Plant architecture and foliar senescence impact the race between wheat growth and Zymoseptoria tritici epidemics

An Attempt to combine the superior traits of Elaeis oleifera and Elaeis guineensis have been done through an interspecific hybrid cross and followed by pseudo-backcross 1 (pBC1). Observation of vegetative morphology and bunch components are presented in this paper. Two populations of pBC1 E. oleifera from the Suriname and Brazil origin were planted in 1990, 1993, 1995, and 2005, and were intensively observed for vegetative morphological properties and bunch components in November 2016 to February 2018. The results showed that almost all the individuals of pBC1 grew upright such as E. guineensis, no longer growing horizontally like the wild E. oleifera and the interspecific hybrid populations. The datas showed that the Suriname population plant architecture are compact or smaller than the Brazilian origin including the height increment and the size of the stem, the frond architecture and its components. Similarly, the bunch components show that the pBC1 Brazil is slightly superior to Suriname pBC1.

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Barban Selectivity for Wild Oat in Wheat

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500038042 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 476-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Robert W. Neidermyer ◽

John D. Nalewaja

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Leaf Blade ◽

Plant Morphology ◽

Treatment Temperature ◽

Avena Fatua ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Wild Oat ◽

Wheat Growth ◽

Wild Oats

The response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and wild oat (Avena fatua L.) to barban (4-chloro-2-butynyl-m-chlorocarbanilate) was studied as influenced by plant morphology and air temperature after application. Growth of wheat and wild oat seedlings was reduced by barban at 0.3 μg and 0.6 μg applied to the first node, respectively. Barban application to the base and midpoint of the first leaf blade required a lower dose to reduce wild oat growth than wheat growth. Increased tillering occurred from barban injury to the main culm in wheat. Wheat and wild oat susceptibility to barban increased as the post-treatment temperature decreased from 32 to 10 C. Barban selectivity for wild oats in wheat was greater at 27 and 21 C than at 16 and 10 C.

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Modification of cereal plant architecture by genome editing to improve yields

Plant Cell Reports ◽

10.1007/s00299-021-02668-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xin Huang ◽

Julia Hilscher ◽

Eva Stoger ◽

Paul Christou ◽

Changfu Zhu

Keyword(s):

Genome Editing ◽

Plant Architecture ◽

Cereal Plant

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Plant architecture manipulation increases cannabinoid standardization in ‘drug-type’ medical cannabis

Industrial Crops and Products ◽

10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113528 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 167 ◽

pp. 113528

Author(s):

Nadav Danziger ◽

Nirit Bernstein

Keyword(s):

Plant Architecture ◽

Medical Cannabis ◽

Drug Type

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Effect of Biochar Prepared from Food Waste through Different Thermal Treatment Processes on Crop Growth

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9020276 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 276

Author(s):

Hang Jia ◽

Haoxi Ben ◽

Fengze Wu

Keyword(s):

Crop Growth ◽

Raw Material ◽

Synthetic Methods ◽

Thermochemical Conversion ◽

Growth Trend ◽

Wheat Growth ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Ft Ir ◽

The Impact

Biochar is generally accepted and increasingly valued in scientific circles as solid products in the thermochemical conversion of biomass, mainly because of its rich carbon content. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of biochar from different sources on wheat growth. In particular, this work focused on the effect of different preparation methods and raw material of biochar on the growth of wheat and aim to find a potential soil substitute that can be used for crop cultivation. Two synthetic methods were evaluated: hydrothermal conversion and pyrolysis. The characterization of biochar was determined to explore the impact of its microstructure on wheat growth. The results show that the yield of biochar produced from high-pressure reactor is significantly higher than that obtained by using microwave reactor. For example, the biochar yield obtained through the former is about six times that of the latter when using steamed bread cooked as biomass raw material. In addition, the growth trend of wheat indicates that biochar has different promoting effects on the growth of wheat in its weight and height. The pyrolyzed carbon is more suitable for wheat growth and is even more effective than soil, indicating that pyrolyzed biochar has more potential to be an alternative soil in the future. Moreover, this research tries to explore the reasons that affect crop growth by characterizing biochar (including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), biofilm electrostatic test (BET) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)). The results indicate that the biochar containing more pits and less hydroxyl functional are more suitable for storing moisture, which is one of the significant factors in the growth of crops. This study provides evidence of the effects of biochar on crop growth, both in terms of microstructure and macroscopic growth trends, which provides significant benefits for biochar to grow crops or plants.

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Effects of Acetochlor on Wheat Growth Characteristics and Soil Residue in Dryland

Gesunde Pflanzen ◽

10.1007/s10343-021-00553-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yu Gao ◽

Jun Li ◽

Zhanli Hu ◽

Yan Shi

Keyword(s):

Growth Characteristics ◽

Wheat Growth ◽

Soil Residue

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Alleviation of Salt Stress in Wheat Seedlings via Multifunctional Bacillus aryabhattai PM34: An In-Vitro Study

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13148030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 8030

Author(s):

Shehzad Mehmood ◽

Amir Abdullah Khan ◽

Fuchen Shi ◽

Muhammad Tahir ◽

Tariq Sultan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Bacterial Strain ◽

Acc Deaminase ◽

Wheat Growth ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Pgp Traits ◽

Bacillus Aryabhattai

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria play a substantial role in plant growth and development under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. However, understanding about the functional role of rhizobacterial strains for wheat growth under salt stress remains largely unknown. Here we investigated the antagonistic bacterial strain Bacillus aryabhattai PM34 inhabiting ACC deaminase and exopolysaccharide producing ability to ameliorate salinity stress in wheat seedlings under in vitro conditions. The strain PM34 was isolated from the potato rhizosphere and screened for different PGP traits comprising nitrogen fixation, potassium, zinc solubilization, indole acetic acid, siderophore, and ammonia production, along with various extracellular enzyme activities. The strain PM34 showed significant tolerance towards both abiotic stresses including salt stress (NaCl 2 M), heavy metal (nickel, 100 ppm, and cadmium, 300 ppm), heat stress (60 °C), and biotic stress through mycelial inhibition of Rhizoctonia solani (43%) and Fusarium solani (41%). The PCR detection of ituC, nifH, and acds genes coding for iturin, nitrogenase, and ACC deaminase enzyme indicated the potential of strain PM34 for plant growth promotion and stress tolerance. In the in vitro experiment, NaCl (2 M) decreased the wheat growth while the inoculation of strain PM34 enhanced the germination% (48%), root length (76%), shoot length (75%), fresh biomass (79%), and dry biomass (87%) over to un-inoculated control under 2M NaCl level. The results of experiments depicted the ability of antagonistic bacterial strain Bacillus aryabhattai PM34 to augment salt stress tolerance when inoculated to wheat plants under saline environment.

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