX-M genes: blaCTX-M-15 in 94.25% (82/87) and blaCTX-M-14 in 5.75% (5/87). Phylogroup determination by quadruplex PCR indicated that ESBL-producing E. coli isolates belonged to group A (n = 17; 27%), C (n = 17; 27%), B2 (n = 9; 14%), B1 (n = 8; 13%), D (n = 8; 13%), E (n = 1; 1.6%), and F (n = 1; 1.6%). The ST131 clone was identified in 100% (9/9) of E. coli B2 strains. Conclusions The high fecal carriage rate of ESBL-PE associated with CTX-M-15 in hospital and community settings of Chad highlights the risk for resistance transmission between non-pathogenic and pathogenic bacteria.

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Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. in a Turkish community

TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES ◽

10.3906/sag-1512-9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 172-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Derya ÇAKIR ERDOĞAN ◽

Füsun CÖMERT ◽

Elif AKTAŞ ◽

Fürüzan KÖKTÜRK ◽

Canan KÜLAH

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Fecal Carriage ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Turkish Community ◽

Klebsiella Spp

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Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamases and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in a Libyan community

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials ◽

10.1186/1476-0711-13-22 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 22 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Salwa Ahmed ◽

Mostafa Mohamed M Ali ◽

Zienat Mohamed ◽

Tarek A Moussa ◽

John D Klena

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Fecal Carriage ◽

Extended Spectrum

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Prevalence and quinolone resistance of fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in 6 communities and 2 physical examination center populations in Shanghai, China

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease ◽

10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.07.010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 86 (4) ◽

pp. 428-433 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Qi Ni ◽

Yuan Tian ◽

Lihua Zhang ◽

Cen Jiang ◽

Danfeng Dong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Physical Examination ◽

Quinolone Resistance ◽

Fecal Carriage ◽

Extended Spectrum

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High Rate of Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Healthy Children in Gipuzkoa, Northern Spain

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01503-13 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 1822-1824 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

María Fernández-Reyes ◽

Diego Vicente ◽

María Gomariz ◽

Olatz Esnal ◽

Joseba Landa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

High Rate ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Northern Spain ◽

Content Type ◽

Fecal Carriage ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Stool Samples ◽

M 14

ABSTRACTThe prevalence of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producingEnterobacteriaceae(ESBLPE) was studied in stool samples from 125 8- to 16-month-old healthy children. Twenty-four percent of them and 10.7% of the 318 fecal samples studied yielded extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producingEscherichia coli, with the types being SHV-12, CTX-M-1, CTX-M-14, and TEM-52, the most common types of β-lactamases. This high prevalence of ESBLPE in healthy people, which is to our knowledge the highest currently reported in Europe, may represent a risk for increased infections by these organisms in the future.

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Intestinal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase- (ESBL-) Possessing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella Species among Nepalese Health Science and Non-Health Science Students

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2021/4767429 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Bhawana Sapkota ◽

Santosh K. Yadav ◽

Gunaraj Dhungana ◽

Shamshul Ansari ◽

Shyam K. Mishra

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Health Science ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Klebsiella Species ◽

E Coli ◽

Fecal Carriage ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Klebsiella Spp ◽

Esbl Producers

Infections due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase- (ESBL-) producing Gram-negative bacteria have led to increased mortality, morbidity, and economic burden worldwide. These bacteria can colonize the healthy intestine of human beings and can disseminate in communities and hospital. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species among health science (HS) and non-health science (NHS) students. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 104 HS and 104 NHS students in which one stool sample from each student was collected and processed for bacterial culture and sensitivity testing according to standard bacteriological procedures. Each morphotype was identified and characterized phenotypically. The antimicrobial sensitivity profile of bacterial isolates was determined by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique. ESBL production was tested by combination disk method as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Out of 208 stool samples, E. coli and Klebsiella spp. were recovered from 203 (86.8%) and 31 (13.2%) stool samples, respectively. Among those 234 isolates, 69 were positive for ESBL which included E. coli (n = 66, 95.7%) and Klebsiella spp. (n = 3, 4.3%). Fifty (42.4%) out of 118 isolates from HS students and 19 (16.4%) out of 116 from NHS students were colonized by ESBL-producers. Compared to non-ESBL producers, a higher number of ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (14.5% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.001 ), cotrimoxazole (59.4% vs. 16.4%, p < 0.001 ), and amikacin (10.1% vs 4.2%, p < 0.001 ). All E. coli and Klebsiella species isolates were susceptible to meropenem. The prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-producing bacteria was higher in HS students; however, there was a considerable number of these strains colonizing NHS students as well. This “iceberg phenomenon” of asymptomatic carriage of ESBL-producing pathogens might act as a source of infection in both the community and hospitals. Therefore, surveillance of carriage of drug-resistant bacteria should be performed regularly.

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