Prevalence, Demographic Patterns, and Outcome of Childhood Malignancies in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A 15-Year Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S89-S90
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi Otokiti ◽  
Edamisan Temiye
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Childhood Cancers ◽  
Childhood Malignancies ◽  
Wilm’S Tumor ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Objectives Childhood cancers are increasingly recognized as a cause of childhood morbidity and mortality following improvement in immunization programs and sanitation against communicable diseases. With improvement in health care, better survival outcomes have been reported in childhood cancers worldwide. However, mortality associated with childhood cancers remains high in developing countries. This study aims to determine the prevalence, demographic characteristics, and outcome of childhood cancers seen in Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Methods A retrospective study analyzed 749 cases of childhood malignancies between 2003 and 2017. Data on gender, age at diagnosis, diagnosis, and outcome were extracted using a data extraction proforma. Data were analyzed using SPSS v23. P value of .05 was considered statistically significant. Results Median age at diagnosis was 4.75 years with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. Highest prevalence was noticed with hematological malignancies (41%), Wilm’s tumor (18%), retinoblastoma (13%), and soft tissue tumors (6.5%) and lowest prevalence with testicular cancers (0.3%). Apart from liver malignancy, males had a higher incidence in all malignancies. Median age at diagnosis was 12 years for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, 11 years for bone cancers, 8 years for gynecological cancers, 6 years for hematological cancers, and 0.47 years for testicular cancers. Overall mortality rate was 30%, and a significant number (53%) were lost to follow-up (discharged against medical advice, defaulted, financial burden, medical tourism). Hematological malignancies had the highest mortality rates, with Wilm’s tumor having best survival chances (lowest mortality). Conclusion Prevalence patterns mirror what was obtained in other centers (Jos, Ife, and Ibadan). A mortality rate of 30% is significant. Financial burden, religious beliefs, delay in presentation, and ignorance are major hindrances to health care and might contribute significantly to overall mortality and outcome. More needs to be done concerning childhood cancers.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 Disease in Jordan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Hasan Ibrahim Al-Balas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Published Data ◽  
First Case ◽  
Global Health Care ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Overall Mortality

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging global health care threat that is caused by a novel coronavirus named 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2). The first case of diagnosed COVID-19 patient was declared in Jordan in early March 2020. As of June 8, Jordan had confirmed 831 cases, with 9 deaths, with an overall mortality rate of 1.08%. As there is no published data about critically ill patients in Jordan, we aimed to describe the characteristics and outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients in a tertiary hospital in Jordan.

scholarly journals Traumatic Brain Injury and the Importance of Neurosurgical Care: 10-year Retrospective Study on Cadavers

Folia Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandrina Nikova ◽  
Ivaylo Dimitrov ◽  
Theodossios Birbilis ◽  
Lora Zaharieva
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Transport Accidents

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to transport accidents is a serious cause of death and disability. In every case, however, quick response and a proper health care are required.   Materials and methods: We collected 10-year data retrospectively from the laboratory of forensic science and toxicology in Montana, Bulgaria with the intention to show the importance of neurosurgical care in the traumatology and its connection to mortality rate.   Results: 124 cadavers were included with significant male predominance. The data analysis shows that the mortality rate at the hospitals without neurosurgical facilities and the mortality at the scene of the accident is the same for traffic brain injuries. Furthermore, we found that the age has no correlation with the mortality rate.   Conclusion: Road injuries are the most common type of brain injury. We believe that the outcome of these TBIs depends on the availability of a neurosurgical unit.

scholarly journals Outcome of patients treated with N-Butyl-2-cyanoacrylate in gastric variceal bleeding.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1463-1469
Author(s):  
Ameet Jesrani ◽  
Riaz Hussain Awan ◽  
Latif Aziz Memon ◽  
Seema Nayab
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Endoscopic Injection ◽  
Variceal Bleed ◽  
Pugh Class ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Overall Mortality

