Data Journalism: International Perspectives

Author(s):  
Bruce Mutsvairo

With international awards celebrating outstanding work, courses appearing in universities, regular sections dedicated to it in major publications, and financial packages awarded to help journalists develop interactive digital storytelling skills, “data journalism” has, over the last decade, gained worldwide recognition. Questions still open for exploration include how sustainable is it and how is it manifesting in different parts of the world, with different government policies about making data available. Even so, assumptions that data journalism is a “new” phenomenon have been challenged as researchers continue to dig deeper into its past. Very few will doubt the opportunities and innovations it presents especially insofar as rethinking professional practice and retooling investigative techniques are concerned. But data journalism also presents empirical, ethical and professional challenges especially in regions of the world, where it either hasn’t taken off or it’s struggling to gain ground. While access to groundbreaking statistics and ability to adopt storytelling techniques such as computer graphics and visualizations could trigger others to seek sensational success, data journalism’s first priority is to inform adequately and accurately. Failure to do so leaves journalism, already facing intensified international scrutiny as a result of numerous challenges ranging from lack of public trust to “problems associated with normative values and democracy; the political economy of the news media; the relevance of audiences and public trust; definitions of journalism itself; and the salience of old and new forms of professional ideology,” vulnerable.

The contemporary era raises a series of red flags about electoral integrity in America. Problems include plummeting public trust, exacerbated by President Trump’s claims of massive electoral fraud. Confidence in the impartiality and reliability of information from the news media has eroded. And Russian meddling has astutely exploited both these vulnerabilities, heightening fears that the 2016 contest was unfair. This book brings together a first-class group of expert academics and practitioners to analyze challenges facing contemporary elections in America. Contributors analyze evidence for a series of contemporary challenges facing American elections, including the weaknesses of electoral laws, overly restrictive electoral registers, gerrymandering district boundaries, fake news, the lack of transparency, and the hodgepodge of inconsistent state regulations. The conclusion sets these issues in comparative context and draws out the broader policy lessons for improving electoral integrity and strengthening democracy.


Journalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146488492110070
Author(s):  
Kathryn Shine

Numerous quantitative studies from around the world have found that women are under-represented as sources in news content. This study aims to add to the existing quantitative research by describing female experts’ attitudes about being interviewed as news sources, and their experiences of interacting with journalists. It reports the findings of semi-structured interviews with 30 Australian female academic experts from a broad range of disciplines. Almost all of the women experts in the group were willing to be interviewed by a journalist, and reported that their experiences with the news media had generally been positive. However, they referred to various factors that may act as deterrents. These included a lack of confidence, a reluctance to appear on camera, time constraints and a lack of understanding about how the news media operates. This research provides valuable insights for journalists and editors, and outlines recommendations about how to encourage female participation in the news.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennie Haw ◽  
Rachel Thorpe ◽  
Kelly Holloway

COVID-19 has posed unprecedented challenges to health systems around the world, including bloodcollection agencies (BCAs). Many countries, such as Canada and Australia, that rely on non-remuneratedvoluntary donors, saw an initial drop in donors in the early days of the pandemic followed by a return tosufficient levels of the blood supply. BCA messaging plays a key role in communicating the needs of theblood operator, promoting and encouraging donation, educating, and connecting with the public anddonors. This paper reports on discourse analysis (Bloor and Bloor, 2013) of BCA messaging in Canadaand Australia from March 1-July 31, 2020 to understand how BCAs constructed donation to encouragedonation during this period and what this can tell us about public trust and blood operators. Drawing onmultiple sources of online content and print media, our analysis identified four dominant messagesduring the study period: 1) blood donation is safe; 2) blood donation is designated an essential activity;3) blood is needed; and 4) blood donation is a response to the pandemic. In Canada and Australia, ouranalysis suggests that: 1) implicit within constructions of blood donation as safe is the message thatBCAs can be trusted; 2) messages that construct blood donation as essential and needed implicitly askdonors to trust BCAs in order to share in the commitment of meeting patient needs; and 3) thepandemic has made possible the construction of blood donation as both an exceptional andcommonplace activity. For BCAs, our analysis supports donor communications that are transparent andresponsive to public concerns, and the local context, to support public trust. Beyond BCAs, healthorganizations and leaders cannot underestimate the importance of building and maintaining public trustas countries continue to struggle with containment of the virus and encourage vaccine uptake.


2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farooq A. Kperogi

Identity is embedded not just in language but in the communicative and interactional singularities of language and in the linguistic habitus that speakers bring to bear in their relational and discursive encounters. This study explores how Nigerian English speakers, through the ubiquitous 419 e-mail scams, bring with them distinctive stylistic and sociolinguistic imprints in their quotidian dialogic encounters with other English users in the world, which at once construct, constrict, and constrain not only them but also other Nigerian English speakers. I also show links between demotic articulations of Nigerian English in Nigeria and its symbolic approbation and reproduction in the Nigerian news media, and how this conspires to construct Nigerian identity online.


Author(s):  
Şükrü Oktay Kılıç ◽  
Zeynep Genel

A handful of social media companies, with their shifting strategies to become hosts of all information available online, have significantly changed the news media landscape in recent years. Many news media companies across the world have gone through reorganizations in a bid to keep up with new storytelling techniques, technologies, and tools introduced by social media companies. With their non-transparent algorithms favoring particular content formats and lack of interest in developing solid business models for publishers, social media platforms, on the other hand, have attracted widespread criticism by many academics and media practitioners. This chapter aims at discussing the impact of social media on journalism with the help of digital research that provides an insight on what storytelling types with which three most-followed news outlets in Turkey gain the most engagement on Facebook.


