Effect of heparin sodium on postoperative inflammation after adult cataract surgery

To evaluate the effect of use of ringer lactate solution supplemented with heparin sodium in patients undergoing cataract surgery.In a prospective, double-blind, interventional study, 200 patients were included and were randomized to undergo cataract surgery using ringer lactate solution with or without 10 IU/ml heparin. All patients underwent phacoemulsification with hydrophobic acrylic foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. The severity of anterior chamber inflammation and amount of pigment deposition of IOL was assessed by slit lamp biomicroscopy on day 1, 7, 28 and after 8 weeks postoperatively. Mean age in treatment and control group was 63.0± 11.5 years and 65.1±12.7 years respectively. A significant reduction in the severity of inflammatory cellular activity (p=0.001), flare (p=0.001) and pigment deposition on IOL (p=0.001) was noted on day 1 in the heparin treated group compared to the control group. However, no significant difference was observed in the amount of inflammatory activity as well as IOL pigment deposition beyond 1 week postoperatively. The inflammatory activity resolved almost completely in both the groups by the end of 8 weeks postoperatively. : Our study showed the beneficial effect of addition of heparin to irrigating solution during cataract surgery. Heparin treated eyes demonstrated a reduction in the early postoperative inflammation and IOL pigment deposition. The anti-inflammatory effect was observed in the early postoperative period.

Features of treatment of severe acute pancreatitis in obese patients

The purpose of the work is to improve the results of treatment of severe acute pancreatitis in obese patients and to develop an algorithm for comprehensive treatment. Materials and methods. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis and obesity (mean BMI 37.48 ± 2.19 kg/m2) were randomized into two groups. In the experimental group (n = 18; step-up approach),early resuscitation with Ringer's lactate solution and ulinastatin in the first 5 days of the disease was used. Unilastatin was administered at a dose of 200,000IU by 1-hourintra­venous infusion TID for 5 days. The first stage of surgery was a drainage under ultrasound control, the second stage (if necessary) was laparos­copic retroperitoneal necrectomy (video-assisted­retroperitoneal debri­de­ment — VARD). Open surgery was performed in case of development of abdominal compartment syndrome. In the control group (n = 18; standard approach), resuscita­tion was performed with 0.9 % sodium chlo­ride solution without ulinastatin. The first stage of surgery was draina­ge under ultrasound control, the second stage was traditional median laparotomy with laparostomy. Results. The use of resuscitation with Ringer’s lactate solution in combination with ulinastatin for 5 days contributed to a decrease of procalcitoninlevels by 1.8 times (2.89 ± 0.88 compared with 1.8 ± 0.23 ng/mg; p = 0.001; α = 0.05). The level of CRP during the period of ulinastatin decreased by 41.68 mg/l (267.28 ± 114.11 compared with 225.6 ± 84.9 mg/l; p = 0.01; α = 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in procalcitonin levels between groups on the 10th day (1.83 compared with 3.32 ng/mg; p = 0.001; α = 0.05), on the 15th day (1.15 compared with 1 .83 ng/mg; p = 0.001; α = 0.05) and on the 45th day (0.35 compared with 0.55 ng/mg; p = 0.001; α = 0.05). These results confirm the effect of the proposed method of treatment by reducing the risk of infection. Conclusions. The effectiveness of the proposed treatment algorithm is evidenced by a statistically significant difference in the level of CRP between groups on the 10th day (p = 0.035; α = 0.05). The use of VARD in the experimental group as a second stage of surgery is a less traumatic but effective method (p = 0.001; α = 0.05), which reduces the total number of complications (χ² = 4.012; p = 0.046). Evaluation of data «before—after» revealed the effectiveness of treatment by step-up approach (χ² = 5.4; p = 0.021).