Objective: Aim of study was to determine outcomes of patients treated with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Department of Gastroenterology at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro. Period: December 2019 to March 2020. Material & Methods: A Retrospective study was conducted between by viewing medical records and endoscopy reports. Total 31 patients were enrolled with gastric variceal bleed that underwent endoscopic injection of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate we examined the mortality rate, hemostasis, Hospital stay, need of blood transfusion, and effectiveness of procedure. Results: A Total of 31 patients, out of which 18 (58.1 %) were male; the mean age was 55.23±8.778 years. Of these patients 23 (74.2 %), had concomitant esophageal varices, Child-Pugh class-A, B, C were seen in 4, 20 & 7 patients (12.9, 64.5 % & 22.6) respectively. Average duration of hospital stay was 5 to 8 days in 22 cases (71.0 %). Less than 3 pints of PRBC were transfused in 17 cases (54.8 %). Hemostasis was achieved in 27 patients (87%). Overall mortality rate was 3 out of 31(9.7%). one patient was referred for TIPSS. No complications from cyanoacrylate injection were observed. Conclusion: Standardized injection technique and regimen ensures the success and safety of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate injection for the treatment of gastric fundal varices in experienced hands.

scholarly journals Childhood cancers in southern Ethiopia 1963 - 1986

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernt Lindtjorn
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Burkitt’S Lymphoma ◽  
Burkitt's Lymphoma ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Childhood Cancers ◽  
Childhood Malignancies

The pattern of childhood malignancies from southern Ethiopia is presented as it appears from a retrospective study of biopsy proven malignancies during the period 1963—1986. Retinoblastoma was the most frequently observed tumour, but lymphomas were also frequently observed. Hodgkin's Disease and Burkitt's lymphoma were the two most common lymphoma types .

scholarly journals Severity, Treatment, and Outcome of Acute Pancreatitis in Thailand: The First Comprehensive Review Using Revised Atlanta Classification

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supot Pongprasobchai ◽  
Peeradon Vibhatavata ◽  
Piyaporn Apisarnthanarak
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Necrotizing Pancreatitis ◽  
Median Length ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Ringer’S Lactate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lactate Solution ◽  
Overall Mortality

Background.Severity and outcome of acute pancreatitis (AP) in Thailand are unknown.Methods. A retrospective study of 250 patients with AP during 2011–2014 was performed. Severity, treatment, and outcome were evaluated. Severity was classified by revised Atlanta classification.Results. The mean age was 58 years and 56% were men. Etiologies were gallstones (45%), alcohol (16%), postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (14%), and idiopathic (15%). Overall, 72%, 16%, and 12% of patients had mild, moderately severe, and severe AP, respectively. Two major types of initial intravenous fluid were normal saline (64%) and Ringer’s lactate solution (RLS, 28%). Enteral nutrition was given in 77% of patients with severe AP, median duration 48 hours, and via a nasogastric tube in 67% of patients. Necrotizing pancreatitis (NP) developed in 7% of patients, and 29% of them developed infection (median 17 days). The median length of stay was 6, 9, and 13 days, and the mortality rate was 1%, 3%, and 42% in mild, moderately severe, and severe AP, respectively. The overall mortality rate was 6%.Conclusion. The severity of AP in Thailand was mild, moderately severe, and severe in 72%, 16%, and 12% of patients, respectively. NP was not prevalent. Mortality was high in severe AP. Most treatments complied with standard guidelines except the underuse of RLS.

scholarly journals Reduced Mortality During Holidays and the COVID-19 Pandemic in Israel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roni Rasnic ◽  
Danielle Klinger ◽  
Dan Ofer ◽  
Yoav Comay ◽  
Michal Linial ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Peak Capacity ◽  
Israeli Population ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Overall Mortality

Evidence suggests varied trends in mortality surrounding the holiday period. Most studies support an association between increased mortality rates and holidays. We compare the effect of the number of holiday days per week on the overall mortality rate in the Israeli population. Between 2000-2020, we see significantly reduced mortality rates in weeks containing national holidays. We observed the same trend in all-cause mortality during the 3-weeks COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. As the Israeli health care system, and hospitals especially, function near peak capacity year-round, we propose that reduced medical service utilization during holidays and the COVID-19 lockdown period might underlie the lower mortality rates.

Epidemiology of Fungal Infections in Hematological Malignancies in Italy: SEIFEM-2004 Study (Sorveglianza Epidemiologica Infezioni Fungine Nelle Emopatie Maligne).