2020 ◽  
pp. 538-555
Author(s):  
Martin Conboy

The Sunday newspaper is an often-neglected success story of the twentieth century news media landscape. The popularity and profitability of Sunday papers grew throughout the century to establish themselves as flagships of cultural and commercial trends and an essential complement to most national daily productions. On account of their production cycle, Sunday newspapers were always able to do things that the daily press with its punishing routines and pressure of deadlines were never able to achieve. Mapped onto the characteristic social class and politically stratified perspectives of British and Irish newspaper reading publics, the Sunday newspaper became a prominent vehicle for the experiments in layout and content after the full computerization of newspapers in the mid-1980s; lifestyle, commentary, colour photography all were pioneered in this format. The range of geographical variants of the Sunday newspaper are also considered from the regional Sunday Sun published in Newcastle from 1919 to the Irish Sunday Independent and Scottish Sunday Post to the migration of English titles across Britain into Ireland with increasing national specialization in their content and appeal. The chapter also considers the varying reasons for the failure of high-profile Sunday papers such as the Sunday Correspondent and the News of the World.


Ethnicities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 823-843
Author(s):  
Petre Breazu ◽  
David Machin

Research shows that news media around the world tend to represent ethnic minorities in ways which nurture distorted views and invite negative attitudes. Scholars have also emphasised that, in contemporary societies, a political climate has emerged which has made overt racism unacceptable and social taboos leading to racist statements are increasingly being managed and disguised in order to avoid direct accusations. In this paper we use Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA) to carry out an in-depth analysis of a Romanian television news report—selected from a larger corpus—which addressed the situation of the Roma migrants in Norway. We show how this medium, with editing techniques, voice-overs, sound effects and captions, has its own subtleties for communicating racism in ways that are less obvious at a casual viewing. The case we analyse reports on a Norwegian/EU project to build a factory in Romania, so that Roma migrants can return home to work rather than live and beg on the streets of Oslo.


2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Pantic

This gatekeeping theory-based study investigates ongoing practices that most prominent news media organizations employ to enable user participation. A thorough analysis of 20 top news websites in the world suggests that reader participation in developing news content and reacting to it is limited. Specifically, major news websites allow participation in areas that increase website traffic, while enabling citizens to produce stories is not a widely adopted form of reader participation.


1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Stapp ◽  
Nicholas Polunin

Our world of Mankind and Nature is becoming more and more seriously threatened as human populations and profligacy increase. Yet short of near-future calamity, there should be hope in global environmental education as a basis for countering such threats as those of world hunger, acidic precipitation, increasing desertification, nuclear proliferation, ‘greenhouse’ warming, and stratospheric ozone depletion. We need to educate people throughout the world to see these dangers in their global context and to act always within this perspective — be they decision-makers, legislators, or mere private citizens. For their actions and effects compound to make up those of their pandominant species, the likes of which our unique planet Earth can surely never have experienced before, and consequently its all-important Biosphere, constituting virtually the whole of our and Nature's lifesupport, is totally unprepared to withstand.The above means that decisions and concomitant actions at the personal level can and often do affect the globe, to however infinitesimal a degree, and of this all people on Earth should be forewarned, acting on it with clear understanding and due responsibility. Particularly North Americans should realize that their effect is disproportionately large, as they use some 36% of the world's resources although comprising only about 6% of its population. Towards remedying such anomalies and effecting an improved sharing of responsibility among all the world's human inhabitants, an urgent need is, clearly, effective global environmental education. We need a world of concerned people with the knowledge that personal decisions and local actions can affect others very widely, and that each individual human being thus has a role in furthering solutions to environmental, as well as political and social problems.With the need for such thinking and action so clear, and the stakes so very high, why is it that global perspectives are not better integrated into today's educational system? ‘The answer is that the barriers to such integration and concomitant action are many and strong, and due understanding of holism's fundamental importance is barely beginning to sweep our prejudice-bound world.’ These barriers include lack of student interest and pertinent enrolment, lack of international perspective among teachers and in the general press, and lack of television and other news-media coverage of such real world affairs. A general obstacle lies in the tendency of educational efforts to emphasize differences rather than similarities — scarcely conducive to fostering an interdependent, one-world ethic. Yet global issues should be our ultimate consideration, and holistic practice our means of furthering them for lasting survival.It is clear that we humans no longer have the option of foregoing a global perspective, and that there is dire need for widely-increased global environmental education to inculcate greatly-increased respect and concern for the world environment. This is brought starkly to mind on realization that practically all the horrors which now beset our world were known fairly widely already twenty years ago — including threats to the stratospheric ozone shield, the ‘greenhouse effect’ on world climate, the effects of deforestation and devegetation with ever-increasing human population pressures, and many more — and that new ones keep on emerging. These latter include build-up of nuclear-waste and other pollutions, AIDS, everincreasing acidic deposition and salinization, flooding of lowlands and other effects of climatic changes, and further foreseeable problems that are likewise of our own making in being due to human overpopulation, ignorance, and/or profligacy.


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