Study of renal function indices to determine hypoxic hypoxia resistance in divers

Aim: using oral stress kidney tests to reveal changes in renal function and water-electrolyte metabolism in divers with different initial resistance to hypoxic hypoxia.Materials and methods. 44 men were studied. All subjects were evaluated for their initial resistance to hypoxic hypoxia. Oral renal stress tests were performed to determine the status of kidney function.Results and their discussion. For the selection of divers, it is necessary to carry out oral stress tests with water, 10% potassium chloride solution and 7.5% calcium lactate solution. In divers with low and medium resistance to hypoxic hypoxia, there is a deterioration in the calcium and potassium uretic function of the kidneys after oral stress renal tests. The method for determining the resistance of divers to hypoxic hypoxia should be supplemented by the regularity developed by us.

Ball Milling Effect on Corrosion and Biocompatibility Behavior of FeMnC Alloys Produced by Powder Metallurgy in Simulated Body Fluids Environment

Carbon-containing Fe-Mn alloys have been developed for the materials for stent application. The alloys fabricated by the powder metallurgy route retain a significant amount of porosity and require a longer sintering time. In this study, the corrosion behavior and cytotoxicity of FeMnC alloy fabricated by powder metallurgy were investigated. The ball-milling process was applied to increase the sample density. Mn content was set to 25 or 35 wt.%, while 1 wt.% carbon was added to all samples. The austenite stability was independent of porosity and the ball-milling process, whereas hardness had a strong dependence on porosity and the ball-milling process. The corrosion resistance of FeMnC alloy depends mainly on the porosity rather than Mn content. The concentration of Fe ions was higher than that of Mn ions in all immersion times in the Ringer’s lactate solution. The released metallic ion concentration rate is also dependent on the porosity of the sample rather than Mn content. However, the ion concentration was lower than the upper intake limit. The extract of FeMnC alloy in Ringer’s lactate solution reduced cell viability. The ball-milled (BM) FeMnC alloys showed higher cell viability than the non-BM sample. However, the FeMnC alloy shows the same level of biocompatibility as SS316L. This result indicates that the FeMnC alloy has a suitable corrosion behavior and proven biocompatibility for biodegradable materials.

Low temperature plasma irradiation products of sodium lactate solution that induce cell death on U251SP glioblastoma cells were identified

Low-temperature plasma is being widely used in the various fields of life science, such as medicine and agriculture. Plasma-activated solutions have been proposed as potential cancer therapeutic reagents. We previously reported that plasma-activated Ringer’s lactate solution exhibited selective cancer-killing effects, and that the plasma-treated L-sodium lactate in the solution was an anti-tumor factor; however, the components that are generated through the interactions between plasma and L-sodium lactate and the components responsible for the selective killing of cancer cells remain unidentified. In this study, we quantified several major chemical products, such as pyruvate, formate, and acetate, in plasma-activated L-sodium lactate solution by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. We further identified novel chemical products, such as glyoxylate and 2,3-dimethyltartrate, in the solution by direct infusion-electrospray ionization with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. We found that 2,3-dimethyltartrate exhibited cytotoxic effects in glioblastoma cells, but not in normal astrocytes. These findings shed light on the identities of the components that are responsible for the selective cytotoxic effect of plasma-activated solutions on cancer cells, and provide useful data for the potential development of cancer treatments using plasma-activated L-sodium lactate solution.

STUDY OF HARDNESS AND CORROSION RATE OF COPPER IONS IRRADIATED Mg–Al–Zn ALLOY IN RINGER LACTATE SOLUTION

In this work, the surface properties of Mg–Al–Zn (AZ91D) alloy such as surface morphology, hardness and electrochemical corrosion were studied after copper ions (Cu[Formula: see text] irradiation at different energies (0.8, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5[Formula: see text]MeV) while keeping the ion dose constant at [Formula: see text] ions/cm2. The morphological features of irradiated samples showed defects composed of ejected material from the alloy surface that became more significant at 3.5[Formula: see text]MeV. The Vickers hardness was increased with increase of the Cu[Formula: see text] energy. The electrochemical testing of the samples was conducted in a Ringer Lactate solution. The potentiodynamic polarization results revealed anomalous changes in the corrosion rate of the Mg alloy with increase of the Cu[Formula: see text] energy. The corrosion rate was considerably decreased with increase of the Cu[Formula: see text] energy to 3.5[Formula: see text]MeV. These changes were associated with the surface defects and passive film formation on the alloy surface.