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 4556-4556
Author(s):  
Livio Pagano ◽  
Morena Caira ◽  
Anna Candoni ◽  
Massimo Offidani ◽  
Bruno Martino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
P Value ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Underlying Malignancy ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background: To evaluate the incidence and the outcome of fungal infections in patients (pts) affected by hematological malignancies (HM). Methods: A retrospective study, conducted over 1999–2003, in pts with HM, admitted in 18 Italian Hematology divisions in tertiary cares or university hospitals, who developed proven or probable fungal infections. Results: The population included 11,802 pts: 3,012 AML (25.5%), 1,173 ALL (9.9%), 596 CML (5%), 1,104 CLL (9.4%), 1,616 MM (13.7%), 3,457 NHL (29.3%), 844 HL (7.2%). Pts who underwent HSCT were included in a different analysis. A fungal infection occurred in 538 pts, with an incidence of 4.6%; in particular we registered 346 episodes sustained by moulds (incidence 2.9%) and 193 by yeasts (1.6%). The incidence rate depends upon underlying malignancy (12.3% in AML, 6.5% in ALL, 2.7% in CML, 0.6% in CLL, 0.5% in MM, 1.6% in NHL, 0.9% in HL). Among moulds, the etiological agents were Aspergillus (310 episodes, incidence 2.8%), Mucorales (13 pts, 0.1%), Fusarium (15 pts, 0.1%), and other rare fungi (7 pts, 0.1%). Among yeasts we registered septicemia due to Candida (175 pts, 1.6%). Other yeast infections were caused by Cryptococcus (8 pts, 0.1%), Tricosporon (7 pts, 0.1%) and other rare agents (2 pts). We did not observed an increase of A.terreus infections while the number of episodes sustained by A.flavus increased from 1999 to 2003 (RR 2.10; IC95% 0.8–5.49; p-value 0.117). The overall mortality rate was 1.8%. Among 538 pts with fungal infection 39% died for this complication, with differences between aspergillosis (42%), zygomycosis (63%), fusariosis (53%) and candidemia (33%). There was not variation in mortality rate during the study period; comparing these pts with those observed in our previous studies during the period 1987–1988 we observed a significant reduction of death due to aspergillosis (RR 1.90; IC 95% 1.17–3.09), but no differences in mortality rate due to Candida. Conclusions: Our study confirms the general trends already described: infections due to moulds are more frequent than those caused by yeast. Aspergillus remains the main etiologic agent, followed by Candida. The other agents (Mucorales, Fusarium, Trichosporon) remain rare. AML represents the most frequently involved category. The mortality rate due to aspergillosis is actually about 40%, with a remarkable decrease when compared to past years; as for candidemia, we observed a reduction in the incidence, but not in the mortality rate.

Open and laparoscopic surgeries are associated with comparable 90 day morbidities and mortalities following ERAS protocols- A retrospective Study. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
BHAVIN VASAVADA ◽  
Hardik Patel
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Asa Score

UNSTRUCTURED All the gastrointestinal surgeries performed between April 2016 to march 2019 in our institution have been analysed for morbidity and mortality after ERAS protocols and data was collected prospectively. We performed 245 gastrointestinal and hepato-biliary surgeries between April 2016 to march 2019. Mean age of patients was 50.96 years. 135 were open surgeries and 110 were laparoscopic surgeries. Mean ASA score was 2.40, mean operative time was 111 minutes, mean CDC grade of surgery was 2.56. 40 were emergency surgeries and 205 were elective surgeries. Overall 90 days mortality rate was 8.5% and over all morbidity rate was around 9.79% . On univariate analysis morbidity was associated significantly with higher CDC grade of surgeries, higher ASA grade, more operative time, more blood products use, more hospitalstay, open surgeries,HPB surgeries and luminal surgeries(non hpb gastrointestinal surgeries) were associated with higher 90 days morbidity. On multivariate analysis no factors independently predicted morbidity. On univariate analysis 90 days mortality was predicted by grade of surgeries, higher ASA grade, more operative time, more blood products use, open surgeries and emergency surgeries. However on multivariate analysis only more blood products used was independently associated with mortality There is no difference between 90 day mortality and moribidity rates between open and laparoscopic surgeries.